Maintenance low dose systemic glucocorticoids have limited impact on bone strength and mineral density among incident renal allograft recipients: A pilot prospective cohort study
Soon after kidney transplant (KT), a decrease in parathormone and bone mineral density (BMD) occur, but little is known on the impact of KT on novel bone quality parameters including trabecular bone score (TBS) and bone material strength index (BMSi). We aimed to study BMD, TBS and BMSi in the first year after KT, in patients not treated with any bone therapy. A cohort including 36 patients underwent KT on a low-glucocorticoid-dose protocol (5 mg daily-prednisone from post-operative-day 42 onwards) and was observed for 12 months prospectively. (Source: Bone)
Source: Bone - August 23, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Mar ía José Pérez-Sáez, Sabina Herrera, Daniel Prieto-Alhambra, Laia Vilaplana, Xavier Nogués, María Vera, Dolores Redondo-Pachón, Marisa Mir, Roberto Güerri, Marta Crespo, Adolfo Díez-Pérez, Julio Pascual Tags: Rapid Communication Source Type: research
MicroRNA-155 induces autophagy in osteoclasts by targeting transforming growth factor β-activated kinase 1-binding protein 2 upon lipopolysaccharide stimulation
The autophagy pathway has been suggested to influence skeletal structure by modulating bone metabolism. Recent findings suggest that microRNAs (miR) play a critical role in autophagy. We hypothesized that inflammation induces miR-155, which enhances autophagy in osteoclasts (OC), leading to inflammatory bone loss. The expression of miR-155 was elevated in tibiae from LPS-injected mice and in OC stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) compared with vehicle treatment. Overexpression of miR-155 enhanced autophagy as well as differentiation in OC, whereas inhibition of endogenous miR-155 decreased both. (Source: Bone)
Source: Bone - August 23, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Ok-Joo Sul, You-Bin Sung, Monisha Rajasekaran, Ke Ke, Rina Yu, Sung-Hoon Back, Hye-Seon Choi Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research
Letter to the Editor
Re: Pizzato S, Trevisan C, Lucato P, et al. Identification of asymptomatic frailty vertebral fractures in post-menopausal women. (Source: Bone)
Source: Bone - August 19, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Brian C. Lentle, William D. Leslie, Christopher S. Kovacs, Jerilynn Prior, David A. Hanley, Ian Hammond Tags: Correspondence Source Type: research
Response to the Letter to the Editor Re: Pizzato S, Trevisan C, Lucato P, et al. Identification of asymptomatic frailty vertebral fractures in post-menopausal women
Thank you for the opportunity to reply to the Letter of Dr. Lentle and colleagues regarding our article “Identification of asymptomatic frailty vertebral fractures in post-menopausal women” [1]. (Source: Bone)
Source: Bone - August 19, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Caterina Trevisan, Simona Pizzato, Giuseppe Sergi Tags: Correspondence Source Type: research
E3-ubiquitin ligase NEDD4 enhances bone formation by removing TGF β1-induced pSMAD1 in immature osteoblast
Neural precursor cell expressed developmentally downregulated protein 4 (NEDD4) is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that regulates animal growth and development. To investigate the role of NEDD4 in skeletogenesis in vivo, we established immature osteoblast-specific 2.3-kb Collagen Type I Alpha 1 chain (Col1 α1) promoter-driven Nedd4 transgenic (Nedd4-TG, Col1α1-Nedd4Tg/+) mice and conditional knockout (Nedd4-cKO, Col1α1-Cre;Nedd4fl/fl) mice. The Nedd4-TG mice displayed enhanced bone mass accrual and upregulated gene expression of osteogenic markers in bone. (Source: Bone)
Source: Bone - August 17, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Seon-Ae Jeon, Ji-Hyun Lee, Dong Wook Kim, Je-Yoel Cho Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research
Osteoblast derived-neurotrophin ‑3 induces cartilage removal proteases and osteoclast-mediated function at injured growth plate in rats
Faulty bony repair causes dysrepair of injured growth plate cartilage and bone growth defects in children; however, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Recently, we observed the prominent induction of neurotrophin ‑3 (NT-3) and its important roles as an osteogenic and angiogenic factor promoting the bony repair. The current study investigated its roles in regulating injury site remodelling. In a rat tibial growth plate drill-hole injury repair model, NT-3 was expressed prominently in osteoblasts at the inju ry site. (Source: Bone)
