American Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Disruption of hypoxia inducible factor-2 α in neutrophils decreases colitis-associated colon cancer
In conclusion, we found that the loss of neutrophil-specific HIF-2α slows colon tumor growth and progression by reducing the levels of inflammatory mediators.PMID:37933447 | DOI:10.1152/ajpgi.00182.2023 (Source: American Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology)
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology - November 7, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Rashi Singhal Nikhil Kumar Kotla Sumeet Solanki Wesley Huang Hannah N Bell Marwa O Elderany Cristina Castillo Yatrik M Shah Source Type: research

Th2 Cytokine Signaling through IL-4R α Increases Eotaxin-3 Secretion and Tension in Human Esophageal Smooth Muscle
Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2023 Nov 7. doi: 10.1152/ajpgi.00155.2023. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTIn esophageal epithelial cells in eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE), Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-13) signal through IL-4Rα, activating JAK to increase eotaxin-3 secretion, which draws eosinophils into the mucosa. We explored whether Th2 cytokines also might stimulate eotaxin-3 secretion and increase tension in esophageal smooth muscle (ESM), which might impair esophageal distensibility, and whether those events could be blocked by PPIs or agents that disrupt IL-4Rα signaling. We established human ESM cell cultures f...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology - November 7, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Melissa R Nelson Xi Zhang Eitan Podgaetz Xuan Wang Qiuyang Zhang Zui Pan Stuart Jon Spechler Rhonda F Souza Source Type: research

 Clostridium scindens exacerbates experimental necrotizing enterocolitis via upregulation of the apical sodium dependent bile acid transporter
Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2023 Nov 7. doi: 10.1152/ajpgi.00102.2023. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTNecrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is the most common gastrointestinal emergency in premature infants. Evidence indicates that bile acid homeostasis is disrupted during NEC: ileal bile acid levels are elevated in animals with experimental NEC, as is expression of the apical sodium dependent bile acid transporter (Asbt). In addition, bile acids-which are synthesized in the liver-are extensively modified by the gut microbiome, including via conversion of primary bile acids to more cytotoxic secondary forms. We hypot...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology - November 7, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Christine M Calton Katelyn Carothers Shylaja Ramamurthy Neha Jagadish Bhumika Phanindra Anett Garcia V K Viswanathan Melissa D Halpern Source Type: research

 Lrig1 Drives Cryptogenesis and Restrains Proliferation during Colon Development
In this study, we examine the morphological events leading to crypt formation, epithelial cell differentiation, proliferation, and the emergence and expression of a stem and progenitor cell marker Lrig1. Through multicolor lineage tracing, we show Lrig1-expressing cells are present at birth and behave as stem cells to establish clonal crypts within three weeks of life. In addition, we use an inducible. knockout mouse to eliminate Lrig1 and show Lrig1 restrains proliferation within a critical developmental time window, without impacting colonic epithelial cell differentiation. Our study illustrates morphological changes dur...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology - October 24, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Rachel E Hopton Nicholas J Jahahn Anne E Zemper Source Type: research

Selective Inhibition of Hepatic Stellate Cell and Fibroblast-derived LOXL1 Attenuates BDL and Mdr2 -/- Induced Cholestatic Liver Fibrosis
CONCLUSION: Our findings demonstrated that selective inhibition of LOXL1 derived from HSCs/fibroblasts attenuated cholestatic liver/biliary fibrosis, inflammation, ductal reaction, and HSC/fibroblast proliferation. Based on our findings LOXL1 could be a potential therapeutic target for cholestatic fibrosis.PMID:37873581 | DOI:10.1152/ajpgi.00004.2023 (Source: American Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology)
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology - October 24, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Xuzhen Yan Ning Zhang Luyang Wei Wen Zhang Tao Huang Weiyu Li Wei Chen Aiting Yang Hong You Source Type: research

Metal transporter SLC39A14/ZIP14 modulates regulation between the gut microbiome and host metabolism
Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2023 Oct 24. doi: 10.1152/ajpgi.00091.2023. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTMetal transporter SLC39A14/ZIP14 is localized on the basolateral side of the intestine, functioning to transport metals from blood to intestine epithelial cells. Deletion of Slc39a14/Zip14 causes spontaneous intestinal permeability with low-grade chronic inflammation, mild hyperinsulinemia, and greater body fat with insulin resistance in adipose. Importantly, antibiotic treatment reverses the adipocyte phenotype of Slc39a14/Zip14 knockout (KO), suggesting a potential gut microbial role in the metabolic alterat...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology - October 24, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Samuel B Mitchell Trista L Thorn Min-Ting Lee Yongeun Kim Janine M C Comrie Zi Shang Bai Elizabeth L Johnson Tolunay B Aydemir Source Type: research

Respiratory exposure to agricultural dust extract promotes increased intestinal Tnf α expression, gut barrier dysfunction, and endotoxemia in mice
We report that 3-week intranasal exposure of HDE is associated with increased intestinal macromolecule permeability and elevated serum endotoxin concentrations in C57BL/6J mice. In vivo studies indicated mislocalization of the epithelial cell adhesion protein, E-cadherin, in the colon as well as an increase in the pro-inflammatory cytokine, Tnfa, in the proximal colon. Moreover, mRNA expression of the Paneth cell associated marker, Lyz1was increased the proximal colon while the expression of the goblet cell marker, Muc2 was unchanged in the epithelial cells of the ileum, cecum and distal colon. These results demonstrate th...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology - October 24, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Meli'sa S Crawford Arzu Ulu Brianna M Ramirez Alina N Santos Pritha Chatterjee Vinicius Canale Salomon Manz Hillmin Lei Tara M Nordgren Declan F McCole Source Type: research

Physiologic characterization of gastric emptying using high-resolution antropyloroduodenal manometry
CONCLUSION: Using HR-ADM, patients with delayed GE displayed different postprandial antro-pyloric motility as compared with patients with normal GE.PMID:37874655 | DOI:10.1152/ajpgi.00101.2023 (Source: American Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology)
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology - October 24, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Heithem Soliman Fabien Wuestenberghs Charlotte Desprez Anne-Marie Leroi Chlo é Melchior Guillaume Gourcerol Source Type: research