Impact of pandemic-related movement restriction on public access defibrillation in Japan: a retrospective cohort study
Conclusions
Prolonged and repeated movement restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic worsened the OHCA outcomes concurrently with disturbed BLS actions, including the reduced PAD incidence in out-of-home settings. Maintaining BLS training, re-arranging automated external defibrillator placement and establishing a local alert system for recruiting well-trained citizens to the scene are essential. (Source: BMJ Open)
Source: BMJ Open - April 8, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Omatsu, K., Yamashita, A., Inaba, H. Tags: Open access, Emergency medicine Source Type: research
Solving poverty or tackling healthcare inequalities? Qualitative study exploring local interpretations of national policy on health inequalities under new NHS reforms in England
Conclusions
Varied and vague interpretations of NHS policy on health inequalities are not new, but lack of clarity among local health leaders brings major risks—including interventions being poorly targeted or inadvertently widening inequalities. Greater conceptual clarity is likely needed to guide ICS action in future. (Source: BMJ Open)
Source: BMJ Open - April 8, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Alderwick, H., Hutchings, A., Mays, N. Tags: Open access, Health policy Source Type: research
Undiagnosed and uncontrolled hypertension in rural African adults: a scoping review protocol of primary health care interventions
Introduction
Non-communicable diseases cause 74% of global deaths, with cardiovascular diseases as the major contributor. Hypertension, a primary risk factor for cardiovascular disease, is highly prevalent in Africa. Diagnosis, treatment and control rates are notably limited in rural areas. This limitation results in increased risks of premature mortality and complications such as stroke due to socioeconomic, cultural and geographical challenges. Progress in African countries enhancing hypertension services through primary health care interventions exists. However, a comprehensive review of all primary health care interven...
Source: BMJ Open - April 8, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Peniston, S., Sivaramakrishnan, D., Holloway, A. Tags: Open access, Public health Source Type: research
Combination of diuretics for acute heart failure: a protocol for a systematic review of randomised clinical trials with network meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis
Introduction
Acute heart failure (AHF) is a critical, costly condition with high mortality rates, affecting millions annually. Despite advances in cardiovascular care, AHF treatment lacks robust evidence. AHF commonly manifests with sudden heart failure symptoms such as pulmonary congestion, and the pathophysiology involves fluid overload. Initial treatment is based on intravenous diuretics typically, but the optimal combination of drugs remains uncertain.
Methods and analysis
We will systematically review randomised controlled trials enrolling patients with AHF and volume overload undergoing in-hospital diuretic treatmen...
Source: BMJ Open - April 8, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Nahiz, N., Lukoschewitz, J. D., Seven, E., Olsen El Caidi, N., Hove, J. D., Jakobsen, J., Grand, J. Tags: Open access, Cardiovascular medicine Source Type: research
Subjective social status, health and well-being among older adults in China and South Korea: a cross-sectional analysis
Conclusion
Overall, the results highlight a significant association among social status, subjective health, life satisfaction and general happiness in both the countries. Health policymakers should identify effective strategies to promote healthy ageing and reduce disparities in health and well-being outcomes among older adults from different social backgrounds. (Source: BMJ Open)
Source: BMJ Open - April 8, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Yan, J., Wang, Y., Yang, E., Wang, J., Lv, B., Cao, Y., Tang, S. Tags: Open access, Epidemiology Source Type: research
Caregiving experiences of family caregivers of patients with schizophrenia in a community: a qualitative study in Beijing
Conclusion
Family caregivers experienced psychosocial distress and family stress in the process of caregiving. They had to cope with caregiving stress and were concerned about the long-term care of people with schizophrenia. These findings provide implications for intervention programmes to strengthen social support, family involvement, and active coping for caregivers and develop long-term care mechanisms for people with schizophrenia. (Source: BMJ Open)
Source: BMJ Open - April 8, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Pan, Z., Li, T., Jin, G., Lu, X. Tags: Open access, General practice / Family practice Source Type: research
Do medical specialists accept claims-based Audit and Feedback for quality improvement? A focus group study
Conclusions
Using claims-based A&F for QI is, for some clinical topics and under certain conditions, accepted by medical specialists. Acceptance of claims-based A&F can be shaped by how A&F is implemented into clinical practice. When designing A&F for QI, it should be considered whether claims data, as the most resource-efficient data source, can be used or whether it is necessary to collect more specific data. (Source: BMJ Open)
Source: BMJ Open - April 8, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: de Weerdt, V., Ybema, S., Repping, S., van der Hijden, E., Willems, H. Tags: Open access, Health services research Source Type: research
Global, regional and national epidemiology of allergic disorders in children from 1990 to 2019: findings from the Global Burden of Disease study 2019
Conclusions
Over the past three decades, there has been a worldwide increase in new asthma and AD cases, even though mortality rates have significantly declined. However, the prevalence of these allergic diseases among children varies considerably across regions, countries and age groups. This variation highlights the need for precise prevalence assessments. These assessments are vital in formulating effective strategies for prevention and treatment. (Source: BMJ Open)
Source: BMJ Open - April 8, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Lv, J.-j., Kong, X.-m., Zhao, Y., Li, X.-y., Guo, Z.-l., Zhang, Y.-j., Cheng, Z.-h. Tags: Open access, Epidemiology Source Type: research
Social prescribing for people living with dementia (PLWD) and their carers: what works, for whom, under what circumstances and why - protocol for a complex intervention systematic review
Introduction
Dementia is a complex medical condition that poses significant challenges to healthcare systems and support services. People living with dementia (PLWD) and their carers experience complex needs often exacerbated by social isolation and challenges in accessing support. Social prescribing (SP) seeks to enable PLWD and their carers to access community and voluntary sector resources to support them address such needs. Existing research, however, does not describe what SP interventions are currently in place in dementia care. Little is known about the needs these interventions are designed to address, the reasons ...
