Sleep-physiological correlates of brachycephaly in dogs
Brain Struct Funct. 2023 Sep 24. doi: 10.1007/s00429-023-02706-y. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe shape of the cranium is one of the most notable physical changes induced in domestic dogs through selective breeding and is measured using the cephalic index (CI). High CI (a ratio of skull width to skull length > 60) is characterized by a short muzzle and flat face and is referred to as brachycephaly. Brachycephalic dogs display some potentially harmful changes in neuroanatomy, and there are implications for differences in behavior, as well. The path from anatomy to cognition, however, has not been charted in its entiret...
Source: Brain Structure and Function - September 24, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Ivaylo Borislavov Iotchev Zs ófia Bognár Katinka T óth Vivien Reicher Anna Kis Enik ő Kubinyi Source Type: research

Sleep-physiological correlates of brachycephaly in dogs
Brain Struct Funct. 2023 Sep 24. doi: 10.1007/s00429-023-02706-y. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe shape of the cranium is one of the most notable physical changes induced in domestic dogs through selective breeding and is measured using the cephalic index (CI). High CI (a ratio of skull width to skull length > 60) is characterized by a short muzzle and flat face and is referred to as brachycephaly. Brachycephalic dogs display some potentially harmful changes in neuroanatomy, and there are implications for differences in behavior, as well. The path from anatomy to cognition, however, has not been charted in its entiret...
Source: Brain Structure and Function - September 24, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Ivaylo Borislavov Iotchev Zs ófia Bognár Katinka T óth Vivien Reicher Anna Kis Enik ő Kubinyi Source Type: research

Sleep-physiological correlates of brachycephaly in dogs
Brain Struct Funct. 2023 Sep 24. doi: 10.1007/s00429-023-02706-y. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe shape of the cranium is one of the most notable physical changes induced in domestic dogs through selective breeding and is measured using the cephalic index (CI). High CI (a ratio of skull width to skull length > 60) is characterized by a short muzzle and flat face and is referred to as brachycephaly. Brachycephalic dogs display some potentially harmful changes in neuroanatomy, and there are implications for differences in behavior, as well. The path from anatomy to cognition, however, has not been charted in its entiret...
Source: Brain Structure and Function - September 24, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Ivaylo Borislavov Iotchev Zs ófia Bognár Katinka T óth Vivien Reicher Anna Kis Enik ő Kubinyi Source Type: research

Sleep-physiological correlates of brachycephaly in dogs
Brain Struct Funct. 2023 Sep 24. doi: 10.1007/s00429-023-02706-y. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe shape of the cranium is one of the most notable physical changes induced in domestic dogs through selective breeding and is measured using the cephalic index (CI). High CI (a ratio of skull width to skull length > 60) is characterized by a short muzzle and flat face and is referred to as brachycephaly. Brachycephalic dogs display some potentially harmful changes in neuroanatomy, and there are implications for differences in behavior, as well. The path from anatomy to cognition, however, has not been charted in its entiret...
Source: Brain Structure and Function - September 24, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Ivaylo Borislavov Iotchev Zs ófia Bognár Katinka T óth Vivien Reicher Anna Kis Enik ő Kubinyi Source Type: research

Sleep-physiological correlates of brachycephaly in dogs
Brain Struct Funct. 2023 Sep 24. doi: 10.1007/s00429-023-02706-y. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe shape of the cranium is one of the most notable physical changes induced in domestic dogs through selective breeding and is measured using the cephalic index (CI). High CI (a ratio of skull width to skull length > 60) is characterized by a short muzzle and flat face and is referred to as brachycephaly. Brachycephalic dogs display some potentially harmful changes in neuroanatomy, and there are implications for differences in behavior, as well. The path from anatomy to cognition, however, has not been charted in its entiret...
Source: Brain Structure and Function - September 24, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Ivaylo Borislavov Iotchev Zs ófia Bognár Katinka T óth Vivien Reicher Anna Kis Enik ő Kubinyi Source Type: research

