Intelligence is not the “entire repertoire of knowledge,” but rather the repertoire of adaptive knowledge: Commentary on Ackerman (2023).
American Psychologist, Vol 78(3), Apr 2023, 301-302; doi:10.1037/amp0001082Intelligence, historically, has been defined as the ability of an individual to adapt to the environment. Building on this definition, I argue for a concept of adaptive intelligence whereby adapting to, shaping, and selecting real-world environments so as to recognize, define, and solve real-world problems—not just artificial ones—is the core of what constitutes intelligent thought and behavior. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: American Psychologist)
Source: American Psychologist - April 24, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Knowledge, skills, and workforce development: Commentary on Ackerman (2023).
American Psychologist, Vol 78(3), Apr 2023, 298-300; doi:10.1037/amp0001127Ackerman (2023) proposed incorporating a more comprehensive range of knowledge and skills into the conceptualization and operationalization of intelligence beyond traditional assessments. In agreeing with and extending this proposition, the current commentary focuses on the specific context of workforce development and highlights three critical considerations: (a) the development of knowledge and skills at different life stages of education and work, (b) the role of social contexts in knowledge and skill acquisition, and (c) quantitative and qualita...
Source: American Psychologist - April 24, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Interventions in everyday life to improve mental health and reduce symptoms of psychiatric disorders.
American Psychologist, Vol 79(2), Feb-Mar 2024, 185-209; doi:10.1037/amp0001158The high prevalence rates of mental disorders worldwide and the paucity of services constitute a mental health crisis. The vast majority of people in low-, middle-, and high-income countries do not receive any intervention for their symptoms of mental disorders, despite enormous advances in developing evidence-based psychosocial treatments and medications. The article proposes greater utilization of interventions in everyday life as an addition to the more traditional and commonly used mental-health interventions. The article delineates criteria...
Source: American Psychologist - April 20, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

On the accuracy, media representation, and public perception of psychological scientists’ judgments of societal change.
American Psychologist, Vol 78(8), Nov 2023, 968-981; doi:10.1037/amp0001151At the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, psychological scientists frequently made on-the-record predictions in public media about how individuals and society would change. Such predictions were often made outside these scientists’ areas of expertise, with justifications based on intuition, heuristics, and analogical reasoning (Study 1; N = 719 statements). How accurate are these kinds of judgments regarding societal change? In Study 2, we obtained predictions from scientists (N = 717) and lay Americans (N = 394) in Spring 2020 regarding the directio...
Source: American Psychologist - April 20, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Ursula Bellugi (1931–2022).
This article memorializes Ursula Bellugi (1931–2022), Distinguished Professor Emerita and Founder’s Chair at the Salk Institute, 2008 inductee to the National Academy of Sciences, and winner of the Jacob Javits Neuroscience Investigator Award, died peacefully on April 17, 2022, in La Jolla, California, at the age of 91. Her contributions to our understanding of the role biology plays in communication are virtually unparalleled; she is widely regarded as the founder of the neurobiology of American Sign Language (ASL). Highlights of Bellugi career and professional contributions are noted. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 20...
Source: American Psychologist - April 20, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Martin Y. Iguchi (1955–2021).
This article memorializes Martin Y. Iguchi (1955–2021). Dr Iguchi was a pioneering clinical scientist and lifelong champion of equity and racial justice and he died after a lengthy illness on June 5, 2021. At the time of his death, Dr. Iguchi was a senior behavioral scientist at the RAND Corporation and director of redesign for the Pardee RAND Graduate School. Iguchi’s contribution to addiction research is immeasurable. He was the principal investigator on dozens of projects totaling over $18 million in funding. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: American Psychologist)
Source: American Psychologist - April 20, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Frank L. Schmidt (1944–2021).
American Psychologist, Vol 78(5), Jul-Aug 2023, 720; doi:10.1037/amp0001161Frank L. Schmidt was born on a dairy farm outside Louisville, Kentucky, on April 29, 1944, the oldest of six children to Swiss German parents with a grade-school education. At his first faculty job at Michigan State University, he met John (Jack) Hunter, with whom he began a prolific, impactful collaboration that lasted until Hunter’s 2002 death. Together, they invented the methods of psychometric meta-analysis. He believed that the goal of science is to establish universal principles. Schmidt and Hunter’s pioneering development of validity gene...
Source: American Psychologist - April 20, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

How the “Black criminal” stereotype shapes Black people’s psychological experience of policing: Evidence of stereotype threat and remaining questions.
