James O. Prochaska (1942–2023).
American Psychologist, Vol 79(1), Jan 2024, 151; doi:10.1037/amp0001240Memorializes James O. Prochaska (1942-2023). Prochaska was an internationally recognized clinical psychologist who revolutionized health behavior change. Prochaska is best known for codeveloping (with former student and friend Carlo C. DiClemente) the transtheoretical model (TTM). For 50 years, he served on the Psychology Department faculty at the University of Rhode Island. Prochaska, with his life partner of 56 years Janice Prochaska, established Pro-Change Behavior Solutions to disseminate and translate the science of behavior change to real-world so...
Source: American Psychologist - November 2, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Probabilistic approaches do not invalidate descriptive studies but answer fundamentally different questions: Reply to Loh and Ren (2023).
American Psychologist, Vol 78(6), Sep 2023, 814-815; doi:10.1037/amp0001212Loh and Ren (2023) critiqued our study on authorship trends in high-impact psychology journals that publish invited submissions for the use of outcome-dependent sampling. Although they offer a useful perspective, their methodological suggestions would answer a fundamentally different research question from the one we proposed. We thank Loh and Ren (2023) for their constructive contributions to this dialogue. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: American Psychologist)
Source: American Psychologist - September 7, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Understated gender disparities due to outcome-dependent selection: Commentary on Mackelprang et al. (2023).
American Psychologist, Vol 78(6), Sep 2023, 811-813; doi:10.1037/amp0001167What is the gender gap in invited publications in high-impact psychology journals? To answer this critical question, Mackelprang et al. (2023) examined invited publications in five high-impact psychology journals. They first calculated the share of women among authors of the invited publications (35.6%), then compared it with a “base rate” (42.3%; the share of women among associate and full psychology professors at R1 institutions). This comparison was presented as empirical evidence of women being underrepresented in the authorship of publicati...
Source: American Psychologist - September 7, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Confessions of a hedgehog aspirant: Reply to Verkuyten (2023) and Jung (2023).
American Psychologist, Vol 78(6), Sep 2023, 748-749; doi:10.1037/amp0001206The potential of the disapproval–respect model as a conceptual tool and explanatory device for the analysis of tolerance phenomena as well as its value as a guideline for future tolerance research is reiterated and further explained. Also, the distinctiveness of the model is underscored as is its realism with regard to the role of tolerance in processes of social influence and social change. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: American Psychologist)
Source: American Psychologist - September 7, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Two dual-categorization theories of tolerance: Commentary on Simon (2023).
This article provides a constructive critique on the disapproval–respect model of tolerance, which presents a dual-categorization-based explanation of tolerance with two components—disapproval and respect. Additionally, the article discusses the leniency contract theory, another dual-categorization-based theory of tolerance with two components—disagreement and open-mindedness—that has been largely overlooked by the tolerance research community. Both theories argue that tolerance arises from a sense of shared identity; however, they have distinct focuses in their conceptualization and consequences of tolerance. Whil...
Source: American Psychologist - September 7, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
There is much more to tolerance than social categorization: Commentary on Simon (2023).
American Psychologist, Vol 78(6), Sep 2023, 743-744; doi:10.1037/amp0001180The disapproval–respect model is valuable, but the focus on social categorization processes is limited and limiting because it does not account for the breath and complexities of tolerance in everyday life. Tolerance can be understood as involving thinking about and weighing situationally relevant reasons for disapproval in relation to reasons for endurance. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: American Psychologist)
Source: American Psychologist - September 7, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Taking tolerance seriously: A proposal from a self-categorization perspective on disapproval and respect.
American Psychologist, Vol 78(6), Sep 2023, 729-742; doi:10.1037/amp0001166A dual-level disapproval–respect model of tolerance is proposed, and its social psychological foundations are explicated from a self-categorization perspective. The model specifies tolerance as the combination of disapproval of others’ beliefs, practices, or ways of life, which results from self-categorization at the level of in-group–out-group differentiation (Level 1), and respect, which is grounded in shared group membership at a higher level of self-categorization and the resulting superordinate identity (Level 2) and operates as a restrai...
Source: American Psychologist - September 7, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Toward the advancement of equity in scientific publishing.
