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Removal rate of 5-fluorouracil and its metabolites in patients on hemodialysis: a report of two cases of colorectal cancer patients with end-stage renal failure
ConclusionIn this study, 5FU and its metabolite FBAL were directly removed from the blood by approximately 90% during hemodialysis, and the blood levels of FBAL and FA were reduced by approximately 50% with a single hemodialysis session. (Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology)
Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology - August 22, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Clinical significance of KL-6 in immune-checkpoint inhibitor treatment for non-small cell lung cancer
ConclusionIn ICI monotherapy for NSCLC without IP, elevated serum KL-6 levels were associated with poorer outcomes. (Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology)
Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology - August 22, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

A clinical trial of zosuquidar plus gemtuzumab ozogamicin (GO) in relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia (RR AML): evidence of efficacy based on leukemic blast P-glycoprotein functional phenotype
ConclusionsZos plus GO elicited appreciable ORR for an elderly patient population with RR AML. The greater OS of the P-gp  + subgroup vs. the P-gp‒ subgroup suggests that patients with P-gp + leukemic blasts were being more effectively targeted by GO with Zos co-therapy. The poorer OS of the P-gp‒ subgroup suggests activity of Zos-insensitive multidrug resistant mechanisms.Clinical trials.gov identifierNCT00233909; First posted October 06, 2005. (Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology)
Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology - August 21, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Mirvetuximab soravtansine in ovarian cancer therapy: expert opinion on pharmacological considerations
This article summarizes the current pharmacological profile of mirvetuximab soravtansine and provides an expert opinion on pharmacological strategies for optimizing its safety and efficacy profile for the treatment of platinum-resistant ovarian cancer. (Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology)
Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology - August 18, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Chemotherapy periodization to maximize resistance training adaptations in oncology
ConclusionConsidering chemotherapy-induced side effects is a crucial aspect when prescribing resistance exercise during cancer, it will maximize the effectiveness of exercise in enhancing muscle mass and strength. (Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology)
Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology - August 15, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Mechanism of cisplatin resistance in gastric cancer and associated microRNAs
AbstractGastric cancer (GC) is a common malignant tumor with high morbidity and mortality rates that seriously affects human health worldwide. Although surgery is currently the preferred clinical treatment for GC, chemotherapy remains the first choice for perioperative treatment, adjuvant therapy, and palliative care for patients with advanced GC. Cisplatin (DDP) is an antineoplastic agent that has been used clinically for decades, and it is the first-line chemotherapy for many solid tumors. However, the therapeutic efficacy of DDP is often limited by resistance and the complexity of its resistance mechanisms, which involv...
Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology - August 3, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Pharmacokinetics, safety, tolerability, and feasibility of apatinib in combination with gefitinib in stage IIIB-IV EGFR-mutated non-squamous NSCLC: a drug-drug interaction study
ConclusionsApatinib pharmacokinetics parameters were not significantly changed when coadministered with gefitinib. All TEAEs were manageable, and there was no need to change the dose level when combining apatinib and gefitinib (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04390984, May 18, 2020). (Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology)
Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology - July 31, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Quantitative proteomics profiling reveals the inhibition of trastuzumab antitumor efficacy by phosphorylated RPS6 in gastric carcinoma
ConclusionsOur findings provide for the first time a detailed proteomics profile of current protein alterations in patients before anti-HER2 therapy and present a novel and optimal predictor for the response to trastuzumab treatment. HER2-positive GC patients with low expression of p-RPS6 are more likely to benefit from trastuzumab therapy than those with high expression. However, those with high expression of p-RPS6 may benefit from trastuzumab in combination with RPS6 phosphorylation inhibitors. (Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology)
Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology - July 28, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

An IQ consortium analysis of starting dose selection for oncology small molecule first-in-patient trials suggests an alternative NOAEL-based method can be safe while reducing time to the recommended phase 2 dose
AbstractThe first-in-patient (FIP) starting dose for oncology agents should be reasonably safe and provide potential therapeutic benefit to the patient. For late-stage oncology patients, this dose is often based on the ICH S9 guidance, which was developed primarily based on experience with cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agents using the rodent STD10 or non-rodent HNSTD and an appropriate safety factor. With the increase in molecularly targeted chemotherapeutics, it is prudent to re-evaluate how the FIP dose is derived to ensure that the appropriate balance between risk and therapeutic benefit to the patient is achieved. Blinde...
Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology - July 28, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Effects of polymorphisms in pregnane X receptor and ABC transporters on afatinib in Japanese patients with non-small cell lung cancer: pharmacogenomic –pharmacokinetic and exposure–response analysis
ConclusionsTheNR1I2 7635A allele was related to a lower afatinib CL/F. Based on the AUC of 689  ng h/mL and CL/F, the optimal doses for patients with theNR1I2 7635G/G genotype and 7635A allele were recommended to be set at 40 and 30  mg/day, respectively, and subsequent adjustment of the maintenance dose based on the plasma concentrations of afatinib may be necessary to avoid afatinib-related adverse events. (Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology)
Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology - July 27, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Anti-tumor effect of avadomide in gemcitabine-resistant pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
ConclusionOur findings suggest that avadomide could be a novel therapeutic option to overcome gemcitabine resistance in patients with PDAC. (Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology)
Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology - July 26, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Azithromycin inhibits glioblastoma angiogenesis in mice via inducing mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress
AbstractThe poor outcomes in glioblastoma (GBM) necessitate new treatments. As GBM is highly vascularized and its growth is largely dependent on angiogenesis, angiogenesis inhibitors have been hotly evaluated in clinical trials for GBM treatment for the last decade. In line with these efforts, our work reveals that azithromycin, a clinically available antibiotic, is a novel angiogenesis inhibitor. Azithromycin inhibits vessel structure formation on Matrigel of GBM-derived endothelial cell (ECs) and other types of ECs. Time course analysis shows that azithromycin interferes with the early stage of angiogenesis. Azithromycin...
Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology - July 24, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Clinical implications and chemo-sensitivity of adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with poorly cohesive cells-gastric cancer
ConclusionThe current study found that adjuvant chemotherapy was not significantly associated with survival benefit for patients with resected stage II and III PCC-GC. Plus, S-1 showed numerically longer DFS and OS compared to CAPOX in PCC-GC patients, although no significant in the multivariate analysis. (Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology)
Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology - July 22, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Application of physiologically based pharmacokinetics modeling in the research of small-molecule targeted anti-cancer drugs
ConclusionPBPK modeling is commonly and widely used to research small-molecule targeted anti-cancer drugs. (Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology)
Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology - July 19, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Effect of massive ascites on ramucirumab pharmacokinetics in patients with gastrointestinal cancers: a population pharmacokinetic analysis
ConclusionIn the present study, the presence of massive ascites affected the pharmacokinetics of ramucirumab in patients with gastrointestinal cancers. Our results suggest that dose optimization of ramucirumab may be necessary in patients with massive ascites due to higher ramucirumab clearance. (Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology)
Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology - July 17, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research