Non-inferiority clinical trials: importance and applications in health sciences
Abstract Non-inferiority randomized clinical trials are indicated when it is intended to prove that an experimental group is not inferior to a control group by more than a margin of non-inferiority. However, this type of study differs from traditional randomized clinical trials (superiority studies) because they have particularities that impact on the formulation of hypothesis to be tested, experimental design (non-inferiority margin determination, adapted sample size calculation, sensitivity of the study and data final analysis) and also on the presentation of data when writing the manuscript. Therefore, this article aims...
Source: Brazilian Oral Research - August 12, 2020 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Challenges of clinical research in dentistry
(Source: Brazilian Oral Research)
Source: Brazilian Oral Research - August 12, 2020 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Periodontal disease and its impact on general health in Latin America: LAOHA Consensus Meeting Report
Abstract: Periodontal diseases are considered a worldwide public health problem, owing to their high prevalence in developed and developing countries. Periodontitis may lead to tooth loss, which can impact oral health-related quality of life. Gingivitis and periodontitis have been extensively studied regarding their etiopathogenesis, epidemiology, prevention and treatment outcomes. However, most of these aspects are studied and discussed globally, which may hamper a clear interpretation of the findings and the design of effective plans of action for specific regions or populations. For example, in Latin America, epidemiolo...
Source: Brazilian Oral Research - April 10, 2020 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Periodontal disease and its impact on general health in Latin America. Section V: Treatment of periodontitis
Abstract: Gingivitis and periodontitis are associated with a negative impact on Oral Health Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL), exerting a significant influence on aspects related to the patients' function and esthetics. Periodontitis has been associated with several systemic conditions, including adverse pregnancy outcomes, cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), respiratory disorders, fatal pneumonia in hemodialysis patients, chronic renal disease and metabolic syndrome. The aim of this paper was to review the results of different periodontal treatments and their impacts on patients' OHRQoL and systemic hea...
Source: Brazilian Oral Research - April 10, 2020 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Strategies for the prevention of periodontal disease and its impact on general health in Latin America. Section III: Prevention
In conclusion, the relations between periodontal diseases, caries, healthy lifestyles and NCD's offer an ideal opportunity to change Latin American prevention strategies at both the individual level and population levels. (Source: Brazilian Oral Research)
Source: Brazilian Oral Research - April 10, 2020 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Periodontal disease and its impact on general health in Latin America. Section I: Introduction part I
Abstract: A high level of general and oral health are invaluable assets, a factor not always considered a basic human right for their better life quality. The mouth is a critical point of contact with the external environment, which is established when we talk, chew, swallow and when food digestion begins. From a perspective of the human condition, the mouth is crucial for the integration of sound, social appearance of the individual, and is one of the fundamental components of overall health. Therefore, not having an adequate level of oral health affects self-esteem, quality of life and people's general well-being. (Sourc...
Source: Brazilian Oral Research - April 10, 2020 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Periodontal disease and its impact on general health in Latin America. Section II: Introduction part II
Abstract: The epidemiological data on gingivitis and periodontitis in Latin America are scarce, as the majority of the Latin American studies have analyzed probing depth instead of clinical attachment loss. Reported data have shown high variations in results between different Latin American countries, with the main causes of these differences being the clinical case definition and methodological strategies used. In general, data have revealed that the prevalence of periodontal disease is higher in Latin Americans than in populations in the USA or Europe. Regarding its relations with other diseases and conditions, some Lati...
Source: Brazilian Oral Research - April 10, 2020 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Periodontal disease and its impact on general health in Latin America. Section IV: Diagnosis
Abstract: The art of diagnosis is of great importance in the management of any disease. This includes preventive and therapeutic strategies. To make an accurate and effective diagnosis, knowledge about the health-disease process is fundamental. This paper reviews the important aspects for periodontal diagnosis in a contemporary approach, and endeavors to establish challenges for improving periodontal diagnosis, especially in Latin America. Considering that contemporary periodontal diagnosis should be based on knowledge of the etiopathogenesis of periodontal diseases, this paper highlights that the recently proposed classif...
Source: Brazilian Oral Research - April 10, 2020 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Periodontal disease and its impact in Latin America
(Source: Brazilian Oral Research)
Source: Brazilian Oral Research - April 10, 2020 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Phenotype changes of oral epithelial stem cells after in vitro culture
Abstract The aim of our study was to isolate populations of keratinocyte stem cells based on the expression of cell surface markers and to investigate whether the culture could affect their phenotype. keratinocytes from human oral mucosa were sorted based on the expression of the epithelial stem cell markers p75NTR and CD71. We also examined the co-expression of other epithelial stem markers such as integrins β 1 and α 6 and their stem cell-like proprieties in in vitro assays. Three passages after being sorted by MACS, more than 93% of the p75NTR+ve cells lost the expression of p75NTR, while 5.46% of the p75NTR-ve gained...
Source: Brazilian Oral Research - April 6, 2020 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Advanced carcinoma of the oropharynx: survival analysis comparing two treatment modalities
The objective of the present study was to evaluate overall and disease-free survival rates of patients with advanced oropharynx squamous cell carcinoma, comparing surgery + radiotherapy with chemotherapy + radiotherapy. Medical records of patients were reviewed. Previously treated tumors were excluded. Clinical, demographic and microscopic information was collected, and p16 staining was performed. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were plotted. Forty-seven cases were included, 41 men and 6 women, having a mean age of 56.3 years. Most patients were smokers (85.1%) and consumed alcohol (74.5%). Patients were stage III (21.3%) or ...
Source: Brazilian Oral Research - April 6, 2020 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Systematic review of the effect of probiotics on experimental gingivitis in humans
Abstract: Probiotic therapy is a viable alternative to chlorhexidine, a widely used antiseptic in dentistry that produces significant adverse effects. This systematic review aimed to analyze the effects of probiotics on experimental gingivitis in humans. Two independent reviewers conducted a comprehensive literature search until March 2019. Randomized clinical trials and controlled clinical trials were selected. Outcome data were extracted and critically analyzed. A total of five articles were included in the qualitative synthesis. No meta-analysis could be conducted due to the heterogeneity of the selected studies. The us...
Source: Brazilian Oral Research - March 31, 2020 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Upregulation of IL-10 expression inhibits the proliferation of human periodontal ligament stem cells
This study aimed to investigate the involvement of microRNA-466l in periodontitis and to explore the possible interaction between IL-10 and microRNA-466l. PDLSCs were obtained from periodontitis-affected teeth and healthy control teeth. The expression of microRNA-466l and IL-10 mRNA was measured in PDLSCs using RT-qPCR. The proliferation ability of PDLSCs was analyzed using CCK-8 assays. Overexpression of microRNA-466l in a PDLSC cell line was established using two different types of PDLSCs, and the effect of microRNA-466l overexpression on IL-10 expression and cell proliferation were detected by western blot and CCK-8 ass...
Source: Brazilian Oral Research - March 27, 2020 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Access to oral healthcare services of adolescents of a large-size municipality in northeastern Brazil
In conclusion, the access to oral healthcare services reported by adolescents was good, but there is still a considerable part of this population with no access. Variables that presented significant associated with dental services were gender and toothache history, but only gender remained significant in the multivariate model. (Source: Brazilian Oral Research)
Source: Brazilian Oral Research - March 27, 2020 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Effect of ethanol-wet bonding on porosity and retention of fiberglass post to root dentin
Abstract: This in vitro study aimed to assess the effects of different pretreatments used to adapt glass-fiber posts cemented to root canals with different resin cements, regarding porosity percentage and bond strength. Twelve bovine incisor roots were prepared with Largo drills. After post space preparation, the specimens were randomized into two types of pretreatment groups (n = 3): water-wet bonding and ethanol-wet bonding. After the post were cemented, the roots were stored in 100% humidity at room temperature for 7 days. The samples were scanned by microcomputed tomography (micro-CT). Images were reconstructed by NRec...
Source: Brazilian Oral Research - March 27, 2020 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
