Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Abstract B21: The study of {beta}-glucan on the release of nitric oxide by macrophages stimulated with lipopolysaccharide
This research analyzed the effect of β-glucan that is expected to alleviate the production of the inflammatory mediator in a macrophagocyte, which was processed by the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of Escherichia, a pathogen related to allergy. The incubated layer was used for a nitric oxide (NO) analysis. The DNA-binding activation of the small unit of NF-B was measured using the ELISA-based kit. In the RAW264.7 cells that were vitalized by E.coli LPS, the β-glucan inhibited both the combatant and rendering phases of the inducible NO synthase (iNOS)-derived NO. β-glucan increased the expression of the heme oxyge...
Source: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention - April 30, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Cho, K. K. Tags: Improving Cancer Risk Prediction for Prevention and Early Detection: Poster Presentations - Proffered Abstracts Source Type: research

Abstract IA20: Maximizing the impact of risk prediction models: Leveraging lessons learned from risk communication research
The most promising new medications are doomed to be ineffective if not adequately prescribed and taken as directed by patients, highlighting the grave importance of understanding the vicissitudes of human behavior. The same might be said of risk prediction tools. Irrespective of their quality and validity, the successful use and impact of such tools hinges firmly on a thorough understanding of human motivation, emotion, and cognition – the building blocks of human behavior and decision-making. In general, people desire to minimize loss, uncertainty, and ambiguity, and they hold defensive self-serving beliefs about th...
Source: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention - April 30, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Klein., W. M. Tags: Improving Cancer Risk Prediction for Prevention and Early Detection: Oral Presentations - Invited Abstracts Source Type: research

Abstract B20: Portinari: Communicating personalized risk in cervical cancer screening using data exploration
Background: Cervical cancer incidence rate has significantly decreased in countries that established organized screening programs. The program invites women in the age group 25 to 69 years for screening exams based on a set of guidelines. The guidelines aim to reduce over-screening of individuals at a very low-risk while effectively detecting and treating individuals at a high-risk of developing cervical cancer. However, risk determined by the screening program for a woman is often different from perception of their own risk. This contributes to a wide range of screening behavior as seen in the data collected by the Cancer...
Source: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention - April 30, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Sen, S., Ribeiro, M. H., Nygard, M. Tags: Improving Cancer Risk Prediction for Prevention and Early Detection: Poster Presentations - Proffered Abstracts Source Type: research

Abstract IA19: Can biomarkers be used to improve risk prediction models on lung cancer?
Lung cancer kills over 1.6 million people every year, making it the chief cause of cancer death worldwide. The US National Lung Cancer Screening Trial (NLST) demonstrated in 2011 that screening with computed tomography (CT) scans could reduce lung cancer mortality by 20% and total mortality by 7%. As a result, the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) has recommended LDCT-screening for lung cancer in ever-smokers aged 55-80 years who have smoked 30 pack-years with no more than 15 years since quitting.However, the NLST study also highlighted several important negative aspects of CT screening in terms of morbidity assoc...
Source: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention - April 30, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Johansson, M. Tags: Improving Cancer Risk Prediction for Prevention and Early Detection: Oral Presentations - Invited Abstracts Source Type: research

Abstract B19: Effect of cancer risk and patient preferences on net benefit of lung cancer screening: A Personalized Lung Cancer Screening Model
This abstract is being presented as a short talk in the scientific program. A full abstract is printed in the Proffered Abstracts section (PR16) of the Conference Proceedings.Citation Format: Pianpian Cao, Tanner Caverly, Rodney Hayward, Rafael Meza. Effect of cancer risk and patient preferences on net benefit of lung cancer screening: A Personalized Lung Cancer Screening Model. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Improving Cancer Risk Prediction for Prevention and Early Detection; Nov 16-19, 2016; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2017;26(5 Suppl):Abstract nr B1...
Source: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention - April 30, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Cao, P., Caverly, T., Hayward, R., Meza, R. Tags: Improving Cancer Risk Prediction for Prevention and Early Detection: Poster Presentations - Proffered Abstracts Source Type: research

Abstract IA18: Development and validation of risk models to select ever-smokers for CT lung-cancer screening
The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommends computed-tomography (CT) lung-cancer screening for ever-smokers ages 55-80 years who smoked at least 30 pack-years with no more than 15 years since quitting. However, selecting ever-smokers for screening using individualized lung-cancer risk calculations may be more effective and efficient than current USPSTF recommendations. We compare of modeled outcomes from risk-based CT lung-screening strategies versus USPSTF recommendations. We developed empirical risk models for lung-cancer incidence and death in the absence of CT screening using data on ever-smokers from the...
Source: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention - April 30, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Katki, H. A., Kovalchik, S. A., Berg, C. D., Cheung, L. C., Chaturvedi, A. K. Tags: Improving Cancer Risk Prediction for Prevention and Early Detection: Oral Presentations - Invited Abstracts Source Type: research

