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Sex differences in sympathetic activity and vascular stiffness in adults with chronic kidney disease (CKD)
CONCLUSIONS: Males with CKD have higher resting sympathetic activity compared to females with CKD. However, there was no difference in vascular stiffness between sexes. There was no correlation between resting MSNA and cfPWV, suggesting that non-neural mechanisms may play a greater role in the progression of vascular stiffness in CKD, particularly in females.PMID:38385174 | DOI:10.1152/ajprenal.00308.2023 (Source: Am J Physiol Renal P...)
Source: Am J Physiol Renal P... - February 22, 2024 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Matias G Zanuzzi Jinhee Jeong Dana R DaCosta Jeanie Park Source Type: research

 In Chronic Kidney Disease Altered Cardiac Metabolism Precedes Cardiac Hypertrophy 
Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2024 Feb 22. doi: 10.1152/ajprenal.00416.2023. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTConduit arterial disease in CKD is an important cause of cardiac complications. Cardiac function in CKD has not been studied in the absence of arterial disease. In an Alport syndrome model bred not to have conduit arterial disease, mice at 225 days of life (dol) had CKD equivalent to human stage 4-5 CKD. PTH and FGF23 levels were one log order elevated, circulating sclerostin was elevated, and renal activin A was strongly induced. Aortic Ca levels were not increased and VSMC transdifferentiation was absent. The CKD mice...
Source: Am J Physiol Renal P... - February 22, 2024 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Matthew J Williams Carmen M Halabi Hiral M Patel Zachary Joseph Kyle McCommis Carla Weinheimer Attila Kovacs Florence Lima Brian Finck Hartmut Malluche Keith A Hruska Source Type: research

Distinct Developmental Reprogramming Footprint of MacrophagesDuring Acute Kidney Injury Across Species
Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2024 Feb 15. doi: 10.1152/ajprenal.00013.2024. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAcute kidney injury (AKI) is a common finding in hospitalized patients, particularly those who are critically ill. Development of AKI is associated with several adverse outcomes including mortality, morbidity, progression to chronic kidney disease, and increase in health care expenditure. Despite the well-established negative impact of AKI and rigorous efforts to better define, identify, and implement targeted therapies, the overall approach to treatment of AKI continues to principally encompass supportive measures. Thi...
Source: Am J Physiol Renal P... - February 15, 2024 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Michal Mrug Elias Mrug Frida Rosenblum Jiandong Chen Xiangqin Cui Anupam Agarwal Abolfazl Zarjou Source Type: research

Activation of farnesoid X receptor retards expansion of renal collecting duct cells-derived cysts via inhibition of CFTR-mediated Cl - secretion
This study shows that FXR activation inhibits Cl- secretion in renal cells via inhibition of CFTR expression and retards renal cyst formation and growth. The discoveries point to a physiological role of FXR in the regulation of CFTR and a potential therapeutic application in polycystic kidney disease treatment.PMID:38299213 | DOI:10.1152/ajprenal.00363.2023 (Source: Am J Physiol Renal P...)
Source: Am J Physiol Renal P... - February 1, 2024 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Nipitpon Srimai Kanlayanee Tonum Sunhapas Soodvilai Source Type: research

C-Terminal Fragment of Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF)-23 Improves Heart Function in Murine Models of High intact FGF23
Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2024 Feb 1. doi: 10.1152/ajprenal.00298.2023. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTCardiovascular disease (CVD) is the major cause of death in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and is associated with high circulating fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-23 levels. It is unresolved whether high circulating FGF-23 is a mere biomarker or pathogenically contributes to cardiomyopathy. It is also unknown whether the C-terminal FGF23 peptide (cFGF23), a natural FGF23 antagonist proteolyzed from intact FGF23 (iFGF23), retards CKD progression and improves cardiomyopathy. We addressed these questions in three murine models...
Source: Am J Physiol Renal P... - February 1, 2024 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Ming Chang Hu James A Reneau Mingjun Shi Masaya Takahashi Gaozhi Chen Moosa Mohammadi Orson W Moe Source Type: research

