Check point inhibitors and autoimmunity: endocrinopathies and susceptibility
Publication date: Available online 5 March 2020Source: Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & MetabolismAuthor(s): Ruth Percik, Yehuda Shoenfeld (Source: Best Practice and Research Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism)
Source: Best Practice and Research Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism - March 5, 2020 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

New perspectives for mitotane treatment of adrenocortical carcinoma
Publication date: Available online 5 March 2020Source: Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & MetabolismAuthor(s): S. Puglisi, A. Calabrese, V. Basile, A. Pia, G. Reimondo, P. Perotti, M. Terzolo (Source: Best Practice and Research Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism)
Source: Best Practice and Research Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism - March 5, 2020 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Cushing's syndrome – Disease monitoring: Recurrence, surveillance with biomarkers or imaging studies
Publication date: Available online 30 January 2020Source: Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & MetabolismAuthor(s): Oskar Ragnarsson (Source: Best Practice and Research Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism)
Source: Best Practice and Research Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism - March 3, 2020 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Surgery for adrenocortical carcinoma: When and how?
Publication date: Available online 3 March 2020Source: Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & MetabolismAuthor(s): Tiffany J. Sinclair, Andrea Gillis, Wilson M. Alobuia, Hannah Wild, Electron Kebebew (Source: Best Practice and Research Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism)
Source: Best Practice and Research Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism - March 3, 2020 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Gestational diabetes insipidus: diagnosis and management
Publication date: Available online 27 February 2020Source: Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & MetabolismAuthor(s): Sonia Ananthakrishnan (Source: Best Practice and Research Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism)
Source: Best Practice and Research Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism - February 28, 2020 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Diagnosis and differential diagnosis of diabetes insipidus: update
Publication date: Available online 28 February 2020Source: Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & MetabolismAuthor(s): Julie Refardt (Source: Best Practice and Research Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism)
Source: Best Practice and Research Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism - February 28, 2020 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

The spectrum of low-renin hypertension
Publication date: Available online 25 February 2020Source: Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & MetabolismAuthor(s): Fabrizio Buffolo, Silvia Monticone, Alessio Pecori, Jacopo Pieroni, Isabel Losano, Giovanni Cavaglià, Martina Tetti, Franco Veglio, Paolo Mulatero (Source: Best Practice and Research Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism)
Source: Best Practice and Research Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism - February 26, 2020 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Graves’ disease: Epidemiology, genetic and environmental risk factors and viruses
Publication date: Available online 4 February 2020Source: Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & MetabolismAuthor(s): Alessandro Antonelli, Silvia Martina Ferrari, Francesca Ragusa, Giusy Elia, Sabrina Rosaria Paparo, Ilaria Ruffilli, Armando Patrizio, Claudia Giusti, Debora Gonnella, Alfonso Cristaudo, Rudy Foddis, Yehuda Shoenfeld, Poupak Fallahi (Source: Best Practice and Research Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism)
Source: Best Practice and Research Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism - February 25, 2020 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Controversies and advances in adrenal venous sampling in the diagnostic workup of primary aldosteronism
Publication date: Available online 22 February 2020Source: Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & MetabolismAuthor(s): Martin Wolley, Moe Thuzar, Michael StowasserAbstractAdrenal venous sampling (AVS) is a key part of the diagnostic workup of primary aldosteronism, distinguishing unilateral from bilateral disease and determining treatment options. Although AVS is a well-established procedure, many aspects remain controversial, including optimal patient selection for the procedure and exactly how AVS is performed and interpreted. Despite the controversies, a growing body of evidence supports the use of AVS in mos...
Source: Best Practice and Research Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism - February 23, 2020 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Autoimmune Addison's disease
Publication date: Available online 30 January 2020Source: Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & MetabolismAuthor(s): Serena Saverino, Alberto FalorniPrimary adrenal insufficiency (PAI) occurs in 1/5000–1/7000 individuals in the general population. Autoimmune Addison's disease (AAD) is the major cause of PAI and is a major component of autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1 (APS1) and type 2 (APS2). Presence of 21-hydroxylase autoantibodies (21OHAb) identifies subjects with ongoing clinical or pre-clinical adrenal autoimmunity. AAD requires life-long substitutive therapy with two-three daily doses of hydroco...
Source: Best Practice and Research Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism - February 15, 2020 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