Abstract B18: Improving pancreatic cancer risk prediction through early detection
Conclusions: Although the EDP is still recruiting patients, the effectiveness of our screening for PC has revealed some encouraging outcomes. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) and molecular based technologies will be explored for mapping novel biomarkers for early detection in a clinical study. The Institute is expanding to also include those at risk for breast and ovarian cancer. We will be evaluating risk assessment criteria and also current anxiety scales. A product of this study will be the development of a valid and reliable EDP index (EDP-I) anxiety instrument.Citation Format: Courtney Snyder, Susan G. Haag, Nickie Ad...
Source: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention - April 30, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Snyder, C., Haag, S. G., Adams, N., Hess, J., Paskett, B., Borazanci, E. Tags: Improving Cancer Risk Prediction for Prevention and Early Detection: Poster Presentations - Proffered Abstracts Source Type: research

Abstract A18: Using frailty models to improve familial cancer risk prediction
This abstract is being presented as a short talk in the scientific program. A full abstract is printed in the Proffered Abstracts section (PR06) of the Conference Proceedings.Citation Format: Theodore Huang, Danielle Braun, Malka Gorfine, Giovanni Parmigiani. Using frailty models to improve familial cancer risk prediction. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Improving Cancer Risk Prediction for Prevention and Early Detection; Nov 16-19, 2016; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2017;26(5 Suppl):Abstract nr A18. (Source: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention)
Source: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention - April 30, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Huang, T., Braun, D., Gorfine, M., Parmigiani, G. Tags: Improving Cancer Risk Prediction for Prevention and Early Detection: Poster Presentations - Proffered Abstracts Source Type: research

Abstract PR17: Comprehensive colorectal cancer risk prediction to inform personalized screening and intervention
Conclusions: Our risk prediction models incorporating both comprehensive environmental and lifestyle risk factors, and known CRC common genetic variants provide more accurate estimation of CRC risk. These models will be useful for recommending individually tailored screening and intervention strategies to prevent this common cancer.This abstract is also being presented as Poster B17.Citation Format: Jihyoun Jeon, Sonja I. Berndt, Hermann Brenner, Peter T. Campbell, Andrew T. Chan, Jenny Chang-Claude, Mengmeng Du, Graham Giles, Jian Gong, Stephen B. Gruber, Tabitha A. Harrison, Michael Hoffmeister, Loic LeMarchand, Li Li, J...
Source: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention - April 30, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Jeon, J., Berndt, S. I., Brenner, H., Campbell, P. T., Chan, A. T., Chang-Claude, J., Du, M., Giles, G., Gong, J., Gruber, S. B., Harrison, T. A., Hoffmeister, M., LeMarchand, L., Li, L., Potter, J. D., Rennert, G., Schoen, R. E., Slattery, M. L., White, Tags: Improving Cancer Risk Prediction for Prevention and Early Detection: Oral Presentations - Proffered Abstracts Source Type: research

Abstract IA17: Risk prediction modeling in lung cancer: How can we improve?
Screening for lung cancerThe results of the US National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) were published in 2011 and are considered a landmark event in lung cancer research. This randomised study of 53,454 individuals showed that computed tomography (CT) scans are able to reduce lung cancer mortality by 20% through early detection, although with important cost and morbidity due to overdiagnosis and treatment of benign nodule. A number of European pilot trials have reported, we await the NELSON, which is the only statistically powered screening trial in Europe. There are now discussions on how to implement lung cancer screening t...
Source: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention - April 30, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Field, J. K., Marcus, M. W. Tags: Improving Cancer Risk Prediction for Prevention and Early Detection: Oral Presentations - Invited Abstracts Source Type: research

