Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Social desirability, dietary intakes, and variables related to attitudes and behaviours towards eating among French-speaking adults from Quebec, Canada: The PREDISE study
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. The primary objective of this study was to examine how social desirability is associated with self-reported measures of dietary intakes and variables related to attitudes and behaviours towards eating. This analysis was conducted in 1083 adults (50.0% women) from the PREDISE study. Social desirability was assessed using the Balanced Inventory of Desirable Responding (BIDR) questionnaire, which includes two subscales: (1) self-deceptive enhancement (SDE), i.e., having an overly positive self-image and (2) impression management (IM), i.e., intentional response di...
Source: Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism - November 6, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Beno ît Boulanger Alexandra B édard Élise Carbonneau Luc Pelletier Julie Robitaille Beno ît Lamarche Simone Lemieux Source Type: research

Whole-protein enteral nutrition formula supplementation reduces Escherichia and improves intestinal barrier function in HIV-infected immunological nonresponders
This study provides insight into the role of nutrients in the improvement of immune reconstitution in HIV-infected INRs. This study is registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Document No. ChiCTR2000037839; http://www.chictr.org.cn/index.aspx). (Source: Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism)
Source: Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism - November 3, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Danfeng Lu Yue-Xin Wang Shi-Tao Geng Zunyue Zhang Yu Xu Qing-Yan Peng Shao-You Li Jian-Bo Zhang Kun-Hua Wang Yi-Qun Kuang Source Type: research

Neuromechanical characterization of the abductor hallucis and its potential role in upright postural control
This study was conducted to quantify functional neuromechanical properties of the AH and correlate the measures with standing balance variables. We quantified strength and voluntary activation during maximal voluntary isometric contractions of the great toe abductor in nine (3 females and 6 males) healthy, young participants. During electrically evoked twitch and tetanic contractions, we measured great toe abduction peak force and constructed a force –frequency curve. We also evaluated peak abduction force, contraction time (CT), half-relaxation time (HRT), rate of force development (RFD), and relaxation rate (RR) from t...
Source: Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism - November 1, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Tushar Sharma Paige V. Copeland Mathew I.B. Debenham Leah R. Bent Brian H. Dalton Source Type: research

Maternal folic acid supplementation does not impact skeletal muscle function and metabolism in male and female CD-1 mouse offspring
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. Folic acid fortification of all white flour, enriched pasta, and cornmeal products became mandatory in Canada to reduce risk of neural tube defects at birth. Furthermore, Health Canada and the Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada recommend women take daily prenatal folic acid supplements in addition to folic acid fortified foods during pregnancy. However, the influence of maternal folic acid supplementation on offspring development, specifically the highly abundant and metabolically active skeletal muscle, is currently unknown. Thus, the purpos...
Source: Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism - November 1, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Caitlin Saint William Gittings Jordan Bunda Cameron Giles Sandra M. Sacco Rene Vandenboom Wendy E. Ward Paul J. LeBlanc Source Type: research

Actovegin improves skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiration and functional aerobic capacity in a type 1 diabetic male murine model
The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of Actovegin on skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiration and functional aerobic capacity in a T1D mouse model. Effects on the expression of mitochondrial proteins, body mass, and food and water consumption were also investigated. Streptozotocin-induced T1D male C57B1/6 mice (aged 3 –4 months) were randomized to an Actovegin group and a control group. Every third day, the Actovegin and control groups were injected intraperitoneally with (0.1 mL) Actovegin and (0.1 mL) physiological salt solution, respectively. Oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) capacity of the ...
Source: Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism - November 1, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Brandon Kosik Steen Larsen Andreas Bergdahl Source Type: research

Measurements of in vivo skeletal muscle oxidative capacity are lower following sustained isometric compared with dynamic contractions
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. Human skeletal muscle oxidative capacity can be quantified non-invasively using 31-phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P-MRS) to measure the rate constant of phosphocreatine (PCr) recovery (kPCr) following contractions. In the quadricep muscles, several studies have quantified kPCr following 24 –30 s of sustained maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC). This approach has the advantage of simplicity but is potentially problematic because sustained MVICs inhibit perfusion, which may limit muscle oxygen availability or increase the intracellula...
Source: Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism - October 31, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Miles F. Bartlett Liam F. Fitzgerald Rajakumar Nagarajan Jane A. Kent Source Type: research

Updating the Foodbot Factory serious game with new interactive engaging features and enhanced educational content
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. Serious games (i.e., digital games designed for educational purposes) can foster positive learning attitudes and are increasingly used as educational tools. Foodbot Factory is a serious game application (app) that helps children learn about healthy eating based on Canada ’s Food Guide principles and has demonstrated to increase nutrition knowledge among this group. This paper describes the process followed to expand Foodbot Factory’s educational content and integrate immersive technologies and innovative features into the app. The revision process, which wa...
Source: Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism - October 31, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Beatriz Franco-Arellano Jacqueline Marie Brown Quinn Daggett Courtney Lockhart Bill Kapralos Ann LeSage JoAnne Arcand Source Type: research

Consumption of sucralose- and acesulfame-potassium-containing diet soda alters the relative abundance of microbial taxa at the species level: findings of two pilot studies
We examined effects of three-times daily sucralose- and acesulfame-potassium-containing diet soda consumption for 1 (n  = 17) or 8 (n = 8) weeks on gut microbiota composition in young adults. After 8 weeks of diet soda consumption, the relative abundance of Proteobacteria, specifically Enterobacteriaceae, increased; and, increased abundance of two Proteobacteria taxa was also observed after 1 week of diet soda c onsumption compared with sparkling water. In addition, three taxa in the Bacteroides genus increased following 1 week of diet soda consumption compared with sparkling water. The clinical relevance of these find...
Source: Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism - October 30, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Allison C. Sylvetsky Rebecca A. Clement Nathaniel Stearrett Najy T. Issa Fiona J. Dore Raja Mazumder Charles Hadley King Monica J. Hubal Peter J. Walter Hongyi Cai Sabyasachi Sen Kristina I. Rother Keith A. Crandall Source Type: research