Source: BMJ Open - April 8, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Marshall, J., Papavasiliou, E., Fox, C., Hawkes, M., Irvine, A., Moniz-Cook, E., Pick, A., Polley, M. J., Reeve, J., Robinson, L., Rook, G., Sadler, E., Wolverson, E., Walker, S., Cross, J. L., the SPLENDID Collaboration, Fox, Cross, Allan, Avery, Bradbur Tags: Open access, Health services research Source Type: research
Comparison of the efficacy and tolerability of different repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation modalities for post-stroke dysphagia: a systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis protocol
This study will be the first Bayesian network meta-analysis (NMA) to determine the best rTMS modalities for swallowing of patients who had a stroke.
Methods and analysis
PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Google Scholar, Cochrane, the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, the Chongqing VIP Database and WanFang Data will be searched from their creation to 2 September 2023. All randomised controlled trials associated with rTMS for PSD will be included. Only Chinese or English results will be studied. Two researchers will independently review the literature and extract data, then use the Cochrane Collaboration’s Risk...
Source: BMJ Open - April 8, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Chen, Q., Kan, M., Jiang, X., Liu, H., Zhang, D., Yuan, L., Xu, Q., Bi, H. Tags: Open access, Rehabilitation medicine Source Type: research
Development and validation of an individualised nomogram to predict mother-to-child transmission in pregnant women with syphilis in China: a retrospective cohort study
Conclusions
Our nomogram exhibited good performance in predicting individualised risk for MTCT of syphilis, which may help guide early and personalised prevention for MTCT of syphilis. (Source: BMJ Open)
Source: BMJ Open - April 8, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Feng, S., Gao, S., Wang, Q., Cai, M., Huang, Z., Huang, Y., Hong, Y., Yuan, L., Liu, F., Jiang, H. Tags: Open access, Obstetrics & Gynaecology Obstetrics and gynaecology Source Type: research
Associations between intravaginal practices and incidence of sexually transmitted infections and bacterial vaginosis among women enrolled in the dapivirine vaginal ring trial (The Ring Study) in southwestern Uganda: a retrospective secondary analysis
Conclusions
IVP was not associated with risk of STIs/BV in the Ring Study.
Trial registration number
NCT01539226. (Source: BMJ Open)
Source: BMJ Open - April 8, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Kusemererwa, S., Ruzagira, E., Onyango, M., Kabarambi, A., Abaasa, A. Tags: Open access, Public health Source Type: research
Codesigned online cognitive bias modification of interpretations for anxiety and depression in children: study protocol of a randomised controlled trial
This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and acceptability of an online CBM-I intervention (Mindmaster) for children with symptom scores of anxiety or depression above a borderline or clinical threshold. The intervention has been codesigned with children, parents and mental health professionals to promote user engagement.
Methods and analysis
The study is a randomised controlled trial, with two parallel arms. Participants are 143 children aged 8–10 years with scores of anxiety and/or depressive symptoms above a borderline or clinical threshold. They will be allocated to either the intervention group or the wait...
Source: BMJ Open - April 8, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Sicouri, G., Daniel, E., Salemink, E., Mackinnon, A., Allsop, A., Hudson, J. Tags: Open access, Mental health Source Type: research
New opioid prescription claims and their clinical indications: results from health administrative data in Quebec, Canada, over 14 years
Conclusions
New opioid prescription claims (incidence, dose and days’ supply) decreased slightly over the last 14 years among QPDIP enrollees, especially after 2016/2017. Non-surgical and non-cancer pain became less common as their clinical indication. (Source: BMJ Open)
Source: BMJ Open - April 8, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Attisso, E., Guenette, L., Dionne, C. E., Kröger, E., Dialahy, I., Tessier, S., Jean, S. Tags: Open access, Public health Source Type: research
Literature review and protocol for a prospective multicentre cohort study on multimodal prediction of seizure recurrence after unprovoked first seizure
This study was approved by the Health Sciences and Affiliated Teaching Hospitals Research Ethics Board at Queen’s University (DMED-2681-22) and the Nova Scotia Research Ethics Board (1028519). It is supported by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (PJT-183906). Findings will be presented at national and international conferences, published in peer-reviewed journals and presented to the public via patient support organisation newsletters and talks.
Trial registration number
NCT05724719. (Source: BMJ Open)
Source: BMJ Open - April 5, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Beattie, B. C., Batista Garcia-Ramo, K., Biggs, K., Boisse Lomax, L., Brien, D. C., Gallivan, J. P., Ikeda, K., Schmidt, M., Shukla, G., Whatley, B., Woodroffe, S., Omisade, A., Winston, G. P. Tags: Open access, Neurology Source Type: research