Sleep-physiological correlates of brachycephaly in dogs
Brain Struct Funct. 2023 Sep 24. doi: 10.1007/s00429-023-02706-y. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe shape of the cranium is one of the most notable physical changes induced in domestic dogs through selective breeding and is measured using the cephalic index (CI). High CI (a ratio of skull width to skull length > 60) is characterized by a short muzzle and flat face and is referred to as brachycephaly. Brachycephalic dogs display some potentially harmful changes in neuroanatomy, and there are implications for differences in behavior, as well. The path from anatomy to cognition, however, has not been charted in its entiret...
Source: Brain Structure and Function - September 24, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Ivaylo Borislavov Iotchev Zs ófia Bognár Katinka T óth Vivien Reicher Anna Kis Enik ő Kubinyi Source Type: research

Prominent and conspicuous astrocyte atrophy in human sporadic and familial Alzheimer's disease
In this study, we report prominent atrophic changes in GFAP and GS astrocytes in the EC of both SAD and FAD characterised by a decrease in area and volume when compared with non-demented control samples (ND). Furthermore, we did not find neither astrocytic loss nor astrocyte proliferation or hypertrophy (gliosis). In contrast with the astrogliosis classically accepted hypothesis, our results show a highly marked astrocyte atrophy that could have a major relevance in AD pathological processes being fundamental and key for AD mnesic and cognitive alterations equivalent in both SAD and FAD.PMID:37730895 | DOI:10.1007/s00429-0...
Source: Brain Structure and Function - September 21, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: J J Rodr íguez F Zallo E Gardenal Joan Cabot X Busquets Source Type: research

Alterations in rat brain modular organization during unconsciousness are dependent on communication efficiency and metabolic cost
We examined alterations in brain modular variability during loss of consciousness from mild sedation to deep anesthesia. We also investigated the relationships between modular variability with glucose metabolism and functional connectivity strength as well as their alterations during unconsciousness. We observed that modular variability increased during loss of consciousness. Critically, across-individual modular variability is oppositely associated with functional connectivity strength and cerebral metabolism, and with deepening dosage of anesthesia, becoming increasingly dependent on basal metabolism over functional conn...
Source: Brain Structure and Function - September 21, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Siyang Li Yali Chen Peng Ren Zhipeng Li Jun Zhang Xia Liang Source Type: research

Prominent and conspicuous astrocyte atrophy in human sporadic and familial Alzheimer's disease
In this study, we report prominent atrophic changes in GFAP and GS astrocytes in the EC of both SAD and FAD characterised by a decrease in area and volume when compared with non-demented control samples (ND). Furthermore, we did not find neither astrocytic loss nor astrocyte proliferation or hypertrophy (gliosis). In contrast with the astrogliosis classically accepted hypothesis, our results show a highly marked astrocyte atrophy that could have a major relevance in AD pathological processes being fundamental and key for AD mnesic and cognitive alterations equivalent in both SAD and FAD.PMID:37730895 | DOI:10.1007/s00429-0...
Source: Brain Structure and Function - September 21, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: J J Rodr íguez F Zallo E Gardenal Joan Cabot X Busquets Source Type: research

Alterations in rat brain modular organization during unconsciousness are dependent on communication efficiency and metabolic cost
We examined alterations in brain modular variability during loss of consciousness from mild sedation to deep anesthesia. We also investigated the relationships between modular variability with glucose metabolism and functional connectivity strength as well as their alterations during unconsciousness. We observed that modular variability increased during loss of consciousness. Critically, across-individual modular variability is oppositely associated with functional connectivity strength and cerebral metabolism, and with deepening dosage of anesthesia, becoming increasingly dependent on basal metabolism over functional conn...
Source: Brain Structure and Function - September 21, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Siyang Li Yali Chen Peng Ren Zhipeng Li Jun Zhang Xia Liang Source Type: research