American Psychologist, Vol 79(2), Feb-Mar 2024, 312-314; doi:10.1037/amp0001214Peer review represents the foundation and gatekeeper to scientific dissemination, making it among the most important points to improve the representation of members of diverse gender, racial/ethnic, and other sociodemographic groups. The American Psychological Association (APA) highlights equity, diversity, and inclusion among its guiding principles. APA journals publish a large volume of cutting-edge psychological research (processing 20,000 + submissions per year) and reach a wide audience and have the unique opportunity to contribute to APA...
Source: American Psychologist - August 24, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Sigmund Tobias (1932–2023).
American Psychologist, Vol 78(8), Nov 2023, 1011; doi:10.1037/amp0001221Memorializes Sigmund Tobias (1932–2023). A brilliant scholar and an insatiably curious researcher, as well as a kind and disciplined mentor, Sigmund Tobias contributed to American psychology and educational research by dint of his intellect, work ethic, and social values. Although his doctorate was in clinical psychology, Sig became an internationally recognized leader in the field of educational psychology. Sig published over 150 scholarly articles and was elected president of the American Psychological Association’s Division for Educational Psych...
Source: American Psychologist - August 21, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Donald K. Freedheim (1932–2023).
American Psychologist, Vol 78(8), Nov 2023, 1010; doi:10.1037/amp0001220Memorializes Donald K. Freedheim (1932-2023). Freedheim was a renowned child psychologist, respected professor, American Psychological Association (APA) leader, and gifted editor. He was widely known for his pioneering contributions to professional psychology and his gentle wisdom in personal interactions. He served as the founding director of the Schubert Center for Child Development at Case Western and on the boards of a number of youth-oriented nonprofits. His leadership in the Division of Psychotherapy (now Society for the Advancement of Psychother...
Source: American Psychologist - August 21, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
How subjective idea valuation energizes and guides creative idea generation.
This study proposes to characterize the role of individual preferences (how people value ideas) in creative ideation via behavioral experiments and computational modeling. Using the Free Generation of Associates Task coupled with rating tasks, we demonstrate the involvement of valuation processes during idea generation: Preferred ideas are provided faster. We found that valuation depends on the adequacy and originality of ideas and guides response selection and creativity. Finally, our computational model correctly predicts the speed and quality of human creative responses, as well as interindividual differences in creativ...
Source: American Psychologist - August 14, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Summary report of journal operations, 2022.
American Psychologist, Vol 78(5), Jul-Aug 2023, 718-719; doi:10.1037/amp0001179Presents a summary of data on the journals published by the American Psychological Association. This summary is compiled from the 2022 annual reports of the Council of Editors and from Central Office records. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: American Psychologist)
Source: American Psychologist - July 31, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
On definition and description in psychopathology: Reply to Widiger et al. (2023).
American Psychologist, Vol 78(5), Jul-Aug 2023, 716-717; doi:10.1037/amp0001172We reply to Wright et al.’s (2023) commentary and suggestion that personality trait models would be the preferred way to reconfigure the personality disorders (PDs). Though we agree that personality trait models are powerful descriptive tools, we highlight that they lack definitional or explanatory power, and that is why they have not been able to define or distinguish what PDs are (Hopwood, 2018; Mõttus et al., 2020; Pincus, 2011). Scientific models must do more than describe; they must define. This is why we propose a specific interpersonal...
Source: American Psychologist - July 31, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Interpersonal and personality disorders: Commentary on Wright et al. (2022).
American Psychologist, Vol 78(5), Jul-Aug 2023, 714-715; doi:10.1037/amp0001147Wright et al. (2022) propose to replace personality disorders with a new classification of interpersonal disorders. We suggest that the trait model addresses well the limitations of the personality disorder categorical syndromes and accommodates the dynamics asserted as strengths of the interpersonal model. We identify weaknesses of the interpersonal model that explain why it has never been officially adopted. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: American Psychologist)
Source: American Psychologist - July 31, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
APF Charles L. Brewer Award for Distinguished Teaching of Psychology: Beth Morling.
American Psychologist, Vol 78(5), Jul-Aug 2023, 664-666; doi:10.1037/amp0001204The APF Gold Medal for Impact in Psychology recognizes Beth Morling for for her dedication to advancing the teaching of psychology and the scholarship of education. Dr. Morling’s contributions make a difference to the field of psychology and positively influence faculty and students not only within her institution but throughout the nation. Her research methods textbook is robust and took the novel approach of training students to be critical scientific consumers, rather than just producers of scientific knowledge. Dr. Morling is highly respec...
Source: American Psychologist - July 31, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
