Altitudinal distribution and body condition of migratory fish juveniles Megaleporinus obtusidens (Valenciennes) and Salminus brasiliensis (Cuvier) in the main channel of the Uruguay River, Southern Brazil
In this study, we analyzed the altitudinal distribution and body condition of the juvenile migratory fish Megaleporinus obtusidens and Salminus brasiliensis in the Uruguay River, a South American subtropical river. We used the presence/absence data and condition factor (K) of juveniles as indicators to try to characterize some recruitment patterns of migratory fish in the main channel of the Uruguay River. Gillnet sampling was conducted during two reproductive years, 2015-2016 and 2016-2017 (November and March of each reproductive year), in three Uruguay River stretches at different levels of altitude. The nets remained in...
Source: Braz J Biol - February 29, 2024 Category: Biology Authors: C E Mounic-Silva L S B Porto-Ferreira M E Nunes E Zaniboni-Filho A P O Nu ñer Source Type: research

The exploitation of resources by Trigona spinipes bee (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponinae) in Eucalyptus cloeziana (Myrtaceae) trees in an integrated crop-livestock-forest system
Braz J Biol. 2024 Feb 26;84:e277025. doi: 10.1590/1519-6984.277025. eCollection 2024.NO ABSTRACTPMID:38422284 | DOI:10.1590/1519-6984.277025 (Source: Braz J Biol)
Source: Braz J Biol - February 29, 2024 Category: Biology Authors: D L A Barbosa M L R Oliveira S L Assis J únior A R Rech M A Soares A C Almeida E A Ferreira L A Fraz ão Source Type: research

Protecting spring wheat plants using selenium and pesticides
Braz J Biol. 2024 Feb 26;84:e277470. doi: 10.1590/1519-6984.277470. eCollection 2024.ABSTRACTThe research was carried out in order to find ways to optimize the system of protection of spring wheat crops. In the conducted studies, the effect of combinations of sodium selenite and various pesticides, differing in the specifics of action and biological activity, on the yield and quality of spring wheat of the Yubileinaya 80 variety was studied. Currently, there is a need to achieve a sufficient effect of the action of chemical plant protection products and to obtain a minimum impact on human health and the environment. The pu...
Source: Braz J Biol - February 29, 2024 Category: Biology Authors: I I Seregina Source Type: research

Assessment of Babesia spp. prevalence in various domestic animals across Southern Punjab, Pakistan
This study, conducted in Southern Punjab, Pakistan, aimed to assess the prevalence of Babesia spp. across various livestock species using microscopic and PCR methods. A total of 180 blood samples (60 from each district) were systematically collected from apparently healthy animals, with 36 samples obtained from each domestic animal species, including camel, cattle, buffalo, goat, and sheep, noting that 12 samples were collected from each district for each animal species. Overall prevalence was determined to be 32.8% (59/180), with varying rates among species: 25.0% in cattle, 41.66% in buffalo, 30.55% in goats, 33.3% in sh...
Source: Braz J Biol - February 29, 2024 Category: Biology Authors: M Tariq F Badshah N U Khan M I Zafar P R De Los R íos-Escalante E Ib áñez-Arancibia S Mehnaz M Mubashir M S Khan M S Khan N Rafiq N Shaheen S Saeed M Ben Said Source Type: research

Yield and centesimal characterization of collagen extracted from the skin of peacock bass Cichla monoculus
Braz J Biol. 2024 Feb 26;84:e277637. doi: 10.1590/1519-6984.277637. eCollection 2024.ABSTRACTFish processing provides waste of around 50.0% to 70.0% of the animal's initial weight, especially the skin. Thus, this residue contains the by-product that allows biopolymers to be obtained, highlighting collagen, which can be widely used in different areas. The present study aimed to evaluate the yield of collagen extracted from peacock bass Cichla monoculus skin and to characterize them physicochemically. Twenty-five peacock bass with an average weight of 646 ± 175 g were used. The skin samples were removed by manual filleting ...
Source: Braz J Biol - February 29, 2024 Category: Biology Authors: T C N óbrega C C Guimar ães A A Barai L S Mour ão P R Oliveira A J Inhamuns A T Oliveira Source Type: research

