A new causal centrality measure reveals the prominent role of subcortical structures in the causal architecture of the extended default mode network
Brain Struct Funct. 2023 Sep 1. doi: 10.1007/s00429-023-02697-w. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTNetwork representation has been an incredibly useful concept for understanding the behavior of complex systems in social sciences, biology, neuroscience, and beyond. Network science is mathematically founded on graph theory, where nodal importance is gauged using measures of centrality. Notably, recent work suggests that the topological centrality of a node should not be over-interpreted as its dynamical or causal importance in the network. Hence, identifying the influential nodes in dynamic causal models (DCM) remains an open qu...
Source: Brain Structure and Function - September 1, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Tahereh S Zarghami Source Type: research
A new causal centrality measure reveals the prominent role of subcortical structures in the causal architecture of the extended default mode network
Brain Struct Funct. 2023 Sep 1. doi: 10.1007/s00429-023-02697-w. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTNetwork representation has been an incredibly useful concept for understanding the behavior of complex systems in social sciences, biology, neuroscience, and beyond. Network science is mathematically founded on graph theory, where nodal importance is gauged using measures of centrality. Notably, recent work suggests that the topological centrality of a node should not be over-interpreted as its dynamical or causal importance in the network. Hence, identifying the influential nodes in dynamic causal models (DCM) remains an open qu...
Source: Brain Structure and Function - September 1, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Tahereh S Zarghami Source Type: research
Dopamine receptors of the rodent fastigial nucleus support skilled reaching for goal-directed action
In this study, we first confirmed that DA receptors are expressed in the FN of adult rats and then targeted these receptors to explore to what extent the FN modulates goal-directed behavior. Immunohistochemical assessment revealed expression of both D1R and D2R receptors in the FN, whereby the medial lateral FN exhibited higher receptor expression compared to the other FN subfields. Bilateral treatment of the FN with a D1R antagonist, prior to a goal-directed pellet-reaching task, significantly impaired task acquisition and decreased task engagement. D2R antagonism only reduced late performance post-acquisition. Once task ...
Source: Brain Structure and Function - August 24, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Violeta-Maria Caragea Marta M éndez-Couz Denise Manahan-Vaughan Source Type: research
Context-dependent activation of a social behavior brain network during learned vocal production
Brain Struct Funct. 2023 Sep;228(7):1785-1797. doi: 10.1007/s00429-023-02693-0. Epub 2023 Aug 24.ABSTRACTNeural activation in brain regions for vocal control is social context dependent. This context-dependent brain activation reflects social context-appropriate vocal behavior but has unresolved mechanisms. Studies of non-vocal social behaviors in multiple organisms suggest a functional role for several evolutionarily conserved and highly interconnected brain regions. Here, we use neural activity-dependent gene expression to evaluate the functional connectivity of this social behavior network within zebra finches in non-so...
Source: Brain Structure and Function - August 24, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Katherine L Anderson Lionel Col ón Violet Doolittle Raysa Rosario Martinez Joseph Uraga Osceola Whitney Source Type: research
Altered corpus callosum structure in adolescents with cerebral palsy: connection to gait and balance
This study investigated the transcallosal WM structure and lower limb motor stability performance in adolescents aged 10-18 years with spastic hemiplegic (n = 18) or diplegic (n = 13) CP and in their age-matched controls (n = 34). The modern diffusion-weighted MRI analysis included the diffusivity properties of seven CC subparts and the transcallosal lower limb sensorimotor tract of the dominant hemisphere. Children with CP had comprehensive impairments in the cross-sectional area, fractional anisotropy, and mean diffusivity of the CC and sensorimotor tract. Additionally, the extent of WM alterations varied between hemiple...
