Mechanism of interferon alpha therapy for chronic hepatitis B and potential approaches to improve its therapeutic efficacy
Antiviral Res. 2023 Dec 16:105782. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2023.105782. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTHepatitis B virus (HBV) chronically infects 296 million people worldwide and causes more than 820,000 deaths annually due to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Current standard-of-care medications for chronic hepatitis B (CHB) include nucleos(t)ide analogue (NA) viral DNA polymerase inhibitors and pegylated interferon alpha (PEG-IFN-α). NAs can efficiently suppress viral replication and improve liver pathology, but not eliminate or inactivate HBV covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA). CCC DNA is the most stable HB...
Source: Antiviral Research - December 18, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Qiong Zhao Hui Liu Liudi Tang Fuxuan Wang Gideon Tolufashe Jinhong Chang Ju-Tao Guo Source Type: research
Targeted mutagenesis of the β-strand DNA binding region of African swine fever virus histone-like protein (pA104R) impairs DNA-binding activity and antibody recognition
Antiviral Res. 2023 Dec 14:105784. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2023.105784. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAfrican Swine Fever (ASF) is a highly contagious disease caused by a double-stranded DNA virus (ASFV). Despite significant advances made over the last decade, issues such as residual virulence and absence of differentiating infected from vaccinated animals (DIVA) capacity remain an obstacle in the development of live attenuated vaccines (LAVs) against ASFV. It is, therefore, necessary to identify novel strategies to improve vaccine safety, by rational mutagenesis of virulence associated genes and generation of DIVA marker...
Source: Antiviral Research - December 16, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Ana Catarina Urbano Nicolas Ferreira Nuno Jord ão Fernando Boinas Carlos Martins Fernando Ferreira Source Type: research
Targeted mutagenesis of the β-strand DNA binding region of African swine fever virus histone-like protein (pA104R) impairs DNA-binding activity and antibody recognition
Antiviral Res. 2023 Dec 14:105784. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2023.105784. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAfrican Swine Fever (ASF) is a highly contagious disease caused by a double-stranded DNA virus (ASFV). Despite significant advances made over the last decade, issues such as residual virulence and absence of differentiating infected from vaccinated animals (DIVA) capacity remain an obstacle in the development of live attenuated vaccines (LAVs) against ASFV. It is, therefore, necessary to identify novel strategies to improve vaccine safety, by rational mutagenesis of virulence associated genes and generation of DIVA marker...
Source: Antiviral Research - December 16, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Ana Catarina Urbano Nicolas Ferreira Nuno Jord ão Fernando Boinas Carlos Martins Fernando Ferreira Source Type: research
Investigating the virulence of coxsackievirus B6 strains and antiviral treatments in a neonatal murine model
This study should provide insights into the pathogenesis of CVB6 and facilitate further research in the development of vaccines and antivirals against CVBs.PMID:38097049 | DOI:10.1016/j.antiviral.2023.105781 (Source: Antiviral Research)
Source: Antiviral Research - December 14, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Changjian Fang Wenkun Fu Nanyi Liu Huan Zhao Canyang Zhao Kang Yu Che Liu Zhichao Yin Longfa Xu Ningshao Xia Wei Wang Tong Cheng Source Type: research
Investigating the virulence of coxsackievirus B6 strains and antiviral treatments in a neonatal murine model
This study should provide insights into the pathogenesis of CVB6 and facilitate further research in the development of vaccines and antivirals against CVBs.PMID:38097049 | DOI:10.1016/j.antiviral.2023.105781 (Source: Antiviral Research)
Source: Antiviral Research - December 14, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Changjian Fang Wenkun Fu Nanyi Liu Huan Zhao Canyang Zhao Kang Yu Che Liu Zhichao Yin Longfa Xu Ningshao Xia Wei Wang Tong Cheng Source Type: research
Investigating the virulence of coxsackievirus B6 strains and antiviral treatments in a neonatal murine model
This study should provide insights into the pathogenesis of CVB6 and facilitate further research in the development of vaccines and antivirals against CVBs.PMID:38097049 | DOI:10.1016/j.antiviral.2023.105781 (Source: Antiviral Research)
Source: Antiviral Research - December 14, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Changjian Fang Wenkun Fu Nanyi Liu Huan Zhao Canyang Zhao Kang Yu Che Liu Zhichao Yin Longfa Xu Ningshao Xia Wei Wang Tong Cheng Source Type: research
The diverse roles of peroxisomes in the interplay between viruses and mammalian cells
Antiviral Res. 2023 Dec 11:105780. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2023.105780. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPeroxisomes are ubiquitous organelles found in eukaryotic cells that play a critical role in the oxidative metabolism of lipids and detoxification of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Recently, the role of peroxisomes in viral infections has been extensively studied. Although several studies have reported that peroxisomes promote viral replication, evidence indicates that viruses have also evolved diverse strategies to evade peroxisomal antiviral signals. In this review, we summarize the multiple roles of peroxisomes in the ...
