Real-world efficacy and safety of lorlatinib in treating advanced ALK-positive non–small cell lung cancer patients
This study was aimed to report on the efficacy of lorlatinib in real-world practice and to evaluate the impact of prior ALK inhibitor treatments. We retrospectively evaluated patients with ALK-positive non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with lorlatinib regarding its efficacy, the impact of prior ALK inhibitor treatments and the adverse events, in particular dyslipidemia. A total of 22 ALK-positive patients were analyzed. All patients had received at least one second-generation ALK inhibitor(s), while 12 patients had a history of crizotinib treatment. For lorlatinib, the objective response rate was 35.7%, and dise...
Source: Anti-Cancer Drugs - October 28, 2021 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Clinical Reports Source Type: research

Efficacy and biomarker exploration of camrelizumab combined with apatinib in the treatment of advanced primary liver cancer: a retrospective study
This study was to explore the efficacy and safety of camrelizumab combined with apatinib in patients with advanced liver cancer. Moreover, the relationship between peripheral blood parameters and tumor response rate was also investigated. Patients with unresectable or recurrent primary liver cancer (PLC) who received treatment from July 2019 to July 2020 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University were included in this single-center retrospective study. The patients were treated with camrelizumab (200 mg, intravenous q2w) plus apatinib (250 mg, oral qd) until the occurrence of disease progression or ...
Source: Anti-Cancer Drugs - October 28, 2021 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Clinical Reports Source Type: research

PARP inhibitors decrease response to subsequent platinum-based chemotherapy in patients with BRCA mutated ovarian cancer
To determine the effect of poly-adenosine ribose phosphatase inhibitors (PARPi) on the response to subsequent platinum-based chemotherapy (PBC) in patients with recurrent, platinum-sensitive BRCA-mutated epithelial ovarian, peritoneal, or fallopian cancer (BRCAm EOC). This is a retrospective, single-institution cohort study of patients with BRCAm EOC who received retreatment with PBC. The PFS of patients with BRCAm EOC to 2nd or 3rd PBC with and without a prior PARPi was determined. Additionally, we compared the PFS to subsequent PBC following a prior PARPi for BRCAm and non-BRCAm. One hundred and fifteen patients with BRC...
Source: Anti-Cancer Drugs - October 28, 2021 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Clinical Reports Source Type: research

Role of PD-L1 assessment in advanced NSCLC: does it still matter?
No abstract available (Source: Anti-Cancer Drugs)
Source: Anti-Cancer Drugs - October 28, 2021 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Clinical Reports Source Type: research

BRAF/MEK inhibitor-associated nephrotoxicity in a real-world setting and human kidney cells
Acute kidney injury (AKI) associated with cancer chemotherapy can be life-threatening. Inhibitors of rapidly accelerated fibrosarcoma kinase B (BRAF)-mutants and mitogen-activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MEK) administered as combination therapy are effective against BRAF-mutant melanoma, but drug-associated AKI events were reported after marketing. Here, we examined the nephrotoxicity of two BRAF inhibitors, vemurafenib and dabrafenib, and two MEK inhibitors, cobimetinib and trametinib, in a real-world setting and human kidney cells. Target drug-associated AKI signals were detected by reporting odds ratio (R...
Source: Anti-Cancer Drugs - October 28, 2021 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Clinical Reports Source Type: research

Safety and efficacy of spleen aminopeptide oral lyophilized powder for improving quality of life and immune response in patients with advanced breast cancer: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial
Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is an important consideration in managing patients. Spleen aminopeptide oral lyophilized powder (SAOLP) has been used to enhance cellular immunity in a patient. This multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of SAOLP for improving HRQoL in patients with breast cancer. Patients diagnosed with advanced breast cancer were included, and were administered SAOLP or placebo 4 mg qd for two cycles. The primary endpoint was improvement in HRQoL on day 42 measured by the EORTC QLQ-C30 and EORTC QLQ-BR23. Secondary e...
Source: Anti-Cancer Drugs - October 28, 2021 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Clinical Reports Source Type: research

Analysis of clinical factors associated with survival in patients with soft-tissue sarcoma receiving trabectedin
Soft-tissue sarcomas (STSs) are a heterogeneous group of rare malignancies. Treatment for advanced STS usually starts with anthracycline-based therapies, with no clear sequence for further treatment. A preferred option is trabectedin, especially for liposarcoma and leiomyosarcoma (L-sarcoma). However, due to severe side effects and few clinical trials, further research of the parameters affecting survival is necessary for the optimal selection of patients. We retrospectively analyzed 73 consecutive patients with STS treated with trabectedin at the University Hospital Centers at Zagreb and Osijek from 2014 to 2021. Our prim...
Source: Anti-Cancer Drugs - October 28, 2021 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Clinical Reports Source Type: research

VALD-3 inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis of colorectal cancer cells via upregulating tumor suppressor activity of p53 to inhibit Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway
Colorectal cancer is the third most common malignant tumor and a leading cause of cancer death. Currently lacks effective therapies available to improve the prognosis. In the present study, VALD-3, an important Schiff base ligand from o-vanillin derivatives was evaluated for its anti-cancer activity in vitro and in vivo against colorectal cancer. The effect of VALD-3 on colorectal cancer cells proliferation was assessed using MTT assay and the cell migration was evaluated using wound healing scratch assay. The appearance of apoptotic colorectal cancer cells was detected by flowcytometry analysis. Morphological changes caus...
Source: Anti-Cancer Drugs - October 28, 2021 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Preclinical Reports Source Type: research

