Australasian Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Dielectric properties of urine in relation to bladder cancer
This study aims to investigate the dielectric properties of urine in relation to bladder cancer, which is safe and non-invasive to patients. 30 healthy subjects and 30 bladder cancer patients were recruited. Their urine samples were subjected to urinalysis and cytology assessment. A vector network analyzer was used to measure the dielectric constant ( Ɛ′) and loss factor (Ɛ″) at microwave frequencies of between 0.2 and 50 GHz at 25 °C, 30 °C and 37 °C. Significant differences in Ɛ′ and Ɛ″ were observed between healthy subjects and patients, especially at frequencies of between 25 and 40 GHz at 25 °C. ...
Source: Australasian Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine - October 16, 2023 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

The assessment of the clinical impact of using a single set of radiotherapy planning data for two kilovoltage therapy units
This study reviewed kilovoltage dosimetry and treatment planning scenarios to evaluate the feasibility of using ACPSEM annual QA tolerances to determine whether two units (of the same make and model) were dosimetrically matched. The dosimetric characteristics, such as measured half value layer (HVL), percentage depth dose (PDD), applicator factor and output variation with stand-off distance for each kV unit were compared to assess the agreement. Independent planning data based on the measured HVL for each beam energy from each kV unit was prepared. Monitor unit (MU) calculations were performed using both sets of planning d...
Source: Australasian Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine - October 16, 2023 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

Prostate volume analysis in image registration for prostate cancer care: a verification study
This study compares CT-MR registration algorithms for urological prostate cancer care. Paired whole-pelvis MR and CT scan data were used (n  = 20). A manual prostate CTV contour was performed independently on each patients MR and CT image. A semi-automated rigid-, automated rigid- and automated non-rigid registration technique was applied to align the MR and CT data. Dice Similarity Index (DSI), 95% Hausdorff distance (95%HD) and av erage surface distance (ASD) measures were used to assess the closeness of the manual and registered contours. The automated non-rigid approach had a significantly improved performance comp...
Source: Australasian Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine - October 11, 2023 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

Determination of acceptable Hounsfield units uncertainties via a sensitivity analysis for an accurate dose calculation in the context of prostate MRI-only radiotherapy
AbstractRadiation therapy is moving from CT based to MRI guided planning, particularly for soft tissue anatomy. An important requirement of this new workflow is the generation of synthetic-CT (sCT) from MRI to enable treatment dose calculations. Automatic methods to determine the acceptable range of CT Hounsfield Unit (HU) uncertainties to avoid dose distribution errors is thus a key step toward safe MRI-only radiotherapy. This work has analysed the effects of controlled errors introduced in CT scans on the delivered radiation dose for prostate cancer patients. Spearman correlation coefficient has been computed, and a glob...
Source: Australasian Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine - October 10, 2023 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

Automated anomalous child repetitive head movement identification through transformer networks
AbstractThe increasing prevalence of behavioral disorders in children is of growing concern within the medical community. Recognising the significance of early identification and intervention for atypical behaviors, there is a consensus on their pivotal role in improving outcomes. Due to inadequate facilities and a shortage of medical professionals with specialized expertise, traditional diagnostic methods have been unable to effectively address the rising incidence of behavioral disorders. Hence, there is a need to develop automated approaches for the diagnosis of behavioral disorders in children, to overcome the challeng...
Source: Australasian Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine - October 9, 2023 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

Innovative aberration correction in ultrasound diagnostics with direct phase estimation for enhanced image quality
This study proposes a new phase aberration correction method based on the Fourier transform and leveraging of the synthetic aperture mode. The proposed method enables correction after the emission and reception of ultrasonic wave, allowing for the estimation of aberration profiles for different parts of the sonogram. To demonstrate the method ’s performance, this study included the conducting of experiments using a commercially available quality control phantom, anex-vivo temporal human bone, and specially designed distortion layers. At a frequency of 2  MHz, the experiments demonstrated an increase of two-and-three-qua...
Source: Australasian Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine - October 5, 2023 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

A novel computer modeling and simulation technique for bronchi motion tracking in human lungs under respiration
AbstractIn this work, we proposed a novel computer modeling and simulation technique for motion tracking of lung bronchi (or tumors) under respiration using 9 cases of computed tomography (CT)-based patient-specific finite element (FE) models and Ogden ’s hyperelastic model. In the fabrication of patient-specific FE models for the respiratory system, various organs such as the mediastinum, diaphragm, and thorax that could affect the lung motions during breathing were considered. To describe the nonlinear material behavior of lung parenchyma, the comparative simulation for biaxial tension-compression of lung parenchyma wa...
Source: Australasian Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine - October 3, 2023 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