Source: Antiviral Research - December 13, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Hui Jiang Venugopal Nair Yingjie Sun Chan Ding Source Type: research
The diverse roles of peroxisomes in the interplay between viruses and mammalian cells
Antiviral Res. 2023 Dec 11:105780. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2023.105780. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPeroxisomes are ubiquitous organelles found in eukaryotic cells that play a critical role in the oxidative metabolism of lipids and detoxification of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Recently, the role of peroxisomes in viral infections has been extensively studied. Although several studies have reported that peroxisomes promote viral replication, evidence indicates that viruses have also evolved diverse strategies to evade peroxisomal antiviral signals. In this review, we summarize the multiple roles of peroxisomes in the ...
Source: Antiviral Research - December 13, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Hui Jiang Venugopal Nair Yingjie Sun Chan Ding Source Type: research
Interferon lambda receptor-1 isoforms differentially influence gene expression and HBV replication in stem cell-derived hepatocytes
CONCLUSIONS: IFNLR1 isoforms differentially influence IFNL-induced gene expression and HBV replication in hepatocytes. Regulated IFNLR1 expression in vivo could limit the capacity of this pathway to counteract HBV replication.PMID:38070830 | DOI:10.1016/j.antiviral.2023.105779 (Source: Antiviral Research)
Source: Antiviral Research - December 9, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Laura A Novotny J Grayson Evans Haitao Guo Christiana S Kappler Eric G Meissner Source Type: research
Interferon lambda receptor-1 isoforms differentially influence gene expression and HBV replication in stem cell-derived hepatocytes
CONCLUSIONS: IFNLR1 isoforms differentially influence IFNL-induced gene expression and HBV replication in hepatocytes. Regulated IFNLR1 expression in vivo could limit the capacity of this pathway to counteract HBV replication.PMID:38070830 | DOI:10.1016/j.antiviral.2023.105779 (Source: Antiviral Research)
Source: Antiviral Research - December 9, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Laura A Novotny J Grayson Evans Haitao Guo Christiana S Kappler Eric G Meissner Source Type: research
Interferon lambda receptor-1 isoforms differentially influence gene expression and HBV replication in stem cell-derived hepatocytes
CONCLUSIONS: IFNLR1 isoforms differentially influence IFNL-induced gene expression and HBV replication in hepatocytes. Regulated IFNLR1 expression in vivo could limit the capacity of this pathway to counteract HBV replication.PMID:38070830 | DOI:10.1016/j.antiviral.2023.105779 (Source: Antiviral Research)
Source: Antiviral Research - December 9, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Laura A Novotny J Grayson Evans Haitao Guo Christiana S Kappler Eric G Meissner Source Type: research
Nanobodies to multiple spike variants and inhalation of nanobody-containing aerosols neutralize SARS-CoV-2 in cell culture and hamsters
In this study, we present a new generation of anti-RBD nanobodies with superior properties. The primary representative of this group, Re32D03, neutralizes Alpha to Delta as well as Omicron BA.2.75; other members neutralize, in addition, Omicron BA.1, BA.2, BA.4/5, and XBB.1. Crystal structures of RBD-nanobody complexes reveal how ACE2-binding is blocked and also explain the nanobodies' tolerance to immune escape mutations. Through the cryo-EM structure of the Ma16B06-BA.1 Spike complex, we demonstrated how a single nanobody molecule can neutralize a trimeric spike. We also describe a method for large-scale production of th...
