A Real-World Study of the Incidence and Outcomes of Early-Onset Well-differentiated Neuroendocrine Neoplasms
Conclusion: Cases of early-onset well-differentiated neuroendocrine neoplasms have disproportionately increased over the past 2 decades (compared with other age groups), and this appears to have been driven mainly by midgut tumors. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Oncology)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Oncology - July 30, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Original Articles: Neuroendocrine Source Type: research

Rectosigmoid Cancer—Rectal Cancer or Sigmoid Cancer?
Objectives: We aimed to determine the optimal treatment for patients with locally advanced rectosigmoid cancers, and to determine whether this can be guided by distance from anal verge (AV) and/or anatomic landmarks such as the sacral promontory and peritoneal reflection (PR). Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients with T3-T4 and/or node-positive rectosigmoid cancers who underwent surgery from 2006 to 2018 with available pelvic imaging. We included tumors at 9 to 20 cm from the AV on either staging imaging, or colonoscopy. Patients were stratified into those who received neoadjuvant therapy...
Source: American Journal of Clinical Oncology - July 30, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Original Articles: Gastrointestinal Source Type: research

The Brown University Oncology Group Experience With FOLFOX + Nab-paclitaxel [FOLFOX-A] for Metastatic and Locally Advanced Pancreatic, BrUOG-292 and BrUOG-318
Conclusions: The combination of FOLFOX-A has promising activity in PDAC and may represent an alternative to FOLFIRINOX when reduction of gastrointestinal toxicity is required. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Oncology)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Oncology - July 30, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Original Articles: Gastrointestinal Source Type: research

Treatment Patterns, Toxicity, and Outcomes of Older Adults with Advanced Pancreatic Cancer Receiving First-line Palliative Chemotherapy: Erratum
No abstract available (Source: American Journal of Clinical Oncology)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Oncology - July 1, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Erratum Source Type: research

Effect of Somatosensory Interaction Transcutaneous Electrical Acupoint Stimulation on Cancer-related Fatigue and Immunity: A Randomized Controlled Trial
This study was intended to evaluate the clinical effect of somatosensory interaction transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (SI-TEAS) on cancer-related fatigue (CRF) and its safety. Methods: The study protocol had been registered in China Clinical Trial Registration Center with registration number: ChiCTR2100045655. CRF patients were equally divided into SI-TEAS Group, Acupressure Group and Sham Acupressure Group to receive SI-TEAS, acupressure and sham acupressure treatments 5 times a week. The fatigue levels of patients in the 3 groups were measured by the Piper Fatigue Scale during the baseline period and...
Source: American Journal of Clinical Oncology - July 1, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Original Articles: Symptom Management Source Type: research

Trends in Primary Gallbladder Cancer Incidence and Incidence-based Mortality in the United States, 1973 to 2015
Conclusions: The incidence and IBM rates of GBC have been decreasing over the last 40 years, but the decrease plateaued over the last 2 decades. The effects of treatment modalities, including laparoscopic cholecystectomy, adjuvant chemotherapy, and radiation on the incidence and IBM of GBC need to be further investigated. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Oncology)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Oncology - July 1, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Original Articles: Gastrointestinal Source Type: research

Nonoperative Management Following Complete Response in Rectal Cancer After Short-course Radiation Therapy and Consolidation Chemotherapy: Clinical Outcomes and Quality of Life Measures
Conclusion: NOM with a watch-and-wait strategy is safe and feasible in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer who achieve CR after sequential SCRT and chemotherapy, with evidence for good anorectal function. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Oncology)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Oncology - July 1, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Original Articles: Gastrointestinal Source Type: research

A Phase I Study of Apolizumab, an Anti-HLA-DR ß-chain Monoclonal Antibody, in Patients With Solid Tumor Malignancies
Conclusion: Apolizumab can be administered safely at a maximum tolerated dose of 1.5 mg/kg for 4 consecutive weeks. Adverse events and limited clinical data in both hematologic and solid tumor malignancies resulted in discontinuation of clinical development of apolizumab. HLA-DR remains an interesting immunotherapeutic target. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Oncology)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Oncology - July 1, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Original Articles: Experimental Therapeutics Source Type: research

An Exploratory Study of Neoadjuvant Cetuximab Followed by Cetuximab and Chemoradiotherapy in Women With Newly Diagnosed Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer
Conclusions: Cetuximab with cisplatin 30 mg/m2 and radiotherapy was tolerated. 18F-FDG-PET/CT demonstrated early evidence of response to neoadjuvant cetuximab. With advances in precision oncology and the recent approval of pembrolizumab in metastatic cervical cancer, dual-target inhibition with an epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor may be a promising treatment in the future. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Oncology)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Oncology - July 1, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Original Articles: Gynecologic Source Type: research

Sacituzumab Govitecan-hziy in Breast Cancer
Trophoblast cell-surface antigen-2 (Trop-2) is a transmembrane calcium signal transducer and its overexpression is common in many types of malignant epithelial tumors, including breast cancer (BC). Sacituzumab govitecan-hziy (SG), the anti-Trop-2 antibody-drug conjugate, resulted in a significant survival benefit over chemotherapy in patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (mTNBC). The greatest efficacy was observed in those who had a medium or high Trop-2 score. However, the importance of Trop-2 as a potential predictive factor requires further research. Elderly patients also appear to benefit from treating...
Source: American Journal of Clinical Oncology - July 1, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Social Determinants of Health in Oncology: Towards a More Personalized and Equitable Delivery of Cancer Care
Social determinants of health (SDOH) are defined as the set of modifiable social and physical risk factors that affect health. It is known that SDOH directly influence the population’s overall health, but their effects on patients with cancer are considerably less elucidated. Here, we review the literature describing the effects of SDOH outlined by the Healthy People 2020 framework on patients diagnosed with cancer. We have found that while some SDOH are well-defined in cancer patients, evidence surrounding several variables is scarce. In addition, we have found that many SDOH are associated with disparities at the scree...
Source: American Journal of Clinical Oncology - May 26, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Hospital Price Transparency Rule Exposes Muddied Costs for Head and Neck Radiotherapy in One State
Objectives: Financial toxicity due to cancer treatment is a significant concern for patients. To increase transparency related to treatment costs, the Hospital Price Transparency Final Rule (HPTFR) was passed on January 1, 2021. We used hospital pricing documentation to explore the costs of head and neck cancer (HNC) radiotherapy in Ohio, hypothesizing a large variance in cost based on geography. Materials and Methods: Radiation oncology facilities were identified using the Ohio Hospital Association (OHA) website. The reported technical charges for Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes commonly billed in th...
Source: American Journal of Clinical Oncology - May 26, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Original Articles: Head and Neck Source Type: research

Hematologic Toxicity Comparison of Intensity Modulated Proton Therapy and Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy in Anal Cancer Patients
Purpose: We hypothesize that hematologic toxicity will be lower in anal cancer patients treated definitively with intensity modulated proton therapy (IMPT) compared with patients treated with intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). Methods: Patients enrolled on a prospective feasibility trial assessing the use of IMPT for anal cancer were compared with contemporaneous patients treated with IMRT. Blood counts were collected during chemoradiation. Hematologic events were graded according to CTCAE version 5.0. Pelvic bone marrow (PBM) and positron emission tomography-defined active bone marrow (ABM) were defi...
Source: American Journal of Clinical Oncology - May 26, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Original Articles: Gastrointestinal Source Type: research

Cardiac Angiosarcomas: Risk of Brain Metastasis and Hemorrhage Warrants Frequent Surveillance Imaging and Early Intervention
Purpose: We evaluated a cohort of patients with cardiac angiosarcomas (CA) who developed brain metastases (BM) to define outcomes and intracranial hemorrhage (IH) risk. Methods: We reviewed 26 consecutive patients with BM treated between 1988 and 2020 identified from a departmental CA (n=103) database. Causes of death were recorded, and a terminal hemorrhage (TH) was defined as an IH that caused death or prompted a transfer to hospice. Results: The prevalence of BM was 25% (n=26/103). A total of 23 patients (88%) had IH, including 21 (81%) at initial BM diagnosis, of which 18 (86%) required hospitalizatio...
Source: American Journal of Clinical Oncology - May 26, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Original Articles: Soft Tissue Source Type: research

ACR-ABS-ASTRO Practice Parameter for Transperineal Permanent Brachytherapy of Prostate Cancer
Conclusions: Adherence to established standards can help to ensure that permanent prostate brachytherapy is delivered in a safe and efficacious manner. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Oncology)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Oncology - May 26, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Original Articles: Practice Parameters Source Type: research