Characterization of Atherosclerotic Mice Reveals a Sex-Dependent Susceptibility to Plaque Calcification but No Major Changes in the Lymphatics in the Arterial Wall
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Apr 5;25(7):4046. doi: 10.3390/ijms25074046.ABSTRACTLymphatics participate in reverse cholesterol transport, and their presence in the arterial wall of the great vessels and prior experimental results suggest their possible role in the development of atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to characterize the lymphatic vasculature of the arterial wall in atherosclerosis. Tissue sections and tissue-cleared aortas of wild-type mice unveiled significant differences in the density of the arterial lymphatic network throughout the arterial tree. Male and female Ldlr-/- and ApoE-/- mice on a Western diet sh...
Source: Atherosclerosis - April 13, 2024 Category: Cardiology Authors: Carolin Christ Zsombor Ocskay G ábor Kovács Zolt án Jakus Source Type: research
Roles of Integrin in Cardiovascular Diseases: From Basic Research to Clinical Implications
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Apr 7;25(7):4096. doi: 10.3390/ijms25074096.ABSTRACTCardiovascular diseases (CVDs) pose a significant global health threat due to their complex pathogenesis and high incidence, imposing a substantial burden on global healthcare systems. Integrins, a group of heterodimers consisting of α and β subunits that are located on the cell membrane, have emerged as key players in mediating the occurrence and progression of CVDs by regulating the physiological activities of endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, platelets, fibroblasts, cardiomyocytes, and various immune cells. The crucial role of integ...
Source: Atherosclerosis - April 13, 2024 Category: Cardiology Authors: Shuo Zhang Qingfang Zhang Yutong Lu Jianrui Chen Jinkai Liu Zhuohan Li Zhenzhen Xie Source Type: research
Effect of Empagliflozin with or without the Addition of Evolocumab on HDL Subspecies in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Post Hoc Analysis of the EXCEED-BHS3 Trial
This study aims to assess the effect of evolocumab plus empagliflozin vs. empagliflozin alone on HDL subspecies isolated from individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). This post hoc prespecified analysis of the EXCEED-BHS3 trial compared the effects of a 16-week therapy with empagliflozin (E) alone or in combination with evolocumab (EE) on the lipid profile and cholesterol content in HDL subspecies in individuals with T2D divided equally into two groups of 55 patients. Both treatments modestly increased HDL-C. The cholesterol content in HDL subspecies 2a (7.3%), 3a (7.2%) and 3c (15%) increased from baseline in the ...
Source: Atherosclerosis - April 13, 2024 Category: Cardiology Authors: Isabella Bonilha Érica Ivana Lázaro Gomes Helison R P Carmo Ikaro Breder Joaquim Barreto Jessica Breder Daniel B Munhoz Luiz Sergio F Carvalho Thiago Quinaglia Sheila T Kimura-Medorima Camila Moreira Gossi Francesca Zimetti Wilson Nadruz Ilaria Zanotti Source Type: research
Glycated serum protein is independently associated with progressive infarction in patients with acute ischemic stroke
CONCLUSIONS: GSP might be an independent predictor for PI in certain patients with acute ischemic stroke.PMID:38613248 | DOI:10.1177/03000605241245299 (Source: Atherosclerosis)
Source: Atherosclerosis - April 13, 2024 Category: Cardiology Authors: Keji Zou Caixia Wei Qin Huang Zubing Xu Xiaocheng Mao Hudie Zhang Chenying Zeng Lanjiao Zhang Jing Lin Yuling Yi Jinchong Zhang Source Type: research
Increasing the complexity of lipoprotein characterization for cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes
Eur J Clin Invest. 2024 Apr 13:e14214. doi: 10.1111/eci.14214. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe burden of cardiovascular disease is particularly high among individuals with diabetes, even when LDL cholesterol is normal or within the therapeutic target. Despite this, cholesterol accumulates in their arteries, in part, due to persistent atherogenic dyslipidaemia characterized by elevated triglycerides, remnant cholesterol, smaller LDL particles and reduced HDL cholesterol. The causal link between dyslipidaemia and atherosclerosis in T2DM is complex, and our contention is that a deeper understanding of lipoprotein compositio...