Source: Brain Structure and Function - August 24, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Julia Jaatela Timo Nurmi Jaakko Vallinoja Helena M äenpää Viljami Sairanen Harri Piitulainen Source Type: research
Dopamine receptors of the rodent fastigial nucleus support skilled reaching for goal-directed action
In this study, we first confirmed that DA receptors are expressed in the FN of adult rats and then targeted these receptors to explore to what extent the FN modulates goal-directed behavior. Immunohistochemical assessment revealed expression of both D1R and D2R receptors in the FN, whereby the medial lateral FN exhibited higher receptor expression compared to the other FN subfields. Bilateral treatment of the FN with a D1R antagonist, prior to a goal-directed pellet-reaching task, significantly impaired task acquisition and decreased task engagement. D2R antagonism only reduced late performance post-acquisition. Once task ...
Source: Brain Structure and Function - August 24, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Violeta-Maria Caragea Marta M éndez-Couz Denise Manahan-Vaughan Source Type: research
Context-dependent activation of a social behavior brain network during learned vocal production
Brain Struct Funct. 2023 Sep;228(7):1785-1797. doi: 10.1007/s00429-023-02693-0. Epub 2023 Aug 24.ABSTRACTNeural activation in brain regions for vocal control is social context dependent. This context-dependent brain activation reflects social context-appropriate vocal behavior but has unresolved mechanisms. Studies of non-vocal social behaviors in multiple organisms suggest a functional role for several evolutionarily conserved and highly interconnected brain regions. Here, we use neural activity-dependent gene expression to evaluate the functional connectivity of this social behavior network within zebra finches in non-so...
Source: Brain Structure and Function - August 24, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Katherine L Anderson Lionel Col ón Violet Doolittle Raysa Rosario Martinez Joseph Uraga Osceola Whitney Source Type: research
Altered corpus callosum structure in adolescents with cerebral palsy: connection to gait and balance
This study investigated the transcallosal WM structure and lower limb motor stability performance in adolescents aged 10-18 years with spastic hemiplegic (n = 18) or diplegic (n = 13) CP and in their age-matched controls (n = 34). The modern diffusion-weighted MRI analysis included the diffusivity properties of seven CC subparts and the transcallosal lower limb sensorimotor tract of the dominant hemisphere. Children with CP had comprehensive impairments in the cross-sectional area, fractional anisotropy, and mean diffusivity of the CC and sensorimotor tract. Additionally, the extent of WM alterations varied between hemiple...
Source: Brain Structure and Function - August 24, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Julia Jaatela Timo Nurmi Jaakko Vallinoja Helena M äenpää Viljami Sairanen Harri Piitulainen Source Type: research
Dopamine receptors of the rodent fastigial nucleus support skilled reaching for goal-directed action
In this study, we first confirmed that DA receptors are expressed in the FN of adult rats and then targeted these receptors to explore to what extent the FN modulates goal-directed behavior. Immunohistochemical assessment revealed expression of both D1R and D2R receptors in the FN, whereby the medial lateral FN exhibited higher receptor expression compared to the other FN subfields. Bilateral treatment of the FN with a D1R antagonist, prior to a goal-directed pellet-reaching task, significantly impaired task acquisition and decreased task engagement. D2R antagonism only reduced late performance post-acquisition. Once task ...
Source: Brain Structure and Function - August 24, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Violeta-Maria Caragea Marta M éndez-Couz Denise Manahan-Vaughan Source Type: research
Context-dependent activation of a social behavior brain network during learned vocal production
Brain Struct Funct. 2023 Aug 24. doi: 10.1007/s00429-023-02693-0. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTNeural activation in brain regions for vocal control is social context dependent. This context-dependent brain activation reflects social context-appropriate vocal behavior but has unresolved mechanisms. Studies of non-vocal social behaviors in multiple organisms suggest a functional role for several evolutionarily conserved and highly interconnected brain regions. Here, we use neural activity-dependent gene expression to evaluate the functional connectivity of this social behavior network within zebra finches in non-social and ...
