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The prevalence of end-of-life chemotherapy and targeted therapy in Japan, assessed using a health claims database
ConclusionsThis study provides insights into the current status of end-of-life chemotherapy and targeted therapy in Japan, using a large administrative claims database. The results of this study will inform future research on end-of-life chemotherapy and targeted therapy, and help develop strategies to improve the quality of life of patients with advanced cancer. (Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology)
Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology - May 8, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Comparative biochemical kinase activity analysis identifies rivoceranib as a highly selective VEGFR2 inhibitor
AbstractVascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), a key regulator of tumor angiogenesis, is highly expressed across numerous tumor types and has been an attractive target for anti-cancer therapy. However, clinical application of available VEGFR2 inhibitors has been challenged by limited efficacy and a wide range of side effects, potentially due to inadequate selectivity for VEGFR2. Thus, development of potent VEGFR2 inhibitors with improved selectivity is needed. Rivoceranib is an orally administered tyrosine kinase inhibitor that potently and selectively targets VEGFR2. A comparative understanding of the pot...
Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology - May 6, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Phase I study of the VEGF/Ang-2 inhibitor BI 836880 alone or combined with the anti-programmed cell death protein-1 antibody ezabenlimab in Japanese patients with advanced solid tumors
ConclusionMTD was not reached. BI 836880 alone and in combination with ezabenlimab had a manageable safety profile with preliminary clinical activity in Japanese patients with advanced solid tumors.Trial registration and dateNCT03972150, registered on June 3, 2019. (Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology)
Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology - May 4, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Associations of plasma aprepitant and its N-dealkylated metabolite with cachexia status and clinical responses in head and neck cancer patients
ConclusionCancer patients with a lower serum albumin and progressive cachectic condition had a higher plasma aprepitant level. In contrast, plasma free ND-AP but not aprepitant was related to the antiemetic efficacy of oral aprepitant. (Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology)
Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology - May 4, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Rituximab biosimilar for the treatment of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: a phase 3 randomized study in India
ConclusionThe study demonstrated the biosimilarity between the biosimilar rituximab and the reference rituximab. Our biosimilar rituximab could add to the cost-effective treatment alternatives for patients with DLBCL in India. (Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology)
Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology - April 24, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Plasma endothelin-1 may predict bevacizumab-induced proteinuria in patients with colorectal cancer
ConclusionIn conclusion, higher plasma ET-1 levels before treatment might increase the risk of proteinuria in colorectal cancer patients treated with bevacizumab. This might have important implications in the early detection of the risk of proteinuria. (Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology)
Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology - April 10, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

A PK-PD model linking biomarker dynamics to progression-free survival in patients treated with everolimus and sorafenib combination therapy, EVESOR phase I trial
ConclusionSorafenib 200  mg bid 5 days-on/2 days-off + everolimus 5 mg qd continuous was selected for an additional arm of EVESOR trial to evaluate whether this simulated schedule is associated with higher clinical benefit.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01932177. (Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology)
Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology - April 3, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

The novel anti-cancer fluoropyrimidine NUC-3373 is a potent inhibitor of thymidylate synthase and an effective DNA-damaging agent
ConclusionTaken together, these results highlight key differences between NUC-3373 and 5-FU that are driven by the anti-cancer metabolites generated. NUC-3373 is a potent inhibitor of TS that also causes DNA-directed damage. These data support the preliminary clinical evidence that suggest NUC-3373 has a favorable safety profile in patients. (Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology)
Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology - March 31, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Cardioprotective potential of mitochondria-targeted antioxidant, mito-TEMPO, in 5-fluorouracil-induced cardiotoxicity
ConclusionMito-TEMPO effectively mitigated 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity by modulating mitochondrial oxidative stress, hence may serve as a protective agent/adjuvant in 5-FU-based combinatorial chemotherapy. (Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology)
Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology - March 30, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Synergistic action of lactoferrin in enhancing the safety and effectiveness of docetaxel treatment against prostate cancer
ConclusionIn conclusion, DTX-LfNPs enhance the bioavailability of DTX in the prostate along with Lf-assisted improvement in inhibition of tumor metastasis and drug-associated toxicity. (Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology)
Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology - March 29, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Correction to: A phase I, first-in-human study of TAK-164, an antibody –drug conjugate, in patients with advanced gastrointestinal cancers expressing guanylyl cyclase C
(Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology)
Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology - March 26, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Progressive erythrocytosis under lenvatinib treatment in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma
ConclusionThis report documents the frequent occurrence of erythrocytosis during lenvatinib treatment for advanced HCC, likely secondary to EPO secretion by tumor cells through the antiangiogenic activity levatinib. An early and close monitoring of hematologic parameters is, thus, recommended, together with thromboprophylaxis by low-dose aspirin and phlebotomy in case of symptomatic erythrocytosis. (Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology)
Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology - March 24, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

A three-marker signature identifies senescence in human breast cancer exposed to neoadjuvant chemotherapy
ConclusionsCollectively, our study shows a more individualized approach to measure TIS hallmarks in matched breast cancer samples and provides an estimation of the extent of TIS in breast cancer clinically. Results from this work should be complemented with more comprehensive identification approaches of TIS in clinical samples in order to adopt a more careful implementation of senolytics in cancer treatment. (Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology)
Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology - March 24, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Impact of pre-hydration duration on high-dose methotrexate induced nephrotoxicity in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in resource constraint centers: a randomized crossover study
ConclusionReduction of pre-hydration duration does not affect HD-MTX induced nephrotoxicity and MTX36 levels in children<  12 years. (Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology)
Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology - March 23, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Exposure –response analyses of BRAF- and MEK-inhibitors dabrafenib plus trametinib in melanoma patients
ConclusionsOverall survival of metastasized melanoma patients with trametinib Cmin levels  ≥ 15.6 ng/mL is ten months longer compared to patients with Cmin below this threshold. This would theoretically provide a rationale for therapeutic drug monitoring of trametinib. Although a high proportion of patients are underexposed, there is very little scope for dose increments due to the risk of serious toxicity. (Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology)
Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology - March 22, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research