Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Effects of weight loss and weight loss maintenance on cardiac autonomic function in obesity: a randomized controlled trial
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. To investigate relationships between weight loss and weight loss maintenance with cardiac autonomic function and exercise in obesity, 39 adults (45.7  ± 10.7 years; BMI: 34.2 ± 3.4 kg·m−2) participated in a 10-week, medical weight loss program combined with aerobic exercise. A subset (n = 18) participated in an aerobic exercise weight loss maintenance program (550 or 970 MET min·week−1) for 18 additional weeks. Primary outcomes inc luded markers of cardiac autonomic function assessed by heart rate variability (HRV) (i.e., SDNN, RMSSD, HFln). Foll...
Source: Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism - May 25, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Joshua E. McGee Kate S. Early Anna C. Huff Marie C. Clunan Nicole R. Hursey Briceida Osborne Colleen Bucher Charles Tanner Savanna B. Brewer Patricia M. Brophy Angela Clark Walter J. Pories Laura E. Matarese Joseph A. Houmard David Collier Linda E. May Jo Source Type: research

Potential mechanisms of multimodal prehabilitation effects on surgical complications: a narrative review
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. Continuous advances in prehabilitation research over the past several decades have clarified its role in improving preoperative risk factors, yet the evidence demonstrating reduced surgical complications remains uncertain. Describing the potential mechanisms underlying prehabilitation and surgical complications represents an important opportunity to establish biological plausibility, develop targeted therapies, generate hypotheses for future research, and contribute to the rationale for implementation into the standard of care. In this narrative review, we disc...
Source: Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism - May 24, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Daniel Sibley Maggie Chen Malcolm A West Andrew G Matthew Daniel Santa Mina Ian Randall Source Type: research

Consumption of kefir made with traditional microorganisms resulted in greater improvements in LDL cholesterol and plasma markers of inflammation in males when compared to a commercial kefir: a randomized pilot study
This study aimed to compare how consumption of a commercial kefir without traditional kefir organisms and a pitched kefir containing traditional organisms affected plasma lipid levels, glucose homeostasis, and markers of endothelial function and inflammation in males with elevated LDL cholesterol. We utilized a crossover design in n  = 21 participants consisting of two treatments of 4 weeks each in random order separated by a 4-week washout. Participants received either commercial kefir or pitched kefir containing traditional kefir organisms for each treatment period. Participants consumed 2 servings of kefir (350 ...
Source: Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism - May 24, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Benjamin C.T. Bourrie Andrew J. Forgie Alexander Makarowski Paul D. Cotter Caroline Richard Benjamin P. Willing Source Type: research

Reply to the discussion by Wang et al. of “Efficacy of aerobic exercise following concussion: a narrative review”
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. (Source: Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism)
Source: Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism - May 24, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Dean M. Cordingley Stephen M. Cornish Source Type: research

Discussion of “Efficacy of aerobic exercise following concussion: a narrative review”
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. (Source: Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism)
Source: Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism - May 24, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Xuanqi Wang Hui Yu Lei Dong Dechen Wang Source Type: research

Regulation of immune function in healthy adults: one-stop guide on the role of dietary fatty acids, gut microbiota-derived short chain fatty acids, and select micronutrients in combination with physical activity
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. The immune system requires an adequate supply of nutrients, although current dietary recommendations may not account for optimal immune function in healthy adults. Nutrient inadequacies due to the growing influence of the western diet pose a risk for immune dysfunction. This review aims to determine the beneficial effects of supplementing dietary fats, nutrients that modulate gut microbiota, and specific micronutrients on systemic immune functions (concentrations of plasma cytokines, antibodies, and acute phase proteins) during health and acute inflammatory con...
Source: Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism - May 12, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Dhruvesh Patel Jenna Evanchuk Ren Wang Carolyn L. Dunbar Jaqueline Munhoz Catherine J. Field Source Type: research

The Canadian Food Intake Screener for assessing alignment of adults ’ dietary intake with the 2019 Canada’s Food Guide healthy food choices recommendations: scoring system and construct validity
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. The Canadian Food Intake Screener/Questionnaire court canadien sur les apports alimentaires was developed to rapidly assess alignment of adults ’ dietary intake over the past month with the 2019 Canada’s Food Guide’s healthy food choices recommendations. From July to December 2021, adults (n = 154) aged 18–65 years completed the screener and up to two 24 h dietary recalls. The screener scoring system was aligned with the Healt hy Eating Food Index-2019 (HEFI-2019), to the extent possible. Analysis of variance compared screener scores among subgrou...
Source: Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism - May 10, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Joy M. Hutchinson Kevin W. Dodd Patricia M. Guenther Benoit Lamarche Jess Haines Angela Wallace Maude Perreault Tabitha E. Williams Maria Laura da Costa Louzada Mahsa Jessri Simone Lemieux Dana Lee Olstad Rachel Prowse Janis Randall Simpson Jennifer E. Ve Source Type: research