Source: Atherosclerosis - April 13, 2024 Category: Cardiology Authors: Montse Guardiola Pere Rehues N úria Amigó Francisco Arrieta Manuel Botana Jos é A Gimeno-Orna Josefa Girona Jos é Ignacio Martínez-Montoro Emilio Ortega Antonio P érez-Pérez V íctor Sánchez-Margalet Juan Pedro-Botet Josep Ribalta Cardiovascular D Source Type: research
Mechanical, structural, and morphological differences in the iliac arteries
We examined 33 arterial specimens from common iliac (CI), external iliac (EI), and internal iliac (II) arteries obtained from 11 human donors (62 ± 12 years). We conducted morphometric, mechanical, and structural analyses using planar biaxial tests, constitutive modeling, and bi-directional histology on transverse and axial sections. The iliac arteries exhibited increased tortuosity and varying disease distribution with age. CI and II arteries displayed non-uniform age-related disease progression around their circumference, while EI remained healthy even in older individuals. Trends in load-free and stress-free thickness ...
Source: Atherosclerosis - April 13, 2024 Category: Cardiology Authors: Madihah Kazim Sayed Ahmadreza Razian Elham Zamani Dheeraj Varandani Ramin Shahbad Ali Zolfaghari Sichani Anastasia Desyatova Majid Jadidi Source Type: research
Adiposity, type 2 diabetes and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk: Use and abuse of the body mass index
The worldwide prevalence of individuals with an elevated body weight has increased steadily over the past five decades. Billions of research dollars have been invested to improve our understanding of the causes and consequences of having an elevated body weight. All this knowledge has however failed to influence populational body weight trajectories of most countries around the world. Research on the definition of “obesity” has also evolved. The body mass index (BMI), the tool most commonly used to make its diagnosis, has major limitations. (Source: Atherosclerosis)
Source: Atherosclerosis - April 13, 2024 Category: Cardiology Authors: Benoit J. Arsenault, Andr é C. Carpentier, Paul Poirier, Jean-Pierre Després Source Type: research
Oxidized low-density lipoproteins impair the pro-atherosclerotic effect of granulocyte-macrophage-colony-stimulating factor-producing T helper cells on macrophages
This study aims to characterize the phenotype and function of ThGM cells in experimental atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis was induced by feeding apolipoprotein E knockout (ApoE-/-) mice with a high-fat diet. Aortic ThGM cells were detected and sorted by flow cytometry. The effect of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) on ThGM cells and the impact of ThGM cells on macrophages were evaluated by flow cytometry, quantitative RT-PCR, oxLDL binding/uptake assay, immunoblotting and foam cell formation assay. We found that GM-CSF+IFN-γ- ThGM cells existed in atherosclerotic aortas. Live ThGM cells were enriched in aortic CD4...
Source: Atherosclerosis - April 12, 2024 Category: Cardiology Authors: Xiaofang Xiong Zheng Yan Long Yan Xuexue Yang Dongsheng Li Guizhen Lin Source Type: research
Cardiovascular risk and inflammation in a population with autoimmune diseases: a narrative review
Front Immunol. 2024 Mar 28;15:1380372. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1380372. eCollection 2024.ABSTRACTJuvenile Systemic Connective Tissue Diseases (JSCTD) are a heterogeneous group of chronic autoimmune diseases, associated with dyslipidemia and increased cardiovascular risk are related. Studies from the last 10 years, from 2013 to 2022, on lipid profiles in JSCTD were collected. Different studies on lipid profiles in children affected by JSCTD were selected, because the aim is to analyze the cardiovascular risk and the possibility of atherosclerosis in these patients in whom, sometimes, corticosteroid therapies and immunosuppr...