Searching for essential genes and drug discovery in breast cancer and periodontitis via text mining and bioinformatics analysis
The primary purpose of the study was (1) to search for the essential genes associated with breast cancer and periodontitis, and (2) to identify candidate drugs targeted to these genes for expanding the potential drug indications. The genes related to both breast cancer and periodontitis were determined by text mining. Gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis were performed on these genes, and protein–protein interaction analysis was carried out to export significant module genes. Drug–gene interaction database was employed for potential drug discovery. We identified 221 genes common to both br...
Source: Anti-Cancer Drugs - October 28, 2021 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Preclinical Reports Source Type: research

Prostaglandin D2 synthase/prostaglandin D2/TWIST2 signaling inhibits breast cancer proliferation
Though the past few years have witnessed exciting achievements in targeted and immunotherapeutic treatments of all breast cancer subtypes, yet the decline in breast cancer mortality has been slowed, urging the need for further expanding options of high-quality treatments. Prostaglandin D2 synthase (PTGDS)/prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) play important roles in a variety of cancer types and show tissue-specificity, however, there are limited relevant reports in breast cancer. Therefore, the aims of the present study were to investigate the effects of PTGDS/PGD2 in breast cancer by large-scale bioinformatic analysis and in vitro exp...
Source: Anti-Cancer Drugs - October 28, 2021 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Preclinical Reports Source Type: research

Downregulation of RPS14 inhibits the proliferation and metastasis of estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer cells
Ribosomal protein S14 (RPS14) is a component of the 40S ribosomal subunit and is considered to be indispensable for ribosomal biogenesis. Previously, we found that RPS14 was significantly downregulated in estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer cells following treatment with 4-hydroxytamoxifen (4-OH-TAM). However, its role in breast cancer remains poorly understood. In the present study, we sought to demonstrate, for the first time, that RPS14 is highly expressed in ER+ breast cancer tissues and its downregulation can significantly inhibit the proliferation, cycle, and metastasis of ER+ breast cancer cells, as well ...
Source: Anti-Cancer Drugs - October 28, 2021 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Preclinical Reports Source Type: research

Chronic propranolol treatment moderately attenuated development of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea-induced mammary carcinoma in female rats
The sympathetic nervous system participates in the development and progression of several cancer types and this effect is mediated mainly via β-adrenergic signaling. However, the potential of β-adrenergic signaling blockade to prevent cancer development after exposure to carcinogens has not been investigated, yet. Therefore, in our study, we determined the effect of the β-blocker propranolol on the development and progression of mammary cancer induced in female rats by administration of the chemical carcinogen N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU). The propranolol treatment (20 mg/kg body weight) started 12 days after MNU admini...
Source: Anti-Cancer Drugs - October 28, 2021 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Preclinical Reports Source Type: research

IL-12 inhibits postoperative residual tumor growth in murine models of sarcoma and renal carcinoma
Surgical tumor removing is the most common procedure after a confirmed cancer diagnosis with no detected metastasis. Surgery can reduce tumor burden and address pathologic changes caused by local compression of tissues by the tumor. This lowers the chances of tumor cell spreading and creates more favorable conditions for further treatment. However, not all tumor cells can be eliminated through surgery. Even in the early stages of the disease, tumor cells often metastasize and cannot be identified by current detection methods. These tiny, disseminated tumors are often the cause of tumor recurrence. There is currently a lack...
Source: Anti-Cancer Drugs - October 28, 2021 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Preclinical Reports Source Type: research

Aidi injection combined with chemotherapy in the treatment of cancer patients: a systematic review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses
The objective of the study was to evaluate and summarize the evidence from systematic reviews and meta-analyses regarding the efficacy and safety of Aidi injection combined with chemotherapy in the treatment of cancer patients. PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chong qing VIP databases, and Wanfang databases were searched for systematic reviews/meta-analyses on the topic of Aidi treating cancer patients published from inception to 20 December 2020. Google Scholar and OpenGrey were searched for grey literature and International Prospective Register of Systematic Revie...
Source: Anti-Cancer Drugs - October 28, 2021 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Review Source Type: research

Chemoimmunotherapy after progression on single-agent pembrolizumab for metastatic urothelial carcinoma: a case series
Those with metastatic urothelial carcinoma generally respond more poorly to chemotherapy after they have progression on a checkpoint inhibitor (CPI). There is interest in combining CPIs with conventional cytotoxic chemotherapies as a strategy to exploit the efficacy and immunomodulatory effects of chemotherapy. We conducted a single institution, retrospective analysis including all patients treated between May 2018 and May 2020 with carboplatin and paclitaxel, concurrently or sequential with pembrolizumab, after having progression on a CPI alone. Clinical characteristics, response by RECIST 1.1, progression-free survival, ...
Source: Anti-Cancer Drugs - September 30, 2021 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Case Report Source Type: research