Exercise prescription and strategies to promote the cross-education of strength: a scoping review
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. This review examines the experimental evidence regarding unilateral resistance training frequency, intensity, the type of training, training volume, and adjuvant therapies on the cross-education of strength. CINAHL, MEDLINE, APA PsycInfo, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science were systematically searched with gray literature searches and pearling of references thereafter. Experiments were included in the review if they performed a unilateral resistance training intervention that directly compared the dose of a training variable on the cross-education response in heal...
Source: Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism - May 8, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Caleb C. Voskuil Justin W. Andrushko Boglarka S. Huddleston Jonathan P. Farthing Joshua C. Carr Source Type: research

Economic burden of low muscle strength in Canadian adults
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. We used a prevalence-based approach to estimate the economic costs associated with low muscle strength, as assessed using handgrip strength, in Canadian adults. We estimated the annual economic burden of low muscle strength at $3.0 billion, representing 2.2% of the 2021 Canadian burden of illness costs. The two most expensive chronic diseases attributable to low muscle strength were cardiovascular disease ($899 million) and type 2 diabetes ($880 million). A 10% decrease in the prevalence of low handgrip strength would save approximately $546 million per year, e...
Source: Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism - May 6, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Jean-Philippe Chaput Ian Janssen Hugues Sampasa-Kanyinga Grant R. Tomkinson Justin J. Lang Source Type: research

Development of the Canadian Food Intake Screener to assess alignment of adults ’ dietary intake with the 2019 Canada's Food Guide healthy food choices recommendations
The objective of this project was to develop a brief self-administered dietary screener, in English and French, to rapidly assess alignment of adults ’ dietary intake with the 2019 Canada's Food Guide healthy food choices recommendations. In consultation with Health Canada and external advisors (n = 15), guiding principles were defined. Existing screeners were scanned, and the healthy food choices recommendations were mapped to inform questio ns and response options. Cognitive interviews were conducted in English (n = 17) and French (n = 16) with adults aged 18–65 years from April to June 2021 to assess understan...
Source: Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism - April 24, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Joy M. Hutchinson Tabitha E. Williams Ailish M. Westaway Alexandra B édard Camille Pitre Simone Lemieux Kevin W. Dodd Beno ît Lamarche Patricia M. Guenther Jess Haines Angela Wallace Alicia Martin Maria Laura da Costa Louzada Mahsa Jessri Dana Lee Olsta Source Type: research

Canadian Nutrition Society 2023 Scientific Abstracts: Canadian Nutrition Society Annual Conference
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism,Volume 48, Issue 4 (Suppl. 1), Page S1-S83, April 2023. (Source: Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism)
Source: Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism - April 21, 2023 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Achievement of the ABC goal among Canadians with type 2 diabetes and the influence of physical activity: data from the Canadian Health Measures Survey
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. Achieving the three therapeutics targets known as ABC (A1c  ≤ 7.0%, LDL-C <  2.0 mmol/L, and resting BP <  130/80 mmHg), limiting sedentary behaviors as well as accumulating a total of 150 min/week of moderate-to-vigorous aerobic exercise reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes (T2D) individuals. However, more recent data regarding the achievement of ABC over time in Canada is nee ded and it remains to be determined how sedentary behaviors and physical activity levels can influence its achievement. Analyses were performed us...
Source: Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism - April 20, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Alexis Marcotte-Ch énard Ren é Maréchal Ahmed Ghachem Alan Cohen El éonor Riesco Source Type: research

Alternate-day fasting induces metabolic and morphofunctional changes in the gastrointestinal tract of male rats
In conclusion, our results showed ADF exert an effect on both metabolism and GI motility and impacts on overall digestive functions. (Source: Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism)
Source: Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism - April 19, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Ana Paula Sim ões Beckmann Loyane Almeida Gama Mariana Pirani Rocha Machado Wellington David Luz Alves Luciana Aparecida Cor á Madileine Francely Am érico Source Type: research

Determinants of recreational screen time behavior following the COVID-19 pandemic among Canadian adults
In conclusion, recreational screen time remains elev ated post-pandemic. Addressing motivation (automatic and reflective), psychological capabilities, and social opportunities may be critical for future interventions aiming to limit recreational screen time. (Source: Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism)
Source: Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism - April 10, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Sam Liu Rebecca Coulter Wuyou Sui Kayla Nuss Ryan E. Rhodes Source Type: research

Aerobic adaptations following two iso-effort training programs: an intense continuous and a high-intensity interval
This study compared the aerobic adaptations following two iso-effort, ratings of perceived exertion (RPE)-based training programs, an intense continuous (CON) and a high-intensity interval (INT). Young adults were assigned to a CON (n  = 11) or an INT (n = 13) training group to perform 14 training sessions within 6 weeks. The INT group performed running bouts (9.3 ± 4.4 repetitions) at 90% of peak treadmill velocity (PTV) with bout duration equal to 1/4 of time to exhaustion at this speed (134.2 ± 27.9 s). The CONT group ran (1185.0 ± 487.6 s) at a speed corresponding to −2.5% of critical velocity (CV;...
Source: Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism - April 5, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Aristides Myrkos Ilias Smilios Andreas Zafeiridis Maria-Eleni Kokkinou Apostolos Tzoumanis Helen Douda Source Type: research