Characterizing the effects of muscle-specific GSK3a/b reduction on murine muscle contractility and metabolism in female mice
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2024 Feb 12. doi: 10.1152/ajpcell.00398.2023. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTDysregulation of skeletal muscle morphology and metabolism is associated with chronic diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. The enzyme glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) is highly involved in skeletal muscle physiology and metabolism, acting as a negative regulator of muscle size, strength, adaptive thermogenesis, and glucose homeostasis. Correspondingly, we have shown that partial gene expression knockdown (~40%) of gsk3 specifically in skeletal muscle increases lean mass, reduces fat mass, and activates muscle-ba...
Source: Am J Physiol Cell Ph... - February 12, 2024 Category: Cytology Authors: Briana L Hockey Michael S Finch Jessica L Braun Ahmad Mohammad Lucas A Maddalena Rene Vandenboom Jeffrey A Stuart Brian D Roy Rebecca E K MacPherson Val A Fajardo Source Type: research

Depalmitoylation and Cell Physiology: APT1 as a Mediator of Metabolic Signals
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2024 Feb 12. doi: 10.1152/ajpcell.00542.2023. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTMore than half of the global population is obese or overweight, especially in Western countries, and this excess adiposity disrupts normal physiology to cause chronic diseases. Diabetes, an adiposity-associated epidemic disease, affects more than 500 million people and cases are projected to exceed one billion before 2050. Lipid excess can impact physiology through the post-translational modification of proteins, including the reversible process of S-palmitoylation. Dynamic palmitoylation cycling requires the S-acylation ...
Source: Am J Physiol Cell Ph... - February 12, 2024 Category: Cytology Authors: Sarah L Speck Xiaochao Wei Clay F Semenkovich Source Type: research

Myometrium infection decreases TREK1 through NHE1 and increases contraction in pregnant mice
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2024 Feb 12. doi: 10.1152/ajpcell.00598.2023. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTIntrauterine infection during pregnancy can enhance the uterine contractions. A two-pore K+ channel TREK1 is crucial for maintaining uterine quiescence and reducing contractility, with its properties regulated by pH changes in cell microenvironment. Meanwhile, the sodium hydrogen exchanger 1 (NHE1) plays a pivotal role in modulating cellular pH homeostasis, and its activation increases smooth muscle tension. By establishing an infected mouse model of Escherichia coli (E. coli) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), we employed Wes...
Source: Am J Physiol Cell Ph... - February 12, 2024 Category: Cytology Authors: Huihui Yu Xingxing Wang Ruixian Tian Xuan Li Chenyi Xu Jiajia Fei Tengteng Li Zongzhi Yin Source Type: research

Elucidation of Pericholangitis and Periductal Fibrosis in Cholestatic Liver diseases via Extracellular Vesicles released by Polarized Biliary Epithelial cells
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2024 Feb 12. doi: 10.1152/ajpcell.00655.2023. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTCholestatic liver diseases causes inflammation and fibrosis around bile ducts. However, the pathological mechanism has not been elucidated. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are released from both the basolateral and apical sides of polarized biliary epithelial cells. We aimed to investigate the possibility that EVs released from the basolateral sides of biliary epithelial cells by bile acid stimulation induce inflammatory cells and fibrosis around bile ducts, and it may be involved in the pathogenesis of cholestatic liver dis...
Source: Am J Physiol Cell Ph... - February 12, 2024 Category: Cytology Authors: Keita Maki Tomohiro Katsumi Takumi Hanatani Fumi Uchiyama Fumiya Suzuki Kyoko Hoshikawa Hiroaki Haga Takafumi Saito Yoshiyuki Ueno Source Type: research

Study on the Osmotic Response and Function of < em > Myo < /em > -inositol Oxygenase in euryhaline fish Nile tilapia ( < em > Oreochromis niloticus < /em > )
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2024 Feb 12. doi: 10.1152/ajpcell.00513.2023. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTTo understand the role of myo-inositol oxygenase (miox) in the osmotic regulation of Nile tilapia, its expression was analyzed in various tissues. The results showed that the expression of miox gene was highest in the kidney, followed by the liver, and was significantly upregulated in the kidney and liver under 1 h hyperosmotic stress. The relative luminescence efficiency of the miox gene transcription starting site (-4617 bp to +312 bp) under hyperosmotic stress was measured. Two fragments (-1640/-1619 and -620/-599) cou...
Source: Am J Physiol Cell Ph... - February 12, 2024 Category: Cytology Authors: Fan Zhang Qiuran Yu Yuxing Huang Yuan Luo Jian-Guang Qin Liqiao Chen Erchao Li Xiaodan Wang Source Type: research

Characterizing the effects of muscle-specific GSK3a/b reduction on murine muscle contractility and metabolism in female mice
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2024 Feb 12. doi: 10.1152/ajpcell.00398.2023. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTDysregulation of skeletal muscle morphology and metabolism is associated with chronic diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. The enzyme glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) is highly involved in skeletal muscle physiology and metabolism, acting as a negative regulator of muscle size, strength, adaptive thermogenesis, and glucose homeostasis. Correspondingly, we have shown that partial gene expression knockdown (~40%) of gsk3 specifically in skeletal muscle increases lean mass, reduces fat mass, