Case Report: Disseminated Paracoccidioidomycosis and Strongyloides Hyperinfection in a Patient with Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type 1/2 Infection
We describe the case of a Peruvian farmer from the central jungle with human T-lymphotropic virus type 1/2 infection, with 2 months of illness characterized by respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms associated with fever, weight loss, and enlarged lymph nodes. Strongyloides stercoralis and Paracoccidioides brasiliensis were isolated in sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage samples, respectively. The clinical evolution was favorable after the patient received ivermectin and amphotericin B. We hypothesize that autoinfestation by S. stercoralis in human T-lymphotropic virus type 1/2-infected patients may contribute to the diss...
Source: Am J Trop Med Hyg - March 26, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Juan Montenegro-Idrogo Alfredo Chiappe-Gonzalez Esperanza Vicente-Lozano Gonzalo Cornejo-Venegas Cristhian Resurrecci ón-Delgado Source Type: research
Social Demographic Characteristics Associated with Visceral Leishmaniasis in West Pokot, Kenya
This study aimed to determine the social demographic characteristics associated with visceral leishmaniasis in West Pokot of Kenya. A mixed-methods research design was adopted where household questionnaires and key informant interviews were administered. Quantitative data was analyzed using SPSS version 22, and qualitative data were analyzed to establish patterns for interpretation. Male children aged 10 years or younger were the most infected by Leishmania donovani in the community. The hospital record indicated that 60% of previously treated visceral leishmaniasis patients were severely malnourished during admission. Ris...
Source: Am J Trop Med Hyg - March 26, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Bulle Abdullahi Joshua Mutiso Michael Gicheru Source Type: research
Treatment Outcome in Patients with Disseminated Cysticercosis: A Systematic Review of Case Reports and Case Series
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2024 Mar 26:tpmd230694. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.23-0694. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTDisseminated cysticercosis is defined by multiple brain lesions and involvement of other body sites. Cysticidal treatment in disseminated cysticercosis is considered life-threatening. We conducted a systematic review of all published cases and case series to assess the safety and efficacy of cysticidal treatment. We conducted a systematic review in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines (PROSPERO CRD42022331895) to assess the safety and efficacy of cysticidal t...
Source: Am J Trop Med Hyg - March 26, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Ravindra Kumar Garg Imran Rizvi Rajarshi Chakravarty Hardeep Singh Malhotra Neeraj Kumar Source Type: research
First Report of Chagas Disease Vector Species Triatoma sanguisuga (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) Infected with Trypanosoma cruzi in Delaware
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2024 Mar 26:tpmd230915. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.23-0915. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTIn July and October 2023, two live triatomine bugs were found inside a home in New Castle County, Delaware. The bugs were identified as Triatoma sanguisuga, the most widespread triatomine bug species in the United States. Triatoma sanguisuga is a competent vector of Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas disease. The two specimens were tested via real-time PCR (qPCR) for infection with T. cruzi, and one of the specimens was positive. Despite T. sanguisuga being endemic to the area, attainment of accurate species i...
Source: Am J Trop Med Hyg - March 26, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Jennifer K Peterson Juliana Hoyos Charles R Bartlett Nicole L Gottdenker Brian Kunkel Carrie Murphy Antonio Alvarado Source Type: research
SARS-CoV-2 Seroprevalence and Vaccine Uptake among Pregnant Women at First Antenatal Care Visits in Malawi
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2024 Mar 26:tpmd230726. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.23-0726. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTMany SARS-CoV-2 infections are asymptomatic, thus reported cases underestimate actual cases. To improve estimates, we conducted surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence among pregnant women attending their first antenatal care visit (ANC1) from June 2021 through May 2022. We administered a questionnaire to collect demographic, risk factors, and COVID-19 vaccine status information and tested dried blood spots for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Although <1% of ANC1 participants reported having had COVID-19, monthly SARS-CoV-2 se...
Source: Am J Trop Med Hyg - March 26, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Lyson Tenthani Victoria Seffren Alinune Nathanael Kabaghe Francis Ogollah Monica Soko Ruchi Yadav Felix Kayigamba Danielle Payne Nellie Wadonda-Kabondo Elizabeth Kampira Tyson Volkmann Nandita S Sugandhi Karl Seydel Eric Rogier Julie I Thwing Julie R Gutm Source Type: research
Case Report: Itraconazole Oral Solution Continuous Therapy for Infantile Tinea Capitis
This study assesses the efficacy and safety of itraconazole oral solution continuous therapy, expanding our understanding by demonstrating its effectiveness for infantile tinea capitis caused by T. tonsurans and N. gypsea.PMID:38531098 | DOI:10.4269/ajtmh.23-0741 (Source: Am J Trop Med Hyg)
Source: Am J Trop Med Hyg - March 26, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Ya Bin Zhou Jin Jing Chao Lin Ma Yuan Yuan Xiao Source Type: research
Biliary Taeniasis: Case Series and Literature Review
We report two cases in our hospital. The first patient was diagnosed with acute biliary pancreatitis. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) showed a white, flat, segmented 1-cm-wide tapeworm drilling into the duodenal papilla that was identified as Taenia saginata. After tapeworm removal, bile duct sweeping, and anthelmintic therapy, the patient recovered uneventfully. The second patient was diagnosed with acute cholangitis and multiple stones in the common bile duct and gallbladder. Emergency ERCP showed no tapeworm in the duodenum. During a subsequent ERCP 6 days later, a flat tapeworm, also T. saginata, ...
Source: Am J Trop Med Hyg - March 26, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Yan Li Wangzha Yixi Quzhen Dengzeng Ranhen Yibi Kuiliang Liu Source Type: research
Demographic Characteristics and Low Iron Status Markers Are Associated with Hemoglobin Levels and Anemia among Children Living at High Elevation in Cusco, Peru
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2024 Mar 26:tpmd230666. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.23-0666. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAnemia is a complex condition associated with diet, chronic infections, and blood loss. Children living at high altitudes have higher absolute hemoglobin levels due to hypoxemia. However, they are exposed to repeated infections and dietary limitations. We conducted a cross-sectional study to identify factors affecting the hemoglobin concentration in children living in high-altitude rural communities in the Anta province of Peru. All children 3-16 years of age attending public schools were invited to participate. We enrolled...
Source: Am J Trop Med Hyg - March 26, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Maria A Caravedo Maria Luisa Morales Melinda Tanabe Martha Lopez A Clinton White Miguel M Cabada Source Type: research
Field Isolation and Laboratory Vector-Host Studies of Brazoran Virus (Peribunyaviridae: Orthobunyavirus) from Florida
This study documents the first isolation of Brazoran virus outside of Texas. Although this virus infected Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus in laboratory trials, their vector competence could not be demonstrated, suggesting they are unlikely vectors of Brazoran virus.PMID:38531101 | DOI:10.4269/ajtmh.23-0799 (Source: Am J Trop Med Hyg)
Source: Am J Trop Med Hyg - March 26, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Philip M Armstrong John F Anderson Rohit Sharma Michael J Misencik Angela Bransfield Charles R Vossbrinck Doug E Brackney Source Type: research
Implementation of a Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Live Attenuated Malaria Sporozoite Vaccines in an Indonesian Military Study Population
We describe the manifold challenges of enrolling and immunizing 345 soldier participants at their home base in western Indonesia before their nearly 6,000-km voyage to eastern Indonesia, where they are being monitored for incident P. falciparum and Plasmodium vivax malaria cases during 9 months of exposure. The unique regulatory, ethical, and operational complexities of this trial demonstrate the importance of thorough planning, frequent communication, and close follow-up with stakeholders. Effective engagement with the military community and the ability to adapt to unanticipated events have proven key to the success of th...
