Nicotinic Receptors in Airway Disease
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2023 Dec 12. doi: 10.1152/ajplung.00268.2023. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTWith continued smoking of tobacco products and expanded use of nicotine delivery devices worldwide, understanding the impact of smoking and vaping on respiratory health remains a major global unmet need. While multiple studies have shown a strong association between smoking and asthma, there is relative paucity in mechanistic understanding of how elements in cigarette smoke impact on the airway. Recognizing that nicotine is a major component in both smoking and vaping products, it is critical to understand the me...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology - December 12, 2023 Category: Cytology Authors: Niyati A Borkar Michael A Thompson Colleen M Bartman Latifa Khalfaoui Steven M Sine Venkatachalem Sathish Y S Prakash Christina M Pabelick Source Type: research

Anoctamin-1 is induced by TGF-beta and contributes to lung myofibroblast differentiation
We report here that TGF-β robustly upregulates the expression of the calcium-activated chloride channel Anoctamin-1 (ANO1) in human lung fibroblasts (HLF) at mRNA and protein levels. ANO1 is readily detected in fibrotic areas of IPF lungs in the same area with smooth muscle alpha-actin (SMA)-positive myofibroblasts. TGF-β-induced myofibroblast differentiation (determined by the expression of SMA, collagen-1 and fibronectin) is significantly inhibited by a specific ANO1 inhibitor, T16Ainh-A01, or by siRNA-mediated ANO1 knockdown. T16Ainh-A01 and ANO1 siRNA attenuate pro-fibrotic TGF-β signaling, including activation of R...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology - December 12, 2023 Category: Cytology Authors: Eleanor B Reed Shaina Orbeta Bernadette A Miao Albert Sitikov Bohao Chen Irena Levitan Julian Solway G ökhan M Mutlu Yun Fang Alexander A Mongin Nickolai O Dulin Source Type: research

Molecular Mechanisms Underlying TNF α Induced Mitochondrial Fragmentation in Human Airway Smooth Muscle Cells
This study reveals a new underlying molecular mechanism for TNFa-induced mitochondrial fragmentation in hASM cells.PMID:38084427 | DOI:10.1152/ajplung.00198.2023 (Source: American Journal of Physiology. Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology)
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology - December 12, 2023 Category: Cytology Authors: Debanjali Dasgupta Sanjana Mahadev Bhat Claire Creighton Catherin Cortes Philippe F Delmotte Gary C Sieck Source Type: research

Combined repetitive inhalant endotoxin and collagen-induced arthritis drives inflammatory lung disease and arthritis severity in a testosterone-dependent manner
This study aimed to determine whether hormone-dependent differences explained these observations. Arthritis prone male intact and castrated DBA/1J mice received intranasal inhalation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) daily for 5 weeks and CIA induction. Arthritis scores and serum pentraxin-2 levels were increased in castrated vs. intact mice. In contrast, airway cell influx, lung tissue infiltrates, and lung levels of pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic markers (C5a, IL-33, and matrix metalloproteinases) were reduced in castrated vs. intact mice. CIA+LPS-induced lung histopathology changes and the expression of lung autoantigens i...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology - December 12, 2023 Category: Cytology Authors: Jill A Poole Geoffrey M Thiele Elizabeth Ramler Amy J Nelson Michael J Duryee Aaron D Schwab Angela Gleason Carlos D Hunter Rohit Gaurav Todd A Wyatt Bryant R England Ted R Mikuls Source Type: research

Diesel Exhaust Particles Induce Polarization-State Dependent Functional and Transcriptional Changes in Human Monocyte-Derived Macrophages
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2023 Dec 12. doi: 10.1152/ajplung.00085.2023. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTMacrophage populations exist on a spectrum between the pro-inflammatory M1 and the pro-resolution M2 states and have demonstrated the ability to reprogram between them following exposure to opposing polarization stimuli. Particulate matter (PM) has been repeatedly linked to worsening morbidity and mortality following respiratory infections and has been demonstrated to modify macrophage function and polarization. The purpose of this study was to determine whether diesel exhaust particles (DEP), a key component of ...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology - December 12, 2023 Category: Cytology Authors: Timothy Robert Smyth Ilona Jaspers Source Type: research

The presence of Cystic Fibrosis Related Diabetes modifies the sputum microbiome in Cystic Fibrosis disease
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2023 Dec 12. doi: 10.1152/ajplung.00219.2023. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTCystic fibrosis related diabetes (CFRD) affects 40-50% of adults with CF and is associated with a decline in respiratory health. The microbial flora of the lung is known to change with the development of CF disease, but how CFRD affects the microbiome has not been described. We analysed the microbiome in sputa from 14 people with CF and 14 with CFRD and two who were classed as pre-CFRD by extracting DNA and amplifying the variable V3-V4 region of the microbial 16S gene by PCR. Sequences were analysed and source i...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology - December 12, 2023 Category: Cytology Authors: Stanislavs Vasiljevs Adam A Witney Deborah L Baines Source Type: research

Extracellular vesicles secreted by primary human bronchial epithelial cells reduce < em > Pseudomonas aeruginosa < /em > burden and inflammation in Cystic Fibrosis mouse lung
In this study using a CF mouse model of P. aeruginosa infection we demonstrate that intratracheal administration of EVs secreted by HBEC reduced P. aeruginosa lung burden and several pro-inflammatory cytokines including IFN-γ, TNF-α, and MIP-1β in bronchoalveolar fluid (BALF), even in the absence of antibiotics. Moreover, EVs decreased neutrophils in BALF. Thus, EVs secreted by HBEC reduce the lung burden of P. aeruginosa, decrease inflammation and reduce neutrophils in a CF mouse model. These results suggest that HBEC via the secretion of EVs may play an important role in the immune response to P. aeruginosa lung infec...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology - December 12, 2023 Category: Cytology Authors: Sharanya Sarkar Roxanna Barnaby Amanda B Nymon Douglas J Taatjes Thomas J Kelley Bruce A Stanton Source Type: research

Single Cell Resolution of Human Airway Epithelial Cells Exposed to Bronchiolitis Obliterans - Associated Chemicals
CONCLUSION: These new insights provide early identification of airway epithelial signatures common to BO-associated chemical exposures.PMID:38084407 | DOI:10.1152/ajplung.00304.2023 (Source: American Journal of Physiology. Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology)
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology - December 12, 2023 Category: Cytology Authors: Chin-Yi Chu So-Young Kim Gloria S Pryhuber Thomas J Mariani Matthew D McGraw Source Type: research

Nicotinic Receptors in Airway Disease
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2023 Dec 12. doi: 10.1152/ajplung.00268.2023. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTWith continued smoking of tobacco products and expanded use of nicotine delivery devices worldwide, understanding the impact of smoking and vaping on respiratory health remains a major global unmet need. While multiple studies have shown a strong association between smoking and asthma, there is relative paucity in mechanistic understanding of how elements in cigarette smoke impact on the airway. Recognizing that nicotine is a major component in both smoking and vaping products, it is critical to understand the me...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology - December 12, 2023 Category: Cytology Authors: Niyati A Borkar Michael A Thompson Colleen M Bartman Latifa Khalfaoui Steven M Sine Venkatachalem Sathish Y S Prakash Christina M Pabelick Source Type: research

Anoctamin-1 is induced by TGF-beta and contributes to lung myofibroblast differentiation
We report here that TGF-β robustly upregulates the expression of the calcium-activated chloride channel Anoctamin-1 (ANO1) in human lung fibroblasts (HLF) at mRNA and protein levels. ANO1 is readily detected in fibrotic areas of IPF lungs in the same area with smooth muscle alpha-actin (SMA)-positive myofibroblasts. TGF-β-induced myofibroblast differentiation (determined by the expression of SMA, collagen-1 and fibronectin) is significantly inhibited by a specific ANO1 inhibitor, T16Ainh-A01, or by siRNA-mediated ANO1 knockdown. T16Ainh-A01 and ANO1 siRNA attenuate pro-fibrotic TGF-β signaling, including activation of R...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology - December 12, 2023 Category: Cytology Authors: Eleanor B Reed Shaina Orbeta Bernadette A Miao Albert Sitikov Bohao Chen Irena Levitan Julian Solway G ökhan M Mutlu Yun Fang Alexander A Mongin Nickolai O Dulin Source Type: research

