Structural insights into ferroportin mediated iron transport
Biochem Soc Trans. 2023 Dec 20:BST20230594. doi: 10.1042/BST20230594. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTIron is a vital trace element for almost all organisms, and maintaining iron homeostasis is critical for human health. In mammals, the only known gatekeeper between intestinally absorbed iron and circulatory blood plasma is the membrane transporter ferroportin (Fpn). As such, dysfunction of Fpn or its regulation is a key driver of iron-related pathophysiology. This review focuses on discussing recent insights from high-resolution structural studies of the Fpn protein family. While these studies have unveiled crucial details ...
Source: Biochemical Society Transactions - December 20, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Mika Jormakka Source Type: research
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase interactions in SARS-CoV-2 infection
Biochem Soc Trans. 2023 Dec 20;51(6):2127-2141. doi: 10.1042/BST20230527.ABSTRACTAminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs) are ancient enzymes that serve a foundational role in the efficient and accurate translation of genetic information from messenger RNA to proteins. These proteins play critical, non-canonical functions in a multitude of cellular processes. Multiple viruses are known to hijack the functions of aaRSs for proviral outcomes, while cells modify antiviral responses through non-canonical functions of certain synthetases. Recent findings have revealed that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2),...
Source: Biochemical Society Transactions - December 18, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Debjit Khan Paul L Fox Source Type: research
Layered mechanisms regulating the human mitochondrial NAD+ transporter SLC25A51
Biochem Soc Trans. 2023 Dec 20;51(6):1989-2004. doi: 10.1042/BST20220318.ABSTRACTSLC25A51 is the primary mitochondrial NAD+ transporter in humans and controls many local reactions by mediating the influx of oxidized NAD+. Intriguingly, SLC25A51 lacks several key features compared with other members in the mitochondrial carrier family, thus its molecular mechanism has been unclear. A deeper understanding would shed light on the control of cellular respiration, the citric acid cycle, and free NAD+ concentrations in mammalian mitochondria. This review discusses recent insights into the transport mechanism of SLC25A51, and in ...
Source: Biochemical Society Transactions - December 18, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Shivansh Goyal Xiaolu A Cambronne Source Type: research
Advances in understanding telomerase assembly
Biochem Soc Trans. 2023 Dec 20;51(6):2093-2101. doi: 10.1042/BST20230269.ABSTRACTTelomerase is a complex ribonucleoprotein scaffolded by the telomerase RNA (TR). Telomere lengthening by telomerase is essential to maintain the proliferative potential of stem cells and germ cells, and telomerase is inappropriately activated in the majority of cancers. Assembly of TR with its 12 protein co-factors and the maturation of the 5'- and 3'-ends of TR have been the focus of intense research efforts over the past two decades. High-resolution Cryo-EM structures of human telomerase, high-throughput sequencing of the 3' end of TR, and l...
Source: Biochemical Society Transactions - December 18, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Basma M Klump Jens C Schmidt Source Type: research
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase interactions in SARS-CoV-2 infection
Biochem Soc Trans. 2023 Dec 18:BST20230527. doi: 10.1042/BST20230527. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs) are ancient enzymes that serve a foundational role in the efficient and accurate translation of genetic information from messenger RNA to proteins. These proteins play critical, non-canonical functions in a multitude of cellular processes. Multiple viruses are known to hijack the functions of aaRSs for proviral outcomes, while cells modify antiviral responses through non-canonical functions of certain synthetases. Recent findings have revealed that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavi...
Source: Biochemical Society Transactions - December 18, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Debjit Khan Paul L Fox Source Type: research
Layered mechanisms regulating the human mitochondrial NAD+ transporter SLC25A51
Biochem Soc Trans. 2023 Dec 18:BST20220318. doi: 10.1042/BST20220318. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTSLC25A51 is the primary mitochondrial NAD+ transporter in humans and controls many local reactions by mediating the influx of oxidized NAD+. Intriguingly, SLC25A51 lacks several key features compared with other members in the mitochondrial carrier family, thus its molecular mechanism has been unclear. A deeper understanding would shed light on the control of cellular respiration, the citric acid cycle, and free NAD+ concentrations in mammalian mitochondria. This review discusses recent insights into the transport mechanism o...
Source: Biochemical Society Transactions - December 18, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Shivansh Goyal Xiaolu A Cambronne Source Type: research
Advances in understanding telomerase assembly
Biochem Soc Trans. 2023 Dec 18:BST20230269. doi: 10.1042/BST20230269. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTTelomerase is a complex ribonucleoprotein scaffolded by the telomerase RNA (TR). Telomere lengthening by telomerase is essential to maintain the proliferative potential of stem cells and germ cells, and telomerase is inappropriately activated in the majority of cancers. Assembly of TR with its 12 protein co-factors and the maturation of the 5'- and 3'-ends of TR have been the focus of intense research efforts over the past two decades. High-resolution Cryo-EM structures of human telomerase, high-throughput sequencing of the ...
Source: Biochemical Society Transactions - December 18, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Basma M Klump Jens C Schmidt Source Type: research
The multifunctional role of intrinsic disorder in NF- κB signaling
Biochem Soc Trans. 2023 Dec 14:BST20230035. doi: 10.1042/BST20230035. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) transcription activation system involves disordered regions of both the NF-κB dimers and their inhibitors, the IκBs. The system is well-studied both at the cellular and biophysical levels affording a unique opportunity to compare and contrast the conclusions from both types of experiments. Through a combination of both experiments and theory, we have discovered that the RelA/p50 heterodimer and its inhibitor IκBα operate under kinetic control. Intrinsically disordered parts of both protein...
Source: Biochemical Society Transactions - December 14, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Elizabeth A Komives Source Type: research
The PDLIM family of actin-associated proteins and their emerging role in membrane trafficking
Biochem Soc Trans. 2023 Dec 14:BST20220804. doi: 10.1042/BST20220804. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe PDZ and LIM domain (PDLIM) proteins are associated with the actin cytoskeleton and have conserved in roles in metazoan actin organisation and function. They primarily function as scaffolds linking various proteins to actin and its binding partner α-actinin via two conserved domains; an N-terminal postsynaptic density 95, discs large and zonula occludens-1 (PDZ) domain, and either single or multiple C-terminal LIN-11, Isl-1 and MEC-3 (LIM) domains in the actinin-associated LIM protein (ALP)- and Enigma-related proteins, ...
Source: Biochemical Society Transactions - December 14, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Michael D Healy Brett M Collins Source Type: research
The multifunctional role of intrinsic disorder in NF- κB signaling
Biochem Soc Trans. 2023 Dec 14:BST20230035. doi: 10.1042/BST20230035. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) transcription activation system involves disordered regions of both the NF-κB dimers and their inhibitors, the IκBs. The system is well-studied both at the cellular and biophysical levels affording a unique opportunity to compare and contrast the conclusions from both types of experiments. Through a combination of both experiments and theory, we have discovered that the RelA/p50 heterodimer and its inhibitor IκBα operate under kinetic control. Intrinsically disordered parts of both protein...
Source: Biochemical Society Transactions - December 14, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Elizabeth A Komives Source Type: research
The PDLIM family of actin-associated proteins and their emerging role in membrane trafficking
Biochem Soc Trans. 2023 Dec 14:BST20220804. doi: 10.1042/BST20220804. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe PDZ and LIM domain (PDLIM) proteins are associated with the actin cytoskeleton and have conserved in roles in metazoan actin organisation and function. They primarily function as scaffolds linking various proteins to actin and its binding partner α-actinin via two conserved domains; an N-terminal postsynaptic density 95, discs large and zonula occludens-1 (PDZ) domain, and either single or multiple C-terminal LIN-11, Isl-1 and MEC-3 (LIM) domains in the actinin-associated LIM protein (ALP)- and Enigma-related proteins, ...
Source: Biochemical Society Transactions - December 14, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Michael D Healy Brett M Collins Source Type: research
The multifunctional role of intrinsic disorder in NF- κB signaling
Biochem Soc Trans. 2023 Dec 14:BST20230035. doi: 10.1042/BST20230035. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) transcription activation system involves disordered regions of both the NF-κB dimers and their inhibitors, the IκBs. The system is well-studied both at the cellular and biophysical levels affording a unique opportunity to compare and contrast the conclusions from both types of experiments. Through a combination of both experiments and theory, we have discovered that the RelA/p50 heterodimer and its inhibitor IκBα operate under kinetic control. Intrinsically disordered parts of both protein...
Source: Biochemical Society Transactions - December 14, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Elizabeth A Komives Source Type: research
The PDLIM family of actin-associated proteins and their emerging role in membrane trafficking
Biochem Soc Trans. 2023 Dec 14:BST20220804. doi: 10.1042/BST20220804. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe PDZ and LIM domain (PDLIM) proteins are associated with the actin cytoskeleton and have conserved in roles in metazoan actin organisation and function. They primarily function as scaffolds linking various proteins to actin and its binding partner α-actinin via two conserved domains; an N-terminal postsynaptic density 95, discs large and zonula occludens-1 (PDZ) domain, and either single or multiple C-terminal LIN-11, Isl-1 and MEC-3 (LIM) domains in the actinin-associated LIM protein (ALP)- and Enigma-related proteins, ...
Source: Biochemical Society Transactions - December 14, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Michael D Healy Brett M Collins Source Type: research
The multifunctional role of intrinsic disorder in NF- κB signaling
Biochem Soc Trans. 2023 Dec 14:BST20230035. doi: 10.1042/BST20230035. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) transcription activation system involves disordered regions of both the NF-κB dimers and their inhibitors, the IκBs. The system is well-studied both at the cellular and biophysical levels affording a unique opportunity to compare and contrast the conclusions from both types of experiments. Through a combination of both experiments and theory, we have discovered that the RelA/p50 heterodimer and its inhibitor IκBα operate under kinetic control. Intrinsically disordered parts of both protein...
Source: Biochemical Society Transactions - December 14, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Elizabeth A Komives Source Type: research
The PDLIM family of actin-associated proteins and their emerging role in membrane trafficking
Biochem Soc Trans. 2023 Dec 14:BST20220804. doi: 10.1042/BST20220804. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe PDZ and LIM domain (PDLIM) proteins are associated with the actin cytoskeleton and have conserved in roles in metazoan actin organisation and function. They primarily function as scaffolds linking various proteins to actin and its binding partner α-actinin via two conserved domains; an N-terminal postsynaptic density 95, discs large and zonula occludens-1 (PDZ) domain, and either single or multiple C-terminal LIN-11, Isl-1 and MEC-3 (LIM) domains in the actinin-associated LIM protein (ALP)- and Enigma-related proteins, ...
Source: Biochemical Society Transactions - December 14, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Michael D Healy Brett M Collins Source Type: research
