Cumulative radiation exposure from medical imaging and associated lifetime cancer risk in children with osteogenesis imperfecta
To estimate the cumulative effective dose of radiation (E) and additional lifetime attributable risk (LAR) of cancer from ionizing radiation in children with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), who require frequent imaging for fractures and bone densitometry (DXA) surveillance. Also, to evaluate the pattern of long bone fractures. (Source: Bone)
Source: Bone - June 27, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Amy Thorby-Lister, Wolfgang H ögler, Kirsten Hodgson, Nicola Crabtree, Peter Nightingale, Nick Shaw, Vrinda Saraff Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research

Trabecular bone microarchitecture predicts fragility fractures in postmenopausal women on denosumab treatment
High-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) represents a three-dimensional tool for the screening of osteoporosis patients i.e., regarding fracture risk. The purpose of this study was to determine the baseline and follow-up bone microarchitecture in relation to incident fracture risk in postmenopausal women on denosumab treatment. (Source: Bone)
Source: Bone - June 27, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Sebastian Butscheidt, Tim Rolvien, Eik Vettorazzi, Isolde Frieling Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research

Mice harboring a Hajdu Cheney Syndrome mutation are sensitized to osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis is a joint disease characterized by cartilage degradation, altered gene expression and inflammation. NOTCH1 and NOTCH2 receptors and the JAGGED1 ligand regulate chondrocyte biology; however, the contribution of Notch signaling to osteoarthritis is controversial. Hajdu Cheney Syndrome (HCS) is a rare genetic disorder affecting the skeleton and associated with NOTCH2 mutations that lead to NOTCH2 gain-of-function. A murine model of the disease (Notch2tm1.1Ecan) was used to test whether the HCS mutation increases the susceptibility to osteoarthritis. (Source: Bone)
Source: Bone - June 22, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: S. Zanotti, J. Yu, D. Bridgewater, J.M. Wolf, E. Canalis Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research

Homozygosity for CREB3L1 premature stop codon in first case of recessive osteogenesis imperfecta associated with OASIS-deficiency to survive infancy
Mutations of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-stress transducer OASIS (encoded by CREB3L1), cause severe recessive osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) not compatible with surviving the neonatal period, as has been shown in two unrelated families through a whole gene deletion vs. a qualitative alteration of OASIS. Heterozygous carriers in the described families have exhibited a mild phenotype. OASIS is a transcription factor highly expressed in osteoblasts, and OASIS −/− mice exhibit severe osteopenia and spontaneous fractures. (Source: Bone)
Source: Bone - June 21, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Katarina Lindahl, Eva Åström, Anca Dragomir, Sofie Symoens, Paul Coucke, Sune Larsson, Eleftherios Paschalis, Paul Roschger, Sonja Gamsjaeger, Klaus Klaushofer, Nadja Fratzl-Zelman, Andreas Kindmark Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research

Influence of weight gain on the modulation of wound healing following tooth extraction
This study assessed the association between obesity and alveoli repair after tooth extraction. (Source: Bone)
Source: Bone - June 20, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Cristiane Furuse, Aline F. Almeida, Sidnei F. Costa, Ana Cl áudia E. Silva, Roberta Okamoto, Doris H. Sumida, Mariza A. Matsumoto, Fábio R.M. Leite Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research

Novel WNT1 mutations in children with osteogenesis imperfecta: Clinical and functional characterization
Biallelic mutations in WNT1 can give rise to a rare form of moderate to severe OI. Here we report on 12 children (age 2 to 16  years; 5 girls) with biallelic WNT1 mutations. (Source: Bone)
Source: Bone - June 20, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Yanqin Lu, Xiuzhi Ren, Yanzhou Wang, Ghalib Bardai, Marc Sturm, Yunzhang Dai, Olaf Riess, Yao Zhang, Hu Li, Tianyou Li, Naixiang Zhai, Jian Zhang, Frank Rauch, Jinxiang Han Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research

BCL3 regulates RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis by interacting with TRAF6 in bone marrow-derived macrophages
Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) is an essential component of the signaling complex that mediates osteoclastogenesis. As an adaptor protein of E3 ligase function, TRAF6 regulates NF- κB signaling via TAK1 and I-κB kinase (IKK) activation. Here, we investigated novel mechanisms by which TRAF6 signaling is regulated under receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclastogenesis. (Source: Bone)
Source: Bone - June 19, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Kun Wang, Shuai Li, Yong Gao, Xiaobo Feng, Wei Liu, Rongjin Luo, Yu Song, JiTu, Yingle Liu, Cao Yang Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research

Bone metabolic responses to low energy availability achieved by diet or exercise in active eumenorrheic women
We aimed to explore the effects of low energy availability (EA)[15  kcal·kg lean body mass (LBM)−1·d−1] achieved by diet or exercise on bone turnover markers in active, eumenorrheic women. (Source: Bone)
Source: Bone - June 19, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Maria Papageorgiou, Daniel Martin, Hannah Colgan, Simon Cooper, Julie P. Greeves, Jonathan C.Y. Tang, William D. Fraser, Kirsty J. Elliott-Sale, Craig Sale Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research