Source: Antiviral Research - December 8, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Metin Aksu Priya Kumar Thomas G üttler Waltraud Taxer Kathrin Gregor Bianka Mu ßil Oleh Rymarenko Kim M Stegmann Antje Dickmanns Sabrina Gerber Wencke Reineking Claudia Schulz Timo Henneck Ahmed Mohamed Gerhard Pohlmann Mehmet Ramazanoglu Kemal Mese Uwe Source Type: research
Nanobodies to multiple spike variants and inhalation of nanobody-containing aerosols neutralize SARS-CoV-2 in cell culture and hamsters
In this study, we present a new generation of anti-RBD nanobodies with superior properties. The primary representative of this group, Re32D03, neutralizes Alpha to Delta as well as Omicron BA.2.75; other members neutralize, in addition, Omicron BA.1, BA.2, BA.4/5, and XBB.1. Crystal structures of RBD-nanobody complexes reveal how ACE2-binding is blocked and also explain the nanobodies' tolerance to immune escape mutations. Through the cryo-EM structure of the Ma16B06-BA.1 Spike complex, we demonstrated how a single nanobody molecule can neutralize a trimeric spike. We also describe a method for large-scale production of th...
Source: Antiviral Research - December 8, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Metin Aksu Priya Kumar Thomas G üttler Waltraud Taxer Kathrin Gregor Bianka Mu ßil Oleh Rymarenko Kim M Stegmann Antje Dickmanns Sabrina Gerber Wencke Reineking Claudia Schulz Timo Henneck Ahmed Mohamed Gerhard Pohlmann Mehmet Ramazanoglu Kemal Mese Uwe Source Type: research
Efficacy and safety of antiviral treatments for symptomatic COVID-19 outpatients: Systematic review and network meta-analysis
CONCLUSIONS: This is the most comprehensive network meta-analysis integrating RCTs and real-world data. In our indirect comparison, remdesivir was associated with the highest efficacy in preventing hospitalization among high risk symptomatic COVID-19 outpatients, compared to nirmatrelvir/ritonavir and molnupiravir. This finding supports current guidelines, and may have importance when deciding which antiviral to use, together with other important factors.PMID:38056602 | DOI:10.1016/j.antiviral.2023.105768 (Source: Antiviral Research)
Source: Antiviral Research - December 6, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Meital Zur Thalia Peselev Stav Yanko Victoria Rotshild Ilan Matok Source Type: research
Validation of nuclear receptor ROR γ isoform 1 as a novel host-directed antiviral target based on the modulation of cholesterol levels
Antiviral Res. 2023 Dec 4:105769. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2023.105769. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTCurrently, the clinically approved repertoire of antiviral drugs predominantly comprises direct-acting antivirals (DAAs). However, the use of DAAs is frequently limited by adverse effects, restriction to individual virus species, or the induction of viral drug resistance. These issues will likely be resolved by the introduction of host-directed antivirals (HDAs) targeting cellular proteins crucial for viral replication. However, experiences with the development of antiviral HDAs and clinical applications are still in their...
Source: Antiviral Research - December 6, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Christina Wangen Andrea Raithel Julia Tillmanns Christian Gege Alexandra Herrmann Daniel Vitt Hella Kohlhof Manfred Marschall Friedrich Hahn Source Type: research