Source: Am J Trop Med Hyg - March 26, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Khoriah Indrihutami Krisin Chand Rizka Fahmia Mutia Rahardjani Fitria Wulandari Decy Subekti Rintis Noviyanti Amin Soebandrio Noch T Mallisa I Made Mardika Waras Budiman Irwan Suriswan Yogi Ertanto Mei-Chun Chen Tooba Murshedkar Yonas Abebe B Kim Lee Sim Source Type: research
Acute Primary Cutaneous Nocardiosis
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2024 Mar 26:tpmd230584. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.23-0584. Online ahead of print.NO ABSTRACTPMID:38531103 | DOI:10.4269/ajtmh.23-0584 (Source: Am J Trop Med Hyg)
Source: Am J Trop Med Hyg - March 26, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Xiaokang Xu Zehu Liu Xiujiao Xia Source Type: research
Normal Clinical Laboratory Ranges by Age and Sex, and Impact on Study Screening Outcomes in Rural Mali
We examined hematological and clinical chemistry parameters in healthy residents at two rural vaccine trial sites: Bancoumana and Doneguebougou in Mali, West Africa. During screening of clinical studies in 2018 and 2019, peripheral blood samples from 1,192 apparently healthy individuals age 6 months to 82 years were analyzed at a laboratory accredited by the College of American Pathologists for a complete blood count, and creatinine and/or alanine aminotransferase levels. Based on manufacturers' reference range values, which are currently used in Malian clinical laboratories, abnormal values were common in this healthy pop...
Source: Am J Trop Med Hyg - March 26, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: M'Bouye Doucoure Amatigue Zeguime Amadou Niangaly Merepen A Guindo Justin Y A Doritchamou Mahamadoun H Assadou Abdoulaye Katile Moussa B Kanoute Sidiki Perou Adama Ouattara Sintry Sanogo Boucary Ouologuem Souleymane Traore Bakary Dao Drissa Dembele Mamady Source Type: research
Evaluating Malaria Rapid Diagnostic Tests and Microscopy for Detecting Plasmodium Infection and Status of Plasmodium falciparum Histidine-Rich Protein 2/3 Gene Deletions in Southeastern Nigeria
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2024 Mar 26:tpmd230690. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.23-0690. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTDelays in malaria diagnosis increase treatment failures and deaths. In endemic regions, standard diagnostic methods are microscopy and malaria rapid diagnostic tests (mRDTs) detecting Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein 2/3 (PFHRP2/PFHRP3), but gene deletions can allow certain parasites to remain undetected. We enlisted a cohort comprising 207 symptomatic individuals, encompassing both children and adults, at a hospital in Nnewi, Nigeria. The prevalence of parasites was determined using a highly sensitive, species-...
Source: Am J Trop Med Hyg - March 26, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Moses Ikegbunam Maike Maurer Harrison Abone Dorothy Ezeagwuna Thaisa Lucas Sandri Charles Esimone Olusola Ojurongbe Tamirat Gebru Woldearegai Andrea Kreidenweiss Jana Held Rolf Fendel Source Type: research
Efficacy and Feasibility of Short-Stretch Compression Therapy for Filarial Lymphedema in Sri Lanka
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2024 Mar 26:tpmd230496. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.23-0496. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe WHO-recommended essential package of care (EPC) for filarial limb lymphedema consists of daily limb washing, entry lesion management, limb protection, exercises, and elevation. Decongestive therapy (DT) with compression bandaging by trained lymphedema therapists adds additional benefit but is unavailable for most in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). To determine whether DT using self-adjustable, short-stretch compression garments (SSCG), prefitted using portable, three-dimensional infrared imaging (3DII), would ...
Source: Am J Trop Med Hyg - March 26, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Jaimee M Hall Sandani S Thilakarathne Nirmitha Lalindi De Silva Janaka Ruben Thishan Channa Yahathugoda Philip J Budge Source Type: research
Tuberculosis in United States-Bound Follow-to-Join Asylees, 2014-2019
In conclusion, culture-based overseas TB screening in U.S.-bound follow-to-join asylees is effective in identifying those with TB (class B0 TB) or those at risk for TB (class B1 TB and class B2 LTBI). Completion of postarrival evaluation for newly arrived follow-to-join asylees was less frequent than that reported for immigrants and refugees.PMID:38531107 | DOI:10.4269/ajtmh.23-0233 (Source: Am J Trop Med Hyg)
Source: Am J Trop Med Hyg - March 26, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Yecai Liu Drew L Posey Michelle S Weinberg Christina R Phares Source Type: research