Source: Bone - August 17, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Yu-Wen Su, Shek Man Chim, Lin Zhou, Mohammadhossein Hassanshahi, Rosa Chung, Chiaming Fan, Yunmei Song, Bruce K. Foster, Clive A. Prestidge, Yaser Peymanfar, Qian Tang, Lisa M. Butler, Stan Gronthos, Di Chen, Yangli Xie, Lin Chen, Xin-Fu Zhou, Jiake Xu, C Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research
Interleukin-6 deletion stimulates revascularization and new bone formation following ischemic osteonecrosis in a murine model
Legg-Calv é-Perthes disease (LCPD) is a childhood form of ischemic osteonecrosis of the femoral head which can produce a permanent femoral head deformity and early osteoarthritis. The femoral head deformity results from increased bone resorption and decreased bone formation during repair and remodeling of th e necrotic femoral head. A recent study showed that a pro-inflammatory cytokine, interleukin-6 (IL-6), is significantly elevated in the synovial fluid of patients with LCPD. We hypothesized that IL-6 elevation decreases bone formation during the repair process following ischemic osteonecrosis and th at IL-6 depletion ...
Source: Bone - August 17, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Gen Kuroyanagi, Naga Suresh Adapala, Ryosuke Yamaguchi, Nobuhiro Kamiya, Zhuo Deng, Olumide Aruwajoye, Michael Kutschke, Elena Chen, Chanhee Jo, Yinshi Ren, Harry K.W. Kim Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research
Sclerostin and its significance for children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D)
Recent studies have shown that sclerostin, which is a negative regulator of bone formation, could play an important role in the crosstalk between bone and glucose metabolism. The role of sclerostin and its link with glucose homeostasis in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) has not been yet studied extensively in children. The aim of this study was to assess sclerostin and its relationship between other bone and fat related factors as well as glucose metabolism in children and adolescents with T1D in comparison to their healthy peers. (Source: Bone)
Source: Bone - August 15, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Anna W ędrychowicz, Krystyna Sztefko, Jerzy B. Starzyk Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research
Differential associations between appendicular and axial marrow adipose tissue with bone microarchitecture in adolescents and young adults with obesity
Marrow adipose tissue (MAT) in humans is distributed differentially across age and skeletal site. We have shown impaired microarchitecture and reduced bone strength at appendicular sites in conditions associated with high MAT of the axial skeleton in adults (including conditions of over- and undernutrition). Data are lacking regarding differences in MAT content of the appendicular versus the axial skeleton, and its relationship with bone microarchitecture and strength. Furthermore, data are conspicuously lacking in adolescents, a time when hematopoietic marrow is progressively converted to fatty marrow. (Source: Bone)
Source: Bone - August 11, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Vibha Singhal, Landy P. Torre Flores, Fatima C. Stanford, Alexander T. Toth, Brian Carmine, Madhusmita Misra, Miriam A. Bredella Tags: Rapid Communication Source Type: research
Changes in vertebral dimensions in early adulthood – A 10-year follow-up MRI-study
In this study, we wanted to clarify the potential changes in the dimensions of the lumbar vertebrae during early adulthood. We used the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986 as our study material, with a final sample size of 375 individuals. We performed lumbar magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) when the participants were 20 and 30 years of age (baseline and follow-up, respectively). (Source: Bone)
Source: Bone - August 9, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Elsi Autio, Petteri Oura, Jaro Karppinen, Markus Paananen, Jaakko Niinim äki, Juho-Antti Junno Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research
The trabecular bone score: Relationships with trabecular and cortical microarchitecture measured by HR-pQCT and histomorphometry in patients with chronic kidney disease