Source: Atherosclerosis - April 12, 2024 Category: Cardiology Authors: Camilla Bertoni Alessandra Mazzocchi Ludovica Leone Carlo Agostoni Giovanni Filocamo Source Type: research
Potential diagnostic markers shared between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and atherosclerosis determined by machine learning and bioinformatic analysis
CONCLUSION: We identified RPS6KA1 and SERPINA3 as potential diagnostic markers for NAFLD and AS. The most promising marker for a diagnosis of NAFLD and AS might be RPS6KA1, whereas SERPINA3 is the most closely related gene for NASH and AS. We believe that further exploration of these core genes will reveal the etiology and a pathological relationship between NAFLD and AS.PMID:38606153 | PMC:PMC11007109 | DOI:10.3389/fmed.2024.1322102 (Source: Atherosclerosis)
Source: Atherosclerosis - April 12, 2024 Category: Cardiology Authors: Lihong Wang Wenhui He Xilin Wang Jianrong Wang Xiaojuan Wei Dongzhi Wu Yundan Wu Source Type: research
Effect of EDTA with porous balloon on calcified lesion: An atherosclerotic cadaver study
CONCLUSION: EDTA-3Na/H2O or EDTA-2Na/H2O with longer circulation times resulted in greater calcium reduction in atherosclerotic lesion. EDTA may have a potential therapeutic option for the treatment of atherosclerotic calcified lesions.PMID:38606477 | DOI:10.1002/ccd.31052 (Source: Atherosclerosis)
Source: Atherosclerosis - April 12, 2024 Category: Cardiology Authors: Kenji Kawai Anna Madra Rika Kawakami Yu Sato Takao Konishi Tatsuya Shiraki Teruo Sekimoto Takamasa Tanaka Renu Virmani Aloke V Finn Source Type: research
No-touch saphenous vein: current understanding of the conduit 'less handled'
Curr Opin Cardiol. 2024 Apr 5. doi: 10.1097/HCO.0000000000001149. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPURPOSE OF REVIEW: The no-touch technique is an established method to harvest the saphenous vein (NT-SV), which is the most commonly used conduit in coronary artery bypass grafting. Herein, we summarize the foundational evidence, as well as highlight recent innovations and ongoing clinical trials involving NT-SV.RECENT FINDINGS: Through preservation of perivascular tissue for atraumatic handling and omission of manual distension, the NT-SV maintains endothelial nitrous oxide synthase levels and experiences less vascular smooth m...
Source: Atherosclerosis - April 12, 2024 Category: Cardiology Authors: Mimi X Deng Grace S Lee Dominique Vervoort Stephen E Fremes Source Type: research
Reverse flow anterolateral thigh free flap in a case with significant atherosclerosis: A viable alternative for arterial microvascular anastomosis
CONCLUSION: This report uniquely describes applying the distally based, reverse arterial flow principle in an ALT flap to circumvent an atherosclerotic proximal pedicle.PMID:38606699 | DOI:10.1002/hed.27770 (Source: Atherosclerosis)
Source: Atherosclerosis - April 12, 2024 Category: Cardiology Authors: Jonathan C Garneau Rod Rezaee Source Type: research
Reversion of the Inflammatory Markers in Patients With Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia
CONCLUSIONS: CLTI has an inflammatory environment that can be partially reverted after resolution of the ischemic process, emphasizing the importance of timely intervention.PMID:38606780 | DOI:10.1161/JAHA.123.031922 (Source: Atherosclerosis)
Source: Atherosclerosis - April 12, 2024 Category: Cardiology Authors: Joana Ferreira Susana Roque Alexandre Lima Carneiro Adhemar Longatto-Filho Isabel Vila Cristina Cunha Cristina Silva Am ílcar Mesquita Jorge Cotter Margarida Correia-Neves Armando Mansilha Pedro Guimar ães Cunha Source Type: research
Atherosclerosis evaluation and cardiovascular risk estimation using coronary computed tomography angiography
Eur Heart J. 2024 Apr 12:ehae190. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehae190. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTClinical risk scores based on traditional risk factors of atherosclerosis correlate imprecisely to an individual's complex pathophysiological predisposition to atherosclerosis and provide limited accuracy for predicting major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Over the past two decades, computed tomography scanners and techniques for coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) analysis have substantially improved, enabling more precise atherosclerotic plaque quantification and characterization. The accuracy of CCTA for qu...
Source: Atherosclerosis - April 12, 2024 Category: Cardiology Authors: Nick S Nurmohamed Alexander R van Rosendael Ibrahim Danad Quyen Ngo-Metzger Pam R Taub Kausik K Ray Gemma Figtree Marc P Bonaca Judith Hsia Fatima Rodriguez Alexander T Sandhu Koen Nieman James P Earls Udo Hoffmann Jeroen J Bax James K Min David J Maron D Source Type: research