Effect of cationic surfactant on the physicochemical and antibacterial properties of colloidal systems (emulsions and microemulsions)
In this study, we investigated the effect of cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) on the physicochemical properties and antimicrobial activity of oil-in-water colloidal systems containing tea tree oil (TTO) and the nonionic surfactant polysorbate 80. Our main aim was to evaluate whether CPC could improve the antimicrobial activity of TTO, since this activity is impaired when this essential oil is encapsulated with polysorbate 80. These systems were prepared with different amounts of TTO (0-0.5% w/w) and CPC (0-0.5% w/w), at a final concentration of 2% (w/w) polysorbate 80. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) results revealed the form...
Source: Braz J Biol - February 29, 2024 Category: Biology Authors: M K D Rambo R F Lins F L N Silva A Alonso M C D Rambo J E C Leal D de Sousa-Neto Source Type: research

Disclosure of genetic diversity of mackerel fish (Scomberomorus spp.) in Indonesian waters based on the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit II (COII) gene
In conclusion, Indonesian waters harbor diverse genetic variations within Scomberomorus spp., and population relationships based on the mtDNA COII gene exhibit notable complexities. Future research endeavors should focus on further elucidating the diversity and relationships among Scomberomorus spp. in diverse Indonesian populations.PMID:38422289 | DOI:10.1590/1519-6984.278322 (Source: Braz J Biol)
Source: Braz J Biol - February 29, 2024 Category: Biology Authors: R Widayanti J B Limiano R P Sari S D L S Nugroho A Ibrahim S Pakpahan None Nurjirana Source Type: research

Morpho-anatomical characterization and DNA barcoding of Artemesia vulgaris L
This study aims to identify A. vulgaris both in terms of descriptive morpho-anatomy and DNA barcoding using BLAST and phylogenetic tree reconstruction. The morpho-anatomical character was observed on root, stem, and leaf. DNA barcoding analysis was carried out through amplification and alignment of the rbcL and matK genes. All studies were conducted on three samples from Taman Husada (Medicinal Plant Garden) Graha Famili Surabaya, Indonesia. The anatomical slide was prepared by the paraffin method. Morphological studies revealed that the leaves of A. vulgaris both on the lower-middle part and on the upper part of the stem ...
Source: Braz J Biol - February 29, 2024 Category: Biology Authors: D K Wahyuni D T Indriati M Ilham A A A Murtadlo H Purnobasuki None Junairiah P R Purnama N K K Ikram M Z Samian S Subramaniam Source Type: research

Genetic diversity based on multivariate techniques in elephant grass genotypes for bioenergy
Braz J Biol. 2024 Feb 26;84:e278601. doi: 10.1590/1519-6984.278601. eCollection 2024.ABSTRACTThe use of biomass for energy production constitutes a promising strategy that warrants the search for new sources of biomass. Elephant grass has been gaining notoriety due to its high dry matter yield and rapid growth. The present study was carried out to quantify the genetic divergence of nine elephant grass half-sib families in order to identify genotypes with greater genetic divergence and productive potential for hybridization, using the hierarchical clustering methodology based on principal components. Half-sib families were ...
Source: Braz J Biol - February 29, 2024 Category: Biology Authors: A K F Vidal R F Daher R S Freitas J G S Santana W F Stida M Ambr ósio V B Silva A G Souza M R Nascimento R M Santos C L Leite J E C Farias Source Type: research

Immunohistochemical expression of vimentin, E-cadherin, and CD45 in natural cases of canine cutaneous round tumors
In conclusion, the canine transmissible venereal tumor was the most frequent form of round cell tumor; thus, a definitive cutaneous neoplasm diagnosis should be based on histopathological morphology and immunohistochemical findings.PMID:38422292 | DOI:10.1590/1519-6984.278769 (Source: Braz J Biol)
Source: Braz J Biol - February 29, 2024 Category: Biology Authors: S S Oda M F Tawfik S I Othman H A Rudayni A A Allam A F Khafaga Source Type: research