The trabecular bone score (TBS) is a novel tool using grayscale variograms of the lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) to assess trabecular bone microarchitecture. Studies in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) suggest it may be helpful in assessing fracture risk. However, TBS has not been validated as a measure of trabecular architecture against transiliac bone biopsy with histomorphometry in CKD patients. We hypothesized that TBS would reflect trabecular architecture at the iliac crest in CKD patients. (Source: Bone)
Source: Bone - August 8, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: J. Ramalho, I.D.B. Marques, Didier Hans, David Dempster, Hua Zhou, Parth Patel, R.M.R. Pereira, V. Jorgetti, R.M.A. Moyses, Thomas L. Nickolas Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research
Letter to Editor: F.S. Kaplan, et al., Early clinical observations on the use of imatinibmesylate in FOP: A report of seven cases, Bone (2017)
We read with great interest the article published by F.S. Kaplan et al. Early clinical observations on the use of imatinibmesylate in FOP: A report of seven cases, Bone (2017). Following this [1] we would like to present a case report of one our patient with FOP successfully responding to sunitinib. (Source: Bone)
Source: Bone - August 7, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: O. Rohleder, P. Mudry, J. Neradil, H. Noskova, O. Slaby, J. Sterba Tags: Correspondence Source Type: research
Marked alterations in the structure, dynamics and maturation of growth plate likely explain growth retardation and bone deformities of young Hyp mice
Mechanisms underlying growth impairment and bone deformities in X-linked hypophosphatemia are not fully understood. We here describe marked alterations in the structure, dynamics and maturation of growth plate in growth-retarded young Hyp mice, in comparison with wild type mice. Hyp mice exhibited reduced proliferation and apoptosis rates of chondrocytes as well as severe disturbance in the process of chondrocyte hypertrophy disclosed by abnormal expression of proteins likely involved in cell enlargement, irregular chondro-osseous junction and disordered bone trabecular pattern and vascular invasion in the primary spongiosa. (Source: Bone)
Source: Bone - August 7, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Roc ío Fuente, Helena Gil-Peña, Débora Claramunt-Taberner, Olaya Hernández-Frías, Ángela Fernández-Iglesias, Francisco Hermida-Prado, Gonzalo Anes-González, Isabel Rubio-Aliaga, Jose Manuel Lopez, Fernando Santos Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research
Factors associated with proximal femur fracture determined in a large cadaveric cohort
Many researchers have used cadaveric fracture tests to determine the relationship between proximal femur (hip) fracture strength and a multitude of possible explanatory variables, typically considered one or two at a time. These variables include subject-specific proximal femur variables such as femoral neck areal bone mineral density (aBMD), sex, age, and geometry, as well as physiological hip fracture event variables such as fall speed and angle of impact. However, to our knowledge, no study has included all of these variables simultaneously in the same experimental dataset. (Source: Bone)
Source: Bone - August 7, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Dan Dragomir-Daescu, Tim Rossman, Asghar Rezaei, Kent D. Carlson, David Kallmes, John Skinner, Sundeep Khosla, Shreyasee Amin Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research
Sclerosteosis: Report of type 1 or 2 in three Indian Tamil families and literature review
Sclerosteosis (SOST) refers to two extremely rare yet similar skeletal dysplasias featuring a diffusely radiodense skeleton together with congenital syndactyly. SOST1 is transmitted as an autosomal recessive (AR) trait and to date caused by ten homozygous loss-of-function mutations within the gene SOST that encodes the inhibitor of Wnt-mediated bone formation, sclerostin. SOST2 is transmitted as an autosomal dominant (AD) or AR trait and to date caused by one heterozygous or two homozygous loss-of-function mutation(s), respectively, within the gene LRP4 that encodes the sclerostin interaction protein, low-density lipoprote...
Source: Bone - August 2, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Michael P. Whyte, S. Deepak Amalnath, William H. McAlister, Radhakrishna Pedapati, Vivekanandan Muthupillai, Shenghui Duan, Margaret Huskey, Vinieth N. Bijanki, Steven Mumm Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research