Source: Brain Structure and Function - August 24, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Katherine L Anderson Lionel Col ón Violet Doolittle Raysa Rosario Martinez Joseph Uraga Osceola Whitney Source Type: research
Altered corpus callosum structure in adolescents with cerebral palsy: connection to gait and balance
This study investigated the transcallosal WM structure and lower limb motor stability performance in adolescents aged 10-18 years with spastic hemiplegic (n = 18) or diplegic (n = 13) CP and in their age-matched controls (n = 34). The modern diffusion-weighted MRI analysis included the diffusivity properties of seven CC subparts and the transcallosal lower limb sensorimotor tract of the dominant hemisphere. Children with CP had comprehensive impairments in the cross-sectional area, fractional anisotropy, and mean diffusivity of the CC and sensorimotor tract. Additionally, the extent of WM alterations varied between hemiple...
Source: Brain Structure and Function - August 24, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Julia Jaatela Timo Nurmi Jaakko Vallinoja Helena M äenpää Viljami Sairanen Harri Piitulainen Source Type: research
Dopamine receptors of the rodent fastigial nucleus support skilled reaching for goal-directed action
In this study, we first confirmed that DA receptors are expressed in the FN of adult rats and then targeted these receptors to explore to what extent the FN modulates goal-directed behavior. Immunohistochemical assessment revealed expression of both D1R and D2R receptors in the FN, whereby the medial lateral FN exhibited higher receptor expression compared to the other FN subfields. Bilateral treatment of the FN with a D1R antagonist, prior to a goal-directed pellet-reaching task, significantly impaired task acquisition and decreased task engagement. D2R antagonism only reduced late performance post-acquisition. Once task ...
Source: Brain Structure and Function - August 24, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Violeta-Maria Caragea Marta M éndez-Couz Denise Manahan-Vaughan Source Type: research
Context-dependent activation of a social behavior brain network during learned vocal production
Brain Struct Funct. 2023 Aug 24. doi: 10.1007/s00429-023-02693-0. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTNeural activation in brain regions for vocal control is social context dependent. This context-dependent brain activation reflects social context-appropriate vocal behavior but has unresolved mechanisms. Studies of non-vocal social behaviors in multiple organisms suggest a functional role for several evolutionarily conserved and highly interconnected brain regions. Here, we use neural activity-dependent gene expression to evaluate the functional connectivity of this social behavior network within zebra finches in non-social and ...
Source: Brain Structure and Function - August 24, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Katherine L Anderson Lionel Col ón Violet Doolittle Raysa Rosario Martinez Joseph Uraga Osceola Whitney Source Type: research
Altered corpus callosum structure in adolescents with cerebral palsy: connection to gait and balance
This study investigated the transcallosal WM structure and lower limb motor stability performance in adolescents aged 10-18 years with spastic hemiplegic (n = 18) or diplegic (n = 13) CP and in their age-matched controls (n = 34). The modern diffusion-weighted MRI analysis included the diffusivity properties of seven CC subparts and the transcallosal lower limb sensorimotor tract of the dominant hemisphere. Children with CP had comprehensive impairments in the cross-sectional area, fractional anisotropy, and mean diffusivity of the CC and sensorimotor tract. Additionally, the extent of WM alterations varied between hemiple...
Source: Brain Structure and Function - August 24, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Julia Jaatela Timo Nurmi Jaakko Vallinoja Helena M äenpää Viljami Sairanen Harri Piitulainen Source Type: research
Dopamine receptors of the rodent fastigial nucleus support skilled reaching for goal-directed action
In this study, we first confirmed that DA receptors are expressed in the FN of adult rats and then targeted these receptors to explore to what extent the FN modulates goal-directed behavior. Immunohistochemical assessment revealed expression of both D1R and D2R receptors in the FN, whereby the medial lateral FN exhibited higher receptor expression compared to the other FN subfields. Bilateral treatment of the FN with a D1R antagonist, prior to a goal-directed pellet-reaching task, significantly impaired task acquisition and decreased task engagement. D2R antagonism only reduced late performance post-acquisition. Once task ...
Source: Brain Structure and Function - August 24, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Violeta-Maria Caragea Marta M éndez-Couz Denise Manahan-Vaughan Source Type: research