Entorhinal cortex astrocytic atrophy in human frontotemporal dementia
This study evidences the importance of astrocyte atrophy and dysfunction in human EC. We hypothesise that FTD is not only a neuropathological disease, but also a gliopathological disease having a major relevance in the understanding the astrocyte role in FTD pathological processes and development.PMID:38308043 | DOI:10.1007/s00429-024-02763-x (Source: Brain Structure and Function)
Source: Brain Structure and Function - February 2, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: J J Rodr íguez F Zallo E Gardenal J Cabot X Busquets Source Type: research

Local gradient analysis of human brain function using the Vogt-Bailey Index
Brain Struct Funct. 2024 Jan 31. doi: 10.1007/s00429-023-02751-7. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTIn this work, we take a closer look at the Vogt-Bailey (VB) index, proposed in Bajada et al. (NeuroImage 221:117140, 2020) as a tool for studying local functional homogeneity in the human cortex. We interpret the VB index in terms of the minimum ratio cut, a scaled cut-set weight that indicates whether a network can easily be disconnected into two parts having a comparable number of nodes. In our case, the nodes of the network consist of a brain vertex/voxel and its neighbours, and a given edge is weighted according to the affin...
Source: Brain Structure and Function - January 31, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Christine Farrugia Paola Galdi Irati Arenzana Irazu Kenneth Scerri Claude J Bajada Source Type: research

Transient expression of heavy-chain neurofilaments in the perigeniculate nucleus of cats
This study focused on the postnatal development of the PGN in cats, using the SMI-32 antibody, which recognizes non-phosphorylated heavy-chain neurofilaments responsible for neuronal structural maturation and is also used as a marker for motion processing, or Y, stream. We questioned whether transient neuronal populations exist in the PGN and can they possibly be related to the Y processing stream. We uncovered a transient, robust SMI-32 staining in the PGN of kittens aged 0-34 days with the significant decline in the cellular density of labeled cells in older animals. According to the double-labeling, in all examined age ...
Source: Brain Structure and Function - January 24, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Natalia Merkulyeva Aleksandr Mikhalkin Source Type: research

The superior colliculus projection upon the macaque inferior olive
Brain Struct Funct. 2024 Jan 19. doi: 10.1007/s00429-023-02743-7. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTSaccade accommodation is a productive model for exploring the role of the cerebellum in behavioral plasticity. In this model, the target is moved during the saccade, gradually inducing a change in the saccade vector as the animal adapts. The climbing fiber pathway from the inferior olive provides a visual error signal generated by the superior colliculus that is believed to be crucial for cerebellar adaptation. However, the primate tecto-olivary pathway has only been explored using large injections of the central portion of the ...
Source: Brain Structure and Function - January 19, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Paul J May Susan Warren Yoshiko Kojima Source Type: research

Amygdala structure and function and its associations with social-emotional outcomes in a low-risk preterm sample
This study reveals that low-risk prematurity does not have an effect on social-emotional outcomes or structural amygdala volumes during young adulthood. However, individuals who were considered to be at a lower risk of exhibiting neurodevelopmental alterations following preterm birth demonstrated increased FC between the left and right amygdala and MedFC.PMID:38236400 | DOI:10.1007/s00429-023-02749-1 (Source: Brain Structure and Function)
Source: Brain Structure and Function - January 18, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: L Fern ández de Gamarra-Oca O Lucas-Jim énez J M Onta ñón B Loureiro-Gonzalez J Pe ña N Ibarretxe-Bilbao M A Garc ía-Guerrero N Ojeda L Zubiaurre-Elorza Source Type: research

Inter-individual, hemispheric and sex variability of brain activations during numerosity processing
Brain Struct Funct. 2024 Jan 10. doi: 10.1007/s00429-023-02747-3. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTNumerosity perception is a fundamental and innate cognitive function shared by both humans and many animal species. Previous research has primarily focused on exploring the spatial and functional consistency of neural activations that were associated with the processing of numerosity information. However, the inter-individual variability of brain activations of numerosity perception remains unclear. In the present study, with a large-sample functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) dataset (n = 460), we aimed to localize the ...
Source: Brain Structure and Function - January 10, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Zhongyao Zang Xiaoyue Chi Mengkai Luan Siyuan Hu Ke Zhou Jia Liu Source Type: research

Clustering the cortical laminae: in vivo parcellation
This study aims to offer a robust, whole-brain validation of T1 imaging as a practical and effective tool for exploring the laminar composition of the cortex. To do so, we cluster complex microstructural cortical datasets of both human (N = 30) and macaque (N = 1) brains using an adaptation of an algorithm for clustering cell omics profiles. The resulting cluster patterns are then compared to established atlases of cytoarchitectonic features, exhibiting significant correspondence in both species. Lastly, we demonstrate the expanded applicability of T1 imaging by exploring some of the cytoarchitectonic features behind vario...
Source: Brain Structure and Function - January 9, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Ittai Shamir Yaniv Assaf Ron Shamir Source Type: research

Activation patterns in male and female forebrain circuitries during food consumption under novelty
Brain Struct Funct. 2024 Jan 9. doi: 10.1007/s00429-023-02742-8. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe influence of novelty on feeding behavior is significant and can override both homeostatic and hedonic drives due to the uncertainty of potential danger. Previous work found that novel food hypophagia is enhanced in a novel environment and that males habituate faster than females. The current study's aim was to identify the neural substrates of separate effects of food and context novelty. Adult male and female rats were tested for consumption of a novel or familiar food in either a familiar or in a novel context. Test-induced...
Source: Brain Structure and Function - January 9, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Eliza M Greiner Mary E Witt Stephanie J Moran Gorica D Petrovich Source Type: research