Rodent models of AKI and AKI-CKD transition: an update in 2024
Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2024 Feb 1. doi: 10.1152/ajprenal.00402.2023. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTDespite known drawbacks, rodent models are essential tools in the research of renal development, physiology, and pathogenesis. In the past decade, rodent models have been developed and used to mimic different etiologies of acute kidney injury (AKI), AKI to chronic kidney disease (CKD) transition or progression, and AKI with comorbidities. These models have been applied for both mechanistic research and preclinical drug development. However, current rodent models have their limitations, especially since they often do not ...
Source: Am J Physiol Renal P... - February 1, 2024 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Ying Fu Yu Xiang Qingqing Wei Daria Ilatovskaya Zheng Dong Source Type: research

 Strategies to mitigate acute kidney injury risk during physical work in hot environments 
Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2024 Feb 1. doi: 10.1152/ajprenal.00350.2023. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTProlonged physical work in the heat can reduce renal function and increase the risk of acute kidney injury (AKI). This is concerning given that the latest climate change projections forecast a rise in global temperature as well as the frequency, intensity, and duration of heatwaves. This means that outdoor and indoor workers in the agriculture or construction industries will be exposed to higher heat stress in the years ahead. Several studies indicate a higher incidence of chronic kidney disease from nontraditional origi...
Source: Am J Physiol Renal P... - February 1, 2024 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Abdulaziz Masoud Zachary J McKenna Zidong Li Michael R Deyhle Christine M Mermier Zachary J Schlader Fabiano T Amorim Source Type: research

The apical 70-pS potassium K channel in the thick ascending limb of Henle's loop is a large-conductance Na + -and Cl - -activated, K Na 1.1-like, channel
Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2024 Jan 25. doi: 10.1152/ajprenal.00311.2023. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTApical potassium channels are crucial for thick ascending limb (TAL) of Henle's loop transport function. The ROMK (KNCJ1) gene encodes a 30-pS K channel whose loss of function causes the reduced NaCl reabsorption in the TAL associated with Type 2 Bartter's syndrome. In contrast, the molecular basis of a functionally ROMK-related 70-pS K channel is still unclear. The aim of this study was to highlight new specific channel properties that may give insights on its molecular identity. Using the patch-clamp technique on the ...
Source: Am J Physiol Renal P... - January 25, 2024 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Elise de Combiens Nadia Frachon Lydie Cheval St éphane Lourdel Marc Paulais Source Type: research

Mitochondria-Derived Reactive Oxygen Species Contribute to Synergistic Interaction of Diabetes and Hypertension in Causing Chronic Kidney Injury
This study assessed whether mitochondria (MT) dysfunction is essential in developing renal injury in a rat model with combined DM and HTN. Type 1 DM was induced in Wistar rats by streptozotocin (STZ). HTN was induced six weeks later by inter-renal aorta constriction between the renal arteries, so that right kidneys were exposed to HTN while left kidneys were exposed to normotension. Kidneys exposed to DM or HTN alone had only mild glomerular injury and urinary albumin excretion (UAE). In contrast, kidneys exposed to DM plus 8 weeks HTN had significantly increased UAE and glomerular structural damage with reduced glomerular...
Source: Am J Physiol Renal P... - January 25, 2024 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Zhen Wang Yiling Fu Alexandre A da Silva Jussara M do Carmo Alan Mouton Ana Carolina M Omoto Xuan Li Jaylan Sears John E Hall Source Type: research

KS-WNK1 is Required for the Renal Response to Extreme Changes in Potassium Intake
In this study, we investigated the role of KS-WNK1 in regulating potassium excretion under extreme changes in potassium intake. After following a zero-potassium diet (0KD) for 10 days, KS-WNK1-/- mice had lower plasma levels of K+ and Cl-, while exhibiting higher urinary excretion of Na+, Cl-, and K+ compared to KS-WNK1+/+ mice. After 10 days of 0KD or normal-potassium diet (NKD), all mice were challenged with a high-potassium diet (HKD). Plasma K+ levels markedly increased after the HKD challenge only in mice previously fed with 0KD, regardless of genotype. KSWNK1+/+ mice adapt better to HKD-challenge than KS-WNK1-/- mice...
Source: Am J Physiol Renal P... - January 25, 2024 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Jessica Paola Bahena-Lopez Laura Vergara Valeria De la Pe ña Miguel A Guti érrez-Gallardo Paulina L ópez-Ibargüen Janeth Alejandra Garc ía H éctor Carbajal-Contreras Norma V ázquez Ruth Rinc ón-Heredia Felipe Masso Norma A Bobadilla Mar ía Casta� Source Type: research