American Psychologist, Vol 78(5), Jul-Aug 2023, 695-713; doi:10.1037/amp0001159Cultural stereotypes that link Black race to crime in the United States originated with and are perpetuated by policies that result in the disproportionate criminalization and punishment of Black people. The scientific record is replete with evidence that these stereotypes impact perceivers’ perceptions, information processing, and decision-making in ways that produce more negative criminal legal outcomes for Black people than White people. However, relatively scant attention has been paid to understanding how situations that present a risk of...
Source: American Psychologist - April 20, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Report of the American Psychological Association Presidential Task Force on Psychology and Health Equity.
American Psychologist, Vol 78(2), Feb-Mar 2023, 259-267; doi:10.1037/amp0001125There is overwhelming evidence of serious problems with access to health care services, quality of care, and unequal health outcomes among minoritized groups including Black, Indigenous, and other populations of people of color across numerous health outcomes. At the core of health inequities are structural factors that include systemic racism as well as a range of other characteristics associated with limited political, social, and economic power. The APA Presidential Task Force on Psychology and Health Equity was appointed to recommend a cours...
Source: American Psychologist - April 3, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Climate change and health equity: A research agenda for psychological science.
American Psychologist, Vol 78(2), Feb-Mar 2023, 244-258; doi:10.1037/amp0001074Climate change poses unique and substantial threats to public health and well-being, from heat stress, flooding, and the spread of infectious disease to food and water insecurity, conflict, displacement, and direct health hazards linked to fossil fuels. These threats are especially acute for frontline communities. Addressing climate change and its unequal impacts requires psychologists to consider temporal and spatial dimensions of health, compound risks, as well as structural sources of vulnerability implicated by few other public health challe...
Source: American Psychologist - April 3, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Public safety redefined: Mitigating trauma by centering the community in community mental health.
American Psychologist, Vol 78(2), Feb-Mar 2023, 227-243; doi:10.1037/amp0001081The summer of 2020 marked a shift in public perception of police brutality and racism in the United States. Following the police murder of George Floyd and ensuing social unrest, the appropriate role and function of the police in communities have been a frequent topic of debate. Of particular concern is the intersection of policing and mental health where we see a pattern of police using excessive force disproportionately against persons with disabilities, especially mental health disabilities (Autistic Self Advocacy Network, 2017). The introduc...
Source: American Psychologist - April 3, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Opportunities for psychologists to advance health equity: Using liberation psychology to identify key lessons from 17 years of praxis.
American Psychologist, Vol 78(2), Feb-Mar 2023, 211-226; doi:10.1037/amp0001126Health and health care inequities persist because the efforts to eliminate them have ignored structural racism, typically using a power neutral approach to diagnose and solve the problem. Critical theory can address many of the conceptual weaknesses of current approaches, help identify how racism operates in health care, and open the door for more effective individual employee and organizational actions to advance health equity. We apply Martín-Baró’s (1996) liberation psychology to lessons we learned through implementing a transdisciplinary...
Source: American Psychologist - April 3, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Developing practices for hospital-based violence intervention programs to address anti-Black racism and historical trauma.
This article describes our community-based participatory research (CBPR) approach to develop practices for hospital-based violence intervention programs that mitigate violence-related health inequities among Black youth. Current conceptualizations of trauma-related symptoms among Black youth exposed to community violence often fail to consider the role of anti-Black racism and historical trauma in creating and maintaining traumatic stress. Our CBPR formative studies highlight the importance of and priorities to address community violence within the context of anti-Black racism and historical trauma. In describing our proce...
Source: American Psychologist - April 3, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Process adaptations to community-engaged research for preventing victimization against trans women: Failure as a blueprint toward nonexploitative implementation science.
We describe our application of a modified failure modes and effects analysis to guide data-informed adaptations to our community-engaged implementation research project, tailoring and delivering an evidence-based intervention to prevent victimization of trans women and trans femmes. By mapping our failure modes, we offer a blueprint for other research psychologists invested in advancing nonexploitative research in partnership with community. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: American Psychologist)
Source: American Psychologist - April 3, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Addressing health inequities for children in immigrant families: Psychologists as leaders and links across systems.
This article identifies gaps in current research and argues for a stronger role for psychologists. Psychologists can advocate for and enact changes in institutional systems that contribute to inequities in social determinants of health and promote resources and services necessary for CIF to flourish. We consider systemic exclusionary and discriminatory barriers faced by CIF, including a heightened anti-immigrant political climate, continued threat of immigration enforcement, restricted access to the social safety net, and the disproportionate health, economic, and educational burden of the COVID-19 pandemic. We highlight t...
Source: American Psychologist - April 3, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research