Low micronutrient intake in nursing home residents, a cross-sectional study
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. Low intake of micronutrients is associated with health-related problems in nursing home residents. As their food intake is generally low, it is expected that their micronutrient intake will be low as well. The nutrient intake of 189 residents (mean age 85.0 years (SD: 7.4)) in five different Dutch nursing homes was measured based on 3-day direct observations of intake. Micronutrient intake, without supplementation, was calculated using the Dutch food composition table, and SPADE software was used to model habitual intake. Intake was compared to the estimated av...
Source: Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism - October 27, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: J.W. Borkent M. Manders A. Nijhof E. Naumann E.J.M. Feskens M.A.E. de van der Schueren Source Type: research

Families ’ perception of proposed nutrition screening on admission to pediatric hospitals: a qualitative analysis
The objective of this study was to explore the potential perceptions, feelings, and opinions of families if pediatric nutrition screening were to be completed during hospital admission. Nine members of the Family Advisory Council at the Alberta Children's Hospital participated in a focus group to discuss questions around nutrition screening practices, malnutrition, and the pediatric nutrition screening tool. Transcripts were analyzed using MAXQDA and thematic analysis using the Braun and Clarke methodology. Two major themes emerge d: screening may raise sensitive emotions and understanding the purpose of nutrition screenin...
Source: Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism - October 19, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Sarah Kocel Laura E. Carter Marlis Atkins Source Type: research

High-intensity interval training attenuates impairment in regulatory protein machinery of mitochondrial quality control in skeletal muscle of diet-induced obese mice
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. Mitochondrial quality control processes are essential in governing mitochondrial integrity and function. The purpose of the study was to examine the effects of 10 weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on the regulatory protein machinery of skeletal muscle mitochondrial quality control and whole-body glucose homeostasis in diet-induced obese mice. Male C57BL/6 mice were assigned to low-fat diet (LFD) or high-fat diet (HFD) group. After 10 weeks, HFD-fed mice were divided into sedentary and HIIT (HFD  + HIIT) groups for another 10 weeks (n = 9/grou...
Source: Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism - October 18, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: James B. Tincknell Benjamin A. Kugler Haley Spicuzza Nicolas Berger Huimin Yan Tongjian You Kai Zou Source Type: research

Dysanapsis is not associated with exertional dyspnoea in healthy male and female never-smokers aged 40 years and older
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. In healthy adults, airway-to-lung (i.e., dysanapsis) ratio is lower and dyspnoea during exercise at a given minute ventilation (V ̇E) is higher in females than in males. We investigated the relationship between dysanapsis and sex on exertional dyspnoea in healthy adults. We hypothesized that females would have a smaller airway-to-lung ratio than males and that exertional dyspnoea would be associated with airway-to-lung ratio in males and females. We analyzed data from n = 100 healthy never-smokers aged ≥40 years enrolled in the Canadian Cohort Obstructi...
Source: Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism - October 17, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Yannick Molgat-Seon Mathieu A.T. Sawatzky Paolo B. Dominelli Miranda Kirby Jordan A. Guenette Jean Bourbeau Wan C. Tan A. William Sheel Source Type: research

Does probiotic ingestion reduce the risk of preeclampsia? A systematic review
In conclusion, probiotics supplementation may slightly increase PE rates in pregnant women with comorbidities. The risk ma y be higher in obese women and for periods of ingestion longer than eight weeks. However, the evidence certainty is very low. PROSPERO registration No.CRD42021278611. (Source: Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism)
Source: Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism - October 16, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Nayara Valiati Esthela M. Puel Cristine M. Stefani Renata M. Lataro Source Type: research

Effect of physical exercise on the functional capacity of patients with liver cirrhosis: systematic review with meta-analysis
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. In this paper, we verify the effect of physical exercise on the functional capacity of people diagnosed with liver cirrhosis (LC). Inclusion criteria were people with LC, at any stage of the disease, over 18 years of age, of either sex, who performed any type of physical exercise in comparison with any other intervention or no intervention, obtaining functional capacity as the outcome, of the controlled and randomized experimental studies. The search for articles was carried out in 11 databases. The descriptors considered for the search were physical exercise, ...
Source: Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism - October 11, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Fabiana C.C.R. Corr êa Gabriela C.C.R. Corr êa Elirez B. Silva Source Type: research

The combined treatment of insulin and naringin improves bone properties in rats with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Ahead of Print. We have studied the effects of individual and combined treatment of insulin (I) and naringin (NAR) on the bone structure and biomechanical properties of femurs from streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Male Wistar rats were divided into five groups: (1) controls, (2) STZ-induced diabetic rats, (3) STZ-induced diabetic rats treated with I, (4) STZ-induced diabetic rats treated with NAR, and (5) STZ-induced diabetic rats treated with I  + NAR. Bone mineral density (BMD), bone histomorphometry, biomechanical testing, and bone biomarker expressions were ac...
Source: Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism - October 11, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Valeria A. Rodr íguez Gabriela Picotto Mar ía A. Rivoira Alfredo Rigalli Nori Tolosa de Talamoni Source Type: research