Abstract B17: Comprehensive colorectal cancer risk prediction to inform personalized screening and intervention
This abstract is being presented as a short talk in the scientific program. A full abstract is printed in the Proffered Abstracts section (PR17) of the Conference Proceedings.Citation Format: Jihyoun Jeon, Sonja I. Berndt, Hermann Brenner, Peter T. Campbell, Andrew T. Chan, Jenny Chang-Claude, Mengmeng Du, Graham Giles, Jian Gong, Stephen B. Gruber, Tabitha A. Harrison, Michael Hoffmeister, Loic LeMarchand, Li Li, John D. Potter, Gad Rennert, Robert E. Schoen, Martha L. Slattery, Emily White, Michael O. Woods, Ulrike Peters, Li Hsu. Comprehensive colorectal cancer risk prediction to inform personalized screening and interv...
Source: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention - April 30, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Jeon, J., Berndt, S. I., Brenner, H., Campbell, P. T., Chan, A. T., Chang-Claude, J., Du, M., Giles, G., Gong, J., Gruber, S. B., Harrison, T. A., Hoffmeister, M., LeMarchand, L., Li, L., Potter, J. D., Rennert, G., Schoen, R. E., Slattery, M. L., White, Tags: Improving Cancer Risk Prediction for Prevention and Early Detection: Poster Presentations - Proffered Abstracts Source Type: research

Abstract PR16: Effect of cancer risk and patient preferences on net benefit of lung cancer screening: A personalized lung cancer screening model
Conclusion: Results from our Personalized Lung Cancer Screening Model demonstrate the importance of an individual's estimated baseline lung cancer risk in determining net benefit from LDCT screening. In addition, we found that patient preferences play an important role to determine the extent of net benefit. These findings support the use of a decision-support tool through shared decision making, rather than recommending screening uniformly.This abstract is also being presented as Poster B19.Citation Format: Pianpian Cao, Tanner Caverly, Rodney Hayward, Rafael Meza. Effect of cancer risk and patient preferences on net bene...
Source: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention - April 30, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Cao, P., Caverly, T., Hayward, R., Meza, R. Tags: Improving Cancer Risk Prediction for Prevention and Early Detection: Oral Presentations - Proffered Abstracts Source Type: research

Abstract B16: Development of breast cancer risk prediction for the UK population using the UK Biobank dataset
In conclusion, we are developing an individualised breast cancer risk prediction model for the UK population based on the modifiable risk factors. The model will enable us to educate and to design appropriate interventions tailored to the individual with the aim of assisting them to make appropriate changes to modify their cancer risk profile.Citation Format: Kawthar Alajmi, Artitaya Lophatananon, Kenneth Muir. Development of breast cancer risk prediction for the UK population using the UK Biobank dataset. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Improving Cancer Risk Prediction for Prevention and Early ...
Source: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention - April 30, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Alajmi, K., Lophatananon, A., Muir, K. Tags: Improving Cancer Risk Prediction for Prevention and Early Detection: Poster Presentations - Proffered Abstracts Source Type: research

Abstract A16: Fibroadenomas on benign breast biopsy and subsequent breast cancer risk in an African American cohort
Conclusions: FA are negatively associated with other benign breast disease features. Risk of breast cancer may be reduced in women with FA compared to women with other types of benign lesions. These findings have important implications for modeling breast cancer risk particularly among AA women for whom FAs are common.Citation Format: Asra N. Shaik, Julie J. Ruterbusch, Eman Abdulfatah, Marcel T. Ghanim, MHD Fayez Daaboul, Visakha Pardeshi, Rouba Ali-Fehmi, Daniel W. Visscher, Sudeshna Bandyopadhyay, Michele L. Cote. Fibroadenomas on benign breast biopsy and subsequent breast cancer risk in an African American cohort. [abs...
Source: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention - April 30, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Shaik, A. N., Ruterbusch, J. J., Abdulfatah, E., Ghanim, M. T., Daaboul, M. F., Pardeshi, V., Ali-Fehmi, R., Visscher, D. W., Bandyopadhyay, S., Cote, M. L. Tags: Improving Cancer Risk Prediction for Prevention and Early Detection: Poster Presentations - Proffered Abstracts Source Type: research

Abstract PR15: Projecting individualized absolute risk of developing gastric cancer in Koreans
Conclusions: To our knowledge this is the first study to estimate the absolute risk of gastric cancer in Korean population. The mathematical models developed in the present study will help predict the occurrence of gastric cancer for an individual considering combined risk factors which will help at a personalized level by enabling early detection and preventive efforts. A further development of a model incorporating biomarkers can provide strategies to select individuals at high risk, for screening for gastric cancer.This abstract is also being presented as Poster B11.Citation Format: Minkyo Song, Jae Jeong Yang, Hyuna Su...
Source: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention - April 30, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Song, M., Yang, J. J., Sung, H., Kong, S.-H., Lee, H.-J., Kim, H.-H., Kim, S. G., Yang, H.-K., Sawada, N., Tsugane, S., Inoue, M., Kang, D. Tags: Improving Cancer Risk Prediction for Prevention and Early Detection: Oral Presentations - Proffered Abstracts Source Type: research