Double-sided asymmetric method for automated fetal heart rate baseline calculation
AbstractThe fetal heart rate (FHR) signal is used to assess the well-being of a fetus during labor. Manual interpretation of the FHR is subject to high inter- and intra-observer variability, leading to inconsistent clinical decision-making. The baseline of the FHR signal is crucial for its interpretation. An automated method for baseline determination may reduce interpretation variability. Based on this claim, we present the Auto-Regressed Double-Sided Improved Asymmetric Least Squares (ARDSIAsLS) method as a baseline calculation algorithm designed to imitate expert obstetrician baseline determination. As the FHR signal is...
Source: Australasian Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine - September 28, 2023 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

Assessment of interfraction dose variation in pancreas SBRT using daily simulation MR images
AbstractPancreatic Cancer is associated with poor treatment outcomes compared to other cancers. High local control rates have been achieved by using hypofractionated stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) to treat pancreatic cancer. Challenges in delivering SBRT include close proximity of several organs at risk (OARs) and target volume inter and intra fraction positional variations. Magnetic resonance image (MRI) guided radiotherapy has shown potential for online adaptive radiotherapy for pancreatic cancer, with superior soft tissue contrast compared to CT. The aim of this study was to investigate the variability of target ...
Source: Australasian Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine - September 25, 2023 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

Parameterized aperiodic and periodic components of single-channel EEG enables reliable seizure detection
This study is aimed to propose an effective single-channel EEG seizure detection method centered on novel EEG power parameterization and channel selection algorithms.  We employed the publicly available multi-channel CHB-MIT Scalp EEG database to gauge the effectiveness of our approach. We first adapted a power spectra parameterization algorithm to characterize the aperiodic and periodic components of the ictal and inter-ictal EEGs. We selected four features bas ed on their statistical significance and interpretability, and developed a ranking approach to channel selection for each patient. We then tested the effectivenes...
Source: Australasian Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine - September 25, 2023 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

Blood pressure estimation and classification using a reference signal-less photoplethysmography signal: a deep learning framework
AbstractThe markers that help to predict th function of a cardiovascular system are hemodynamic parameters like blood pressure (BP), stroke volume, heart rate, and cardiac output. Continuous analysis of hemodynamic parameters such as BP can detect abnormalities earlier, preventing cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, sometimes due to motion artifacts, it becomes difficult to monitor the BP accurately and classify it. This work presents an optimized deep learning model having the capability to estimate the systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and classify the BP stages simultaneously from the...
Source: Australasian Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine - September 25, 2023 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

Regression fitting megavoltage depth dose curves to determine material relative electron density in radiotherapy
AbstractThe relative electron density (RED) parameter is ubiquitous throughout radiotherapy for clinical dosimetry and treatment planning purposes as it provides a more accurate description of the relevant radiological properties over mass density alone. RED is in practice determined indirectly from calibrated CT Hounsfield Units (HU). While CT images provide useful 3D information, the spectral differences between CT and clinical LINAC beams may impact the validity of the CT-ED calibration, especially in the context of novel tissue-mimicking materials where deviations from biologically typical atomic number to atomic weigh...
Source: Australasian Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine - September 21, 2023 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

Correction to: Weight-bearing cone-beam CT with extensive coverage for volumetric imaging in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: system implementation and initial validation
(Source: Australasian Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine)
Source: Australasian Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine - September 21, 2023 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

Physical characteristics of deep learning-based image processing software in computed tomography: a phantom study
ConclusionDLIPFBP reduced image noise while maintaining a resolution similar to commercially available MBIR and DLR. The slight spatial frequency shift offP in DLIPFBP contributed to the noise texture degradation suppression. The NPS suppression in the low spatial frequency range effectively improved the low-contrast detectability. (Source: Australasian Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine)
Source: Australasian Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine - September 19, 2023 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

LED light can falsify pulse oximetry readings via the stroboscopic effect
AbstractBecause of its simplicity, pulse oximetry plays a ubiquitous role in neonatology. Its measurements are based on the absorption of light by hemoglobin. Ambient light can affect these values, therefore algorithms are designed to compensate for constant ambient light. Modern light-emitting diodes often flicker at a very high frequency. Such flickering ambient light can lead to significant measurement errors in saturation. To present a novel way in which light-emitting diodes influence the function of pulse oximeters and to demonstrate mathematically that a stroboscopic effect may well be responsible for this disturban...
Source: Australasian Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine - September 19, 2023 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research