Prominent and conspicuous astrocyte atrophy in human sporadic and familial Alzheimer's disease
In this study, we report prominent atrophic changes in GFAP and GS astrocytes in the EC of both SAD and FAD characterised by a decrease in area and volume when compared with non-demented control samples (ND). Furthermore, we did not find neither astrocytic loss nor astrocyte proliferation or hypertrophy (gliosis). In contrast with the astrogliosis classically accepted hypothesis, our results show a highly marked astrocyte atrophy that could have a major relevance in AD pathological processes being fundamental and key for AD mnesic and cognitive alterations equivalent in both SAD and FAD.PMID:37730895 | DOI:10.1007/s00429-0...
Source: Brain Structure and Function - September 21, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: J J Rodr íguez F Zallo E Gardenal Joan Cabot X Busquets Source Type: research

Alterations in rat brain modular organization during unconsciousness are dependent on communication efficiency and metabolic cost
We examined alterations in brain modular variability during loss of consciousness from mild sedation to deep anesthesia. We also investigated the relationships between modular variability with glucose metabolism and functional connectivity strength as well as their alterations during unconsciousness. We observed that modular variability increased during loss of consciousness. Critically, across-individual modular variability is oppositely associated with functional connectivity strength and cerebral metabolism, and with deepening dosage of anesthesia, becoming increasingly dependent on basal metabolism over functional conn...
Source: Brain Structure and Function - September 21, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Siyang Li Yali Chen Peng Ren Zhipeng Li Jun Zhang Xia Liang Source Type: research

Development of the prosencephalic structures, ganglionic eminence, basal ganglia and thalamus at 11  + 3 to 13 + 6 gestational weeks on 3D transvaginal ultrasound including normative data
CONCLUSION: Transvaginal 3D neurosonography allows visualization and measurement of normal structures in the fetal prosencephalon at 11 + 3 to 13 + 6 weeks of gestation (GW) including details of ganglionic eminence (GE), basal ganglia (BG), and thalamus/hypothalamus (Th/HyT). Further scientific work is needed before using the results to decide on pathological changes in patients.PMID:37712966 | DOI:10.1007/s00429-023-02679-y (Source: Brain Structure and Function)
Source: Brain Structure and Function - September 15, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: R Altmann T Rechberger C Altmann L Hirtler I Scharnreitner P Stelzl S Enengl Source Type: research

Development of the prosencephalic structures, ganglionic eminence, basal ganglia and thalamus at 11  + 3 to 13 + 6 gestational weeks on 3D transvaginal ultrasound including normative data
CONCLUSION: Transvaginal 3D neurosonography allows visualization and measurement of normal structures in the fetal prosencephalon at 11 + 3 to 13 + 6 weeks of gestation (GW) including details of ganglionic eminence (GE), basal ganglia (BG), and thalamus/hypothalamus (Th/HyT). Further scientific work is needed before using the results to decide on pathological changes in patients.PMID:37712966 | DOI:10.1007/s00429-023-02679-y (Source: Brain Structure and Function)
Source: Brain Structure and Function - September 15, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: R Altmann T Rechberger C Altmann L Hirtler I Scharnreitner P Stelzl S Enengl Source Type: research

Development of the prosencephalic structures, ganglionic eminence, basal ganglia and thalamus at 11  + 3 to 13 + 6 gestational weeks on 3D transvaginal ultrasound including normative data
CONCLUSION: Transvaginal 3D neurosonography allows visualization and measurement of normal structures in the fetal prosencephalon at 11 + 3 to 13 + 6 weeks of gestation (GW) including details of ganglionic eminence (GE), basal ganglia (BG), and thalamus/hypothalamus (Th/HyT). Further scientific work is needed before using the results to decide on pathological changes in patients.PMID:37712966 | DOI:10.1007/s00429-023-02679-y (Source: Brain Structure and Function)
Source: Brain Structure and Function - September 15, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: R Altmann T Rechberger C Altmann L Hirtler I Scharnreitner P Stelzl S Enengl Source Type: research