Frequency-specific functional difference between gyri and sulci in naturalistic paradigm fMRI
This study highlights the advantages of nfMRI in depicting the functional difference between gyri and sulci, and provides novel insights into unraveling the relationship between brain structure and function.PMID:38193918 | DOI:10.1007/s00429-023-02746-4 (Source: Brain Structure and Function)
Source: Brain Structure and Function - January 9, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Liting Wang Yang Yang Xintao Hu Shijie Zhao Xi Jiang Lei Guo Junwei Han Tianming Liu Source Type: research

Clustering the cortical laminae: in vivo parcellation
This study aims to offer a robust, whole-brain validation of T1 imaging as a practical and effective tool for exploring the laminar composition of the cortex. To do so, we cluster complex microstructural cortical datasets of both human (N = 30) and macaque (N = 1) brains using an adaptation of an algorithm for clustering cell omics profiles. The resulting cluster patterns are then compared to established atlases of cytoarchitectonic features, exhibiting significant correspondence in both species. Lastly, we demonstrate the expanded applicability of T1 imaging by exploring some of the cytoarchitectonic features behind vario...
Source: Brain Structure and Function - January 9, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Ittai Shamir Yaniv Assaf Ron Shamir Source Type: research

Activation patterns in male and female forebrain circuitries during food consumption under novelty
Brain Struct Funct. 2024 Jan 9. doi: 10.1007/s00429-023-02742-8. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe influence of novelty on feeding behavior is significant and can override both homeostatic and hedonic drives due to the uncertainty of potential danger. Previous work found that novel food hypophagia is enhanced in a novel environment and that males habituate faster than females. The current study's aim was to identify the neural substrates of separate effects of food and context novelty. Adult male and female rats were tested for consumption of a novel or familiar food in either a familiar or in a novel context. Test-induced...
Source: Brain Structure and Function - January 9, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Eliza M Greiner Mary E Witt Stephanie J Moran Gorica D Petrovich Source Type: research

Frequency-specific functional difference between gyri and sulci in naturalistic paradigm fMRI
This study highlights the advantages of nfMRI in depicting the functional difference between gyri and sulci, and provides novel insights into unraveling the relationship between brain structure and function.PMID:38193918 | DOI:10.1007/s00429-023-02746-4 (Source: Brain Structure and Function)
Source: Brain Structure and Function - January 9, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Liting Wang Yang Yang Xintao Hu Shijie Zhao Xi Jiang Lei Guo Junwei Han Tianming Liu Source Type: research

Sulcal variability in anterior lateral prefrontal cortex contributes to variability in reasoning performance among young adults
Brain Struct Funct. 2024 Jan 6. doi: 10.1007/s00429-023-02734-8. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTIdentifying structure-function correspondences is a major goal among biologists, cognitive neuroscientists, and brain mappers. Recent studies have identified relationships between performance on cognitive tasks and the presence or absence of small, shallow indentations, or sulci, of the human brain. Building on the previous finding that the presence of the ventral para-intermediate frontal sulcus (pimfs-v) in the left anterior lateral prefrontal cortex (aLPFC) was related to reasoning task performance in children and adolescents,...
Source: Brain Structure and Function - January 6, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Ethan H Willbrand Samantha Jackson Szeshuen Chen Catherine B Hathaway Willa I Voorhies Silvia A Bunge Kevin S Weiner Source Type: research

Sulcal variability in anterior lateral prefrontal cortex contributes to variability in reasoning performance among young adults
Brain Struct Funct. 2024 Jan 6. doi: 10.1007/s00429-023-02734-8. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTIdentifying structure-function correspondences is a major goal among biologists, cognitive neuroscientists, and brain mappers. Recent studies have identified relationships between performance on cognitive tasks and the presence or absence of small, shallow indentations, or sulci, of the human brain. Building on the previous finding that the presence of the ventral para-intermediate frontal sulcus (pimfs-v) in the left anterior lateral prefrontal cortex (aLPFC) was related to reasoning task performance in children and adolescents,...
Source: Brain Structure and Function - January 6, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Ethan H Willbrand Samantha Jackson Szeshuen Chen Catherine B Hathaway Willa I Voorhies Silvia A Bunge Kevin S Weiner Source Type: research

Sulcal variability in anterior lateral prefrontal cortex contributes to variability in reasoning performance among young adults
Brain Struct Funct. 2024 Jan 6. doi: 10.1007/s00429-023-02734-8. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTIdentifying structure-function correspondences is a major goal among biologists, cognitive neuroscientists, and brain mappers. Recent studies have identified relationships between performance on cognitive tasks and the presence or absence of small, shallow indentations, or sulci, of the human brain. Building on the previous finding that the presence of the ventral para-intermediate frontal sulcus (pimfs-v) in the left anterior lateral prefrontal cortex (aLPFC) was related to reasoning task performance in children and adolescents,...
Source: Brain Structure and Function - January 6, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Ethan H Willbrand Samantha Jackson Szeshuen Chen Catherine B Hathaway Willa I Voorhies Silvia A Bunge Kevin S Weiner Source Type: research