Inheritance of breeding traits in Karakul sheep under different selection approaches
Braz J Biol. 2024 Feb 26;84:e278810. doi: 10.1590/1519-6984.278810. eCollection 2024.ABSTRACTIn the previous century, each intrabreed type of the Karakul sheep breed was characterized by significant numbers, representing a super population with rich genetic diversity. However, over time, the genetic diversity within the breed's gene pool has undergone significant depletion. At present, the Karakul breed is predominantly composed of only two small populations, distinguished by their fur colors: black and gray. Consequently, under such circumstances, genetic advancements in breeding endeavors are likely to be relatively limi...
Source: Braz J Biol - February 29, 2024 Category: Biology Authors: Zh Parzhanov N Azhimetov Ye Kistaubayev K Tlegenova Z Yussupbayev Source Type: research

Correlative variation of economically valuable traits in South Kazakh Merino
The objective of our research was to investigate the correlative variability of key economically valuable traits that characterize the overall functional state of sheep organisms under varying environmental conditions. The study was conducted at the "Sharbulak" breeding farms and the "Samat" peasant farms in the Kazygurt district of the Turkestan region. Our findings reveal that one-year-old rams surpass ewes in terms of live weight by 32-37% and in terms of unwashed wool shearing by 21-23%. Two-year-old rams outperform ewes in live weight by 2.15-2.17 times and in unwashed wool shearing by 2.38-2.44 times. The highest phe...
Source: Braz J Biol - February 29, 2024 Category: Biology Authors: B Kulzhanova A Ombayev N Azhimetov Zh Parzhanov K Khamzin N Yegemkulov Source Type: research

Exploring of pyrazinamidase recombinant activity from PZA-sensitive and resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3)
Braz J Biol. 2024 Feb 26;84:e278911. doi: 10.1590/1519-6984.278911. eCollection 2024.ABSTRACTThe mutations of pncA gene encoding pyrazinamidase/PZase in Mycobacterium tuberculosis are often associated with pyrazinamide/PZA resistance. The H and R1 isolates showed significant phenotypic differences to PZA. The H isolate was PZA sensitive, but R1 was PZA resistant up to 100 ug/ml. The paper reports the pncA profile for both isolates and the activity of their protein expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3). The 0.6 kb of each pncA genes have been subcloned successfully into the 5.4 kb pET30a vector and formed the pET30a-pncA ...
Source: Braz J Biol - February 29, 2024 Category: Biology Authors: P Purkan S Hadi W Retnowati S Sumarsih D K Wahyuni B Piluharto T M Panjaitan C Ifada A Nadila B A Nabilah Source Type: research

Morphometry and morphology of fish otoliths on the coast of the state of Maranh ão, Brazil
Braz J Biol. 2024 Feb 26;84:e279163. doi: 10.1590/1519-6984.279163. eCollection 2024.ABSTRACTThe main objective of this study was to evaluate the biometric relationships between the species Bagre bagre, Lutjanus synagris and Nebris microps and their otoliths. The relationship between the size of the otolith (length and weight) and the size of the fish (standard length and total weight) was determined using the linear regression model (y = a + bx). For the morphological description, the otoliths of three specimens were selected by standard length class (10mm). The morphological characters analyzed were chosen according to t...
Source: Braz J Biol - February 29, 2024 Category: Biology Authors: K F S Santos L N Silva N B A Silva J F F Fernandes A V S Garcia M B Figueiredo Source Type: research

Diversity of Anastrepha spp. (Diptera: Tephritidae) in the Chaco Biome
In this study, we surveyed the existing Anastrepha species in the Brazilian Chaco Biome. We evaluated possible influences of climate and vegetation on the occurrence of Anastrepha spp. For this, we used traps and hydrolyzed protein as bait. Collections were carried out in three distinct floristic compositions in the Chaco biome, from permanently dry areas to flooded sites. We identified Anastrepha fraterculus (Wiedemann, 1830), A. sororcula Zucchi 1979, A. undosa Stone 1942, and A. daciformis Bezzi 1909. The dry and flooded environment did not influence the occurrence of Anastrepha species. The presence of multiple hosts i...
Source: Braz J Biol - February 29, 2024 Category: Biology Authors: J Q A Lima M A Uchoa J Nic ácio F R M Garcia Source Type: research