Molecular Mechanisms Underlying TNF α Induced Mitochondrial Fragmentation in Human Airway Smooth Muscle Cells
This study reveals a new underlying molecular mechanism for TNFa-induced mitochondrial fragmentation in hASM cells.PMID:38084427 | DOI:10.1152/ajplung.00198.2023 (Source: American Journal of Physiology. Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology)
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology - December 12, 2023 Category: Cytology Authors: Debanjali Dasgupta Sanjana Mahadev Bhat Claire Creighton Catherin Cortes Philippe F Delmotte Gary C Sieck Source Type: research

Combined repetitive inhalant endotoxin and collagen-induced arthritis drives inflammatory lung disease and arthritis severity in a testosterone-dependent manner
This study aimed to determine whether hormone-dependent differences explained these observations. Arthritis prone male intact and castrated DBA/1J mice received intranasal inhalation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) daily for 5 weeks and CIA induction. Arthritis scores and serum pentraxin-2 levels were increased in castrated vs. intact mice. In contrast, airway cell influx, lung tissue infiltrates, and lung levels of pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic markers (C5a, IL-33, and matrix metalloproteinases) were reduced in castrated vs. intact mice. CIA+LPS-induced lung histopathology changes and the expression of lung autoantigens i...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology - December 12, 2023 Category: Cytology Authors: Jill A Poole Geoffrey M Thiele Elizabeth Ramler Amy J Nelson Michael J Duryee Aaron D Schwab Angela Gleason Carlos D Hunter Rohit Gaurav Todd A Wyatt Bryant R England Ted R Mikuls Source Type: research

Diesel Exhaust Particles Induce Polarization-State Dependent Functional and Transcriptional Changes in Human Monocyte-Derived Macrophages
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2023 Dec 12. doi: 10.1152/ajplung.00085.2023. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTMacrophage populations exist on a spectrum between the pro-inflammatory M1 and the pro-resolution M2 states and have demonstrated the ability to reprogram between them following exposure to opposing polarization stimuli. Particulate matter (PM) has been repeatedly linked to worsening morbidity and mortality following respiratory infections and has been demonstrated to modify macrophage function and polarization. The purpose of this study was to determine whether diesel exhaust particles (DEP), a key component of ...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology - December 12, 2023 Category: Cytology Authors: Timothy Robert Smyth Ilona Jaspers Source Type: research

The presence of Cystic Fibrosis Related Diabetes modifies the sputum microbiome in Cystic Fibrosis disease
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2023 Dec 12. doi: 10.1152/ajplung.00219.2023. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTCystic fibrosis related diabetes (CFRD) affects 40-50% of adults with CF and is associated with a decline in respiratory health. The microbial flora of the lung is known to change with the development of CF disease, but how CFRD affects the microbiome has not been described. We analysed the microbiome in sputa from 14 people with CF and 14 with CFRD and two who were classed as pre-CFRD by extracting DNA and amplifying the variable V3-V4 region of the microbial 16S gene by PCR. Sequences were analysed and source i...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology - December 12, 2023 Category: Cytology Authors: Stanislavs Vasiljevs Adam A Witney Deborah L Baines Source Type: research

Extracellular vesicles secreted by primary human bronchial epithelial cells reduce < em > Pseudomonas aeruginosa < /em > burden and inflammation in Cystic Fibrosis mouse lung
In this study using a CF mouse model of P. aeruginosa infection we demonstrate that intratracheal administration of EVs secreted by HBEC reduced P. aeruginosa lung burden and several pro-inflammatory cytokines including IFN-γ, TNF-α, and MIP-1β in bronchoalveolar fluid (BALF), even in the absence of antibiotics. Moreover, EVs decreased neutrophils in BALF. Thus, EVs secreted by HBEC reduce the lung burden of P. aeruginosa, decrease inflammation and reduce neutrophils in a CF mouse model. These results suggest that HBEC via the secretion of EVs may play an important role in the immune response to P. aeruginosa lung infec...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology - December 12, 2023 Category: Cytology Authors: Sharanya Sarkar Roxanna Barnaby Amanda B Nymon Douglas J Taatjes Thomas J Kelley Bruce A Stanton Source Type: research