High glucose leads to redistribution of the proteasomal system
The original confocal microscopic image (RGB, left) was split into its three channels “red,” “green,” and “blue.” The single channels were evaluated separately in an automated process using a modified ImageJ macro. AbstractThe impact of high glucose on the cellular redox state, causing both induction of antioxidative systems and also enhanced protein oxidation is discussed for a long time. It is established that elevated glucose levels are disrupting the cellular proteostasis and influencing the proteasomal system. However, it is still unresolved whether this is due to a reaction of the cellular proteasomal sys...
Source: BioFactors - February 10, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Tilman Grune,
Vanessa Schnell,
Tobias Jung Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Crocetin regulates Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg balances, nitric oxide production, and nuclear localization of NF ‐κB in Th2‐provoked and normal situations in human‐isolated lymphocytes
The present work represented the immunomodulatory effects of crocetin on isolated lymphocytes of humans. Moreover, the results prove the promoting impacts of crocetin on T-cell subsets toward Treg (IL-) and Th1 (IFN- γ). Thus, it can have therapeutic value for treating Th2 or Th17 cells predominant diseases including allergic disease and cancers, as well as inflammatory and autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, colitis, and psoriasis. AbstractCrocetin is a natural carotenoid dicarboxylic acid derived fromCrocus sativus. It has been utilized as natural biomedicine with healing effects. The immu...
Source: BioFactors - February 7, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Vafa Baradaran Rahimi,
Saeideh Saadat,
Pouria Rahmanian Devin,
Ali Jebalbarezy,
Maryam Moqaddam,
Mohammad Hossein Boskabady,
Vahid Reza Askari Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Isolation and characterization of N ‐(2‐Hydroxyethyl)hexadecanamide from Colletotrichum gloeosporioides with apoptosis‐inducing potential in breast cancer cells
Schematic presentation of mechanism of anticancer activity ofN-(2-Hydroxyethyl)hexadecanamide (Palmitoylethanolamide; PEA) against human breast cancer cells. Antioxidant activity-guided fractionation and various spectroscopy techniques identify bioactive fraction 1 asN-(2-Hydroxyethyl)hexadecanamide (PEA).In-Silico study revealed that PEA shows potential binding affinity with the apoptotic inducer proteins Bax, Bcl-2, P21, and P53. Further,in vitro study validated theIn-Silico analysis and showed that PEA induces apoptosis in human breast cancer cells, MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 by altering the expression level of extrinsic and ...
Source: BioFactors - February 6, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Nilesh Rai,
Priyamvada Gupta,
Ashish Verma,
Santosh Kumar Singh,
Vibhav Gautam Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Planning the new phase of BioFactors: An IUBMB journal
(Source: BioFactors)
Source: BioFactors - February 1, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Irene Diaz ‐Moreno Tags: EDITORIAL Source Type: research
Taurine rescues pancreatic β‐cell stress by stimulating α‐cell transdifferentiation
Dietary amino acid taurine preferentially targets pancreatic alpha-cells to induce their transdifferentiation into beta-cells, upon the condition of depletion of the latter. AbstractThe semi-essential ubiquitous amino acid taurine has been shown to alleviate obesity and hyperglycemia in humans; however, the pathways underlying the antidiabetic actions have not been characterized. We explored the effect of chronic taurine exposure on cell biology of pancreatic islets, in degenerative type 1-like diabetes. The latter was modeled by small dose of streptozotocin (STZ) injection for 5 days in mice, followed by a 10-day admin...
Source: BioFactors - January 31, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Dipak Sarnobat,
R. Charlotte Moffett,
Jinfang Ma,
Peter R. Flatt,
Neville H. McClenaghan,
Andrei I. Tarasov Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Tau, tau kinases, and tauopathies: An updated overview
AbstractTau is a macrotubule-associated protein primarily involved in the stabilization of the cytoskeleton. Under normal conditions, phosphorylation reduces the affinity of tau for tubulin, allowing the protein to detach from microtubules and ensuring the system dynamics in neuronal cells. However, hyperphosphorylated tau aggregates into paired helical filaments, the main constituents of neurofibrillary tangles found in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease and other tauopathies. In this review, we provide an overview of the structure of tau and the pathophysiological roles of tau phosphorylation. We also evalua...
Source: BioFactors - January 24, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Giulia Montalto,
Roberta Ricciarelli Tags: REVIEW ARTICLE Source Type: research
The neuropeptide substance P/neurokinin ‐1 receptor system and diabetes: From mechanism to therapy
Here, we review the current knowledge of the functional relevance of the substance P/neurokinin 1 receptor (SP/NK1R) system in diabetes pathogenesis and its exploitation for diabetes therapy. A comprehensive understanding of the role of the SP/NK1R system in diabetes is expected to shed further light on developing new therapeutic possibilities for diabetes and its associated chronic conditions. AbstractDiabetes is a significant public health issue known as the world's fastest-growing disease condition. It is characterized by persistent hyperglycemia and subsequent chronic complications leading to organ dysfunction and, ult...
Source: BioFactors - January 19, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Fariba Kokabi,
Safieh Ebrahimi,
Farshad Mirzavi,
Nazanin Ghiasi Nooghabi,
Seyedeh Fatemeh Hashemi,
Seyed Isaac Hashemy Tags: REVIEW ARTICLE Source Type: research