Mutations in the Neuroblastoma Amplified Sequence gene in a family affected by Acrofrontofacionasal Dysostosis type 1
Acrofrontofacionasal Dysostosis type 1 (AFFND1) is an extremely rare, autosomal recessive syndrome, comprising facial and skeletal abnormalities, short stature and intellectual disability. We analyzed an Indian family with two affected siblings by exome sequencing and identified a novel homozygous truncating mutation in the Neuroblastoma-Amplified Sequence (NBAS) gene in the patients' genome. Mutations in the NBAS gene have recently been associated with different phenotypes mainly involving skeletal formation, liver and cognitive development. (Source: Bone)
Source: Bone - June 18, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Eleonora Palagano, Giulia Zuccarini, Paolo Prontera, Renato Borgatti, Gabriela Stangoni, Sandro Elisei, Stefano Mantero, Ciro Menale, Antonella Forlino, Paolo Uva, Manuela Oppo, Paolo Vezzoni, Anna Villa, Giorgio R. Merlo, Cristina Sobacchi Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research

Iron overload involved in the enhancement of unloading-induced bone loss by hypomagnetic field
During deep-space exploration missions, astronauts will be exposed to abnormal space environments including microgravity and hypomagnetic field (HyMF) that is 10,000 times weaker than geomagnetic field (GMF). It is well known that microgravity in space can induce bone loss; however, it is ill-defined whether HyMF involved in this process. Herein, we aimed to investigate the combined effects of HyMF and microgravity on bone loss. A mouse model of hindlimb suspension (HLU) was adopted to simulate microgravity-induced bone loss, that was exposed to a hypomagnetic field of (Source: Bone)
Source: Bone - June 18, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Jiancheng Yang, Xiaofeng Meng, Dandan Dong, Yanru Xue, Xin Chen, Shenghang Wang, Ying Shen, Gejing Zhang, Peng Shang Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research

Bone and plasma citrate is reduced in osteoporosis
High concentration of citrate exists in bone of humans and all osteo-vertebrates, and citrate incorporation imparts important biomechanical and other functional properties to bone. However, which cells are responsible for citrate production in bone remains unclear and whether the citrate component changes with bone loss during osteoporosis is also not known. Here, we show that the citrate content is markedly reduced in the bone of mice or rats with age-related, ovariectomy-induced or retinoic acid-induced bone loss. (Source: Bone)
Source: Bone - June 18, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Hongdong Chen, Yeyang Wang, Huaiqian Dai, Xinggui Tian, Zhong-Kai Cui, Zhenguo Chen, Le Hu, Qiancheng Song, Anling Liu, Zhiyong Zhang, Guozhi Xiao, Jian Yang, Yu Jiang, Xiaochun Bai Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research

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Source: Bone - June 16, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Clinical utility of bone markers in various diseases
Measurements of bone markers (BMs) in peripheral blood or urine are a pivotal part of bone research within modern clinical medicine. In recent years the use of BMs increased substantially as they can be useful either to diagnose bone (related) disease and to follow its natural history, but also to monitor the effects of interventions. However, the use of BMs is still complicated mainly due to (pre)analytical variability of these substances, limited accessibility of assays, variable cut-off values in different countries and laboratories and heterogeneous results with regard to clinical implications of measuring BMs in sever...
Source: Bone - June 16, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: M.C. Vlot, M. den Heijer, R.T. de Jongh, M.G. Vervloet, W.F. Lems, R. de Jonge, B. Obermayer-Pietsch, A.C. Heijboer Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

The effect of glucocorticoids on bone mineral density in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized, controlled trials
The role of glucocorticoids in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is widely debated. Impairment of bone formation may be counter-balanced by reduced systemic inflammation. This review aims to assess the effect of prednisolone/prednisone on bone mineral density (BMD) in patients with RA analyzed in randomized, controlled trials. (Source: Bone)
Source: Bone - June 15, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Anne-Birgitte Blavnsfeldt, Annette de Thurah, Malissa Dawn Thomsen, Simon Tarp, Bente Langdahl, Ellen-Margrethe Hauge Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research

Quantification of bone microstructure in the wrist using cone-beam computed tomography
Due to the rising life expectancy, bone diseases (e.g. osteoporosis, osteoarthritis) and trauma (e.g. fracture) have become an important socio-economic burden. Accurate visualization and quantification of the bone microstructure in vivo is seen as an important step to enhance diagnosis and treatment. Micro-computed tomography (microCT) has become the gold standard in three-dimensional (3D) imaging of trabecular bone structure. Yet, usage is limited to ex vivo analyses, hence, it cannot be used to evaluate bone and bone adaptive responses in a patient. (Source: Bone)
Source: Bone - June 14, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Karen Mys, Filip Stockmans, Evie Vereecke, G. Harry van Lenthe Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research