What is the role of medical therapy in adrenal-dependent Cushing's syndrome?
Publication date: Available online 31 January 2020Source: Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & MetabolismAuthor(s): Leah T. Braun, Martin ReinckeMedical therapy to control hypercortisolism in adrenal Cushing's syndrome is currently not the first-line therapy. However, in many clinical scenarios like pre-surgical treatment, in patients who are not suitable candidates for surgery or in patients with bilateral hyperplasia, medical therapy can be important representing the only viable treatment option. Adrenal steroidogenesis inhibitors and glucocorticoid receptor blockers have been used for many years: metyrapone...
Source: Best Practice and Research Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism - February 15, 2020 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Endocrine disruptors and thyroid autoimmunity
Publication date: Available online 11 February 2020Source: Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & MetabolismAuthor(s): Salvatore Benvenga, Giusy Elia, Francesca Ragusa, Sabrina Rosaria Paparo, Mattia Maria Sturniolo, Silvia Martina Ferrari, Alessandro Antonelli, Poupak FallahiAbstractMany papers evaluated the effect of the environmental, or occupational endocrine disruptors (ED), on the thyroid gland, that can lead to thyroid autoimmunity. A higher prevalence of “autoimmune thyroid diseases” (AITD) was observed in people living in polluted areas near to petrochemical plants, and in petrochemical workers, but...
Source: Best Practice and Research Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism - February 12, 2020 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Cushing's syndrome: Treatment and new therapeutic approaches
Publication date: Available online 30 January 2020Source: Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & MetabolismAuthor(s): Amandine Ferriere, Antoine TabarinOvert Cushing's syndrome is a severe condition responsible for multiple comorbidities and increased mortality. Effective treatment is essential to reduce mortality, improve comorbidities and long-term quality of life. Surgical resection of the causal lesion(s) is generally the first-line and most effective treatment to normalize cortisol secretion. Adjunctive symptomatic treatments of co-morbidities are often necessary both during the active phase of the disease ...
Source: Best Practice and Research Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism - February 6, 2020 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Graves' disease: epidemiology, genetic and environmental risk factors and viruses
Publication date: Available online 4 February 2020Source: Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & MetabolismAuthor(s): Alessandro Antonelli, Silvia Martina Ferrari, Francesca Ragusa, Giusy Elia, Sabrina Rosaria Paparo, Ilaria Ruffilli, Armando Patrizio, Claudia Giusti, Debora Gonnella, Alfonso Cristaudo, Rudy Foddis, Yehuda Shoenfeld, Poupak FallahiAbstractGraves' disease (GD) is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism in developed Countries. It is more common between 30-60 years; 5-10 times more frequent in women. The genetic predisposition accounts for 79% of the risk for GD, while environmental factors for 21...
Source: Best Practice and Research Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism - February 5, 2020 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Adrenocortical hyperplasia: a multifaceted disease
Publication date: Available online 4 February 2020Source: Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & MetabolismAuthor(s): Isabelle Bourdeau, Stéfanie Parisien-La Salle, André LacroixAbstractAdrenocortical hyperplasia may develop in different contexts. Primary adrenal hyperplasia may be secondary to primary bilateral macronodular adrenocortical hyperplasia (PBMAH) or micronodular bilateral adrenal hyperplasia (MiBAH) which may be divided in primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease (PPNAD) and isolated micronodular adrenocortical disease (i-MAD). Both lead to oversecretion of cortisol and potentially to Cush...
Source: Best Practice and Research Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism - February 4, 2020 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research