Structure-function relationship of the pituitary gland in anorexia nervosa and intense physical activity
Brain Struct Funct. 2023 Dec 8. doi: 10.1007/s00429-023-02739-3. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPatients with Anorexia Nervosa (AN) and athletes share intense physical activity and pituitary hormonal disturbances related to absolute (AN) or relative (athletes) undernutrition. Pituitary gland (PG) structure evaluations in those conditions are scarce, and did not differentiate anterior from posterior lobe. We evaluated the structure-function relationship of anterior and posterior PG in AN and athletes, and potential reversibility of this alteration in a group of weight-recovered patients (AN_Rec). Manual delineation of anteri...
Source: Brain Structure and Function - December 7, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Manel Merabet Natacha Germain J érôme Redouté Claire Boutet Nicolas Costes Maurice Ptito Bogdan Galusca Fabien C Schneider Source Type: research

Induction of excitatory brain state governs plastic functional changes in visual cortical topology
Brain Struct Funct. 2023 Dec 2. doi: 10.1007/s00429-023-02730-y. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAdult visual plasticity underlying local remodeling of the cortical circuitry in vivo appears to be associated with a spatiotemporal pattern of strongly increased spontaneous and evoked activity of populations of cells. Here we review and discuss pioneering work by us and others about principles of plasticity in the adult visual cortex, starting with our study which showed that a confined lesion in the cat retina causes increased excitability in the affected region in the primary visual cortex accompanied by fine-tuned restructur...
Source: Brain Structure and Function - December 2, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Ulf T Eysel Dirk Jancke Source Type: research

Induction of excitatory brain state governs plastic functional changes in visual cortical topology
Brain Struct Funct. 2023 Dec 2. doi: 10.1007/s00429-023-02730-y. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAdult visual plasticity underlying local remodeling of the cortical circuitry in vivo appears to be associated with a spatiotemporal pattern of strongly increased spontaneous and evoked activity of populations of cells. Here we review and discuss pioneering work by us and others about principles of plasticity in the adult visual cortex, starting with our study which showed that a confined lesion in the cat retina causes increased excitability in the affected region in the primary visual cortex accompanied by fine-tuned restructur...
Source: Brain Structure and Function - December 2, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Ulf T Eysel Dirk Jancke Source Type: research

Induction of excitatory brain state governs plastic functional changes in visual cortical topology
Brain Struct Funct. 2023 Dec 2. doi: 10.1007/s00429-023-02730-y. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAdult visual plasticity underlying local remodeling of the cortical circuitry in vivo appears to be associated with a spatiotemporal pattern of strongly increased spontaneous and evoked activity of populations of cells. Here we review and discuss pioneering work by us and others about principles of plasticity in the adult visual cortex, starting with our study which showed that a confined lesion in the cat retina causes increased excitability in the affected region in the primary visual cortex accompanied by fine-tuned restructur...
Source: Brain Structure and Function - December 2, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Ulf T Eysel Dirk Jancke Source Type: research

Induction of excitatory brain state governs plastic functional changes in visual cortical topology
Brain Struct Funct. 2023 Dec 2. doi: 10.1007/s00429-023-02730-y. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAdult visual plasticity underlying local remodeling of the cortical circuitry in vivo appears to be associated with a spatiotemporal pattern of strongly increased spontaneous and evoked activity of populations of cells. Here we review and discuss pioneering work by us and others about principles of plasticity in the adult visual cortex, starting with our study which showed that a confined lesion in the cat retina causes increased excitability in the affected region in the primary visual cortex accompanied by fine-tuned restructur...
Source: Brain Structure and Function - December 2, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Ulf T Eysel Dirk Jancke Source Type: research

Induction of excitatory brain state governs plastic functional changes in visual cortical topology
Brain Struct Funct. 2023 Dec 2. doi: 10.1007/s00429-023-02730-y. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAdult visual plasticity underlying local remodeling of the cortical circuitry in vivo appears to be associated with a spatiotemporal pattern of strongly increased spontaneous and evoked activity of populations of cells. Here we review and discuss pioneering work by us and others about principles of plasticity in the adult visual cortex, starting with our study which showed that a confined lesion in the cat retina causes increased excitability in the affected region in the primary visual cortex accompanied by fine-tuned restructur...
Source: Brain Structure and Function - December 2, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Ulf T Eysel Dirk Jancke Source Type: research

Relative contribution of lateral vestibular neuron and abducens internuclear neuron inputs to the discharge activity of medial rectus motoneurons
Brain Struct Funct. 2023 Nov 30. doi: 10.1007/s00429-023-02736-6. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTMedial rectus motoneurons mediate nasally directed horizontal eye movements. These motoneurons receive two major excitatory inputs, from the abducens internuclear neurons (ABD Ints) and neurons of the lateral vestibular nucleus whose axons course through the ascending tract of Deiters (ATD). In the present work, we have recorded in the alert chronic cat preparation the discharge activity of these two premotor neurons simultaneously with eye movements, to discern their relative contribution to the firing pattern of medial rectus ...
Source: Brain Structure and Function - November 30, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Rosendo G Hern ández Beatriz Ben ítez-Temiño Rosa R de la Cruz Angel M Pastor Source Type: research

Relative contribution of lateral vestibular neuron and abducens internuclear neuron inputs to the discharge activity of medial rectus motoneurons
Brain Struct Funct. 2023 Nov 30. doi: 10.1007/s00429-023-02736-6. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTMedial rectus motoneurons mediate nasally directed horizontal eye movements. These motoneurons receive two major excitatory inputs, from the abducens internuclear neurons (ABD Ints) and neurons of the lateral vestibular nucleus whose axons course through the ascending tract of Deiters (ATD). In the present work, we have recorded in the alert chronic cat preparation the discharge activity of these two premotor neurons simultaneously with eye movements, to discern their relative contribution to the firing pattern of medial rectus ...
Source: Brain Structure and Function - November 30, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Rosendo G Hern ández Beatriz Ben ítez-Temiño Rosa R de la Cruz Angel M Pastor Source Type: research

Should one go for individual- or group-level brain parcellations? A deep-phenotyping benchmark
Brain Struct Funct. 2023 Nov 27. doi: 10.1007/s00429-023-02723-x. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe analysis and understanding of brain characteristics often require considering region-level information rather than voxel-sampled data. Subject-specific parcellations have been put forward in recent years, as they can adapt to individual brain organization and thus offer more accurate individual summaries than standard atlases. However, the price to pay for adaptability is the lack of group-level consistency of the data representation. Here, we investigate whether the good representations brought by individualized models are ...
Source: Brain Structure and Function - November 27, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Bertrand Thirion Himanshu Aggarwal Ana Fernanda Ponce Ana Lu ísa Pinho Alexis Thual Source Type: research

Should one go for individual- or group-level brain parcellations? A deep-phenotyping benchmark
Brain Struct Funct. 2023 Nov 27. doi: 10.1007/s00429-023-02723-x. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe analysis and understanding of brain characteristics often require considering region-level information rather than voxel-sampled data. Subject-specific parcellations have been put forward in recent years, as they can adapt to individual brain organization and thus offer more accurate individual summaries than standard atlases. However, the price to pay for adaptability is the lack of group-level consistency of the data representation. Here, we investigate whether the good representations brought by individualized models are ...
Source: Brain Structure and Function - November 27, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Bertrand Thirion Himanshu Aggarwal Ana Fernanda Ponce Ana Lu ísa Pinho Alexis Thual Source Type: research

Should one go for individual- or group-level brain parcellations? A deep-phenotyping benchmark
Brain Struct Funct. 2023 Nov 27. doi: 10.1007/s00429-023-02723-x. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe analysis and understanding of brain characteristics often require considering region-level information rather than voxel-sampled data. Subject-specific parcellations have been put forward in recent years, as they can adapt to individual brain organization and thus offer more accurate individual summaries than standard atlases. However, the price to pay for adaptability is the lack of group-level consistency of the data representation. Here, we investigate whether the good representations brought by individualized models are ...
Source: Brain Structure and Function - November 27, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Bertrand Thirion Himanshu Aggarwal Ana Fernanda Ponce Ana Lu ísa Pinho Alexis Thual Source Type: research

Selective vulnerability of motor neuron types and functional groups to degeneration in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: review of the neurobiological mechanisms and functional correlates
Brain Struct Funct. 2023 Nov 24. doi: 10.1007/s00429-023-02728-6. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative condition characterised by a progressive loss of motor neurons controlling voluntary muscle activity. The disease manifests through a variety of motor dysfunctions related to the extent of damage and loss of neurons at different anatomical locations. Despite extensive research, it remains unclear why some motor neurons are especially susceptible to the disease, while others are affected less or even spared. In this article, we review the neurobiological mechanisms,...
Source: Brain Structure and Function - November 24, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Saak V Ovsepian Valerie B O'Leary Salvador Martinez Source Type: research

Selective vulnerability of motor neuron types and functional groups to degeneration in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: review of the neurobiological mechanisms and functional correlates
Brain Struct Funct. 2023 Nov 24. doi: 10.1007/s00429-023-02728-6. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative condition characterised by a progressive loss of motor neurons controlling voluntary muscle activity. The disease manifests through a variety of motor dysfunctions related to the extent of damage and loss of neurons at different anatomical locations. Despite extensive research, it remains unclear why some motor neurons are especially susceptible to the disease, while others are affected less or even spared. In this article, we review the neurobiological mechanisms,...
Source: Brain Structure and Function - November 24, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Saak V Ovsepian Valerie B O'Leary Salvador Martinez Source Type: research

Selective vulnerability of motor neuron types and functional groups to degeneration in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: review of the neurobiological mechanisms and functional correlates
Brain Struct Funct. 2023 Nov 24. doi: 10.1007/s00429-023-02728-6. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative condition characterised by a progressive loss of motor neurons controlling voluntary muscle activity. The disease manifests through a variety of motor dysfunctions related to the extent of damage and loss of neurons at different anatomical locations. Despite extensive research, it remains unclear why some motor neurons are especially susceptible to the disease, while others are affected less or even spared. In this article, we review the neurobiological mechanisms,...
Source: Brain Structure and Function - November 24, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Saak V Ovsepian Valerie B O'Leary Salvador Martinez Source Type: research

Childhood development of brain white matter myelin: a longitudinal T1w/T2w-ratio study
Brain Struct Funct. 2023 Nov 20. doi: 10.1007/s00429-023-02718-8. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTMyelination of human brain white matter (WM) continues into adulthood following birth, facilitating connection within and between brain networks. In vivo MRI studies using diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) suggest microstructural properties of brain WM increase over childhood and adolescence. Although DWI metrics, such as fractional anisotropy (FA), could reflect axonal myelination, they are not specific to myelin and could also represent other elements of WM microstructure, for example, fibre architecture, axon diameter and cell...
Source: Brain Structure and Function - November 20, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Lillian M Dipnall Joseph Y M Yang Jian Chen Ian Fuelscher Jeffrey M Craig Timothy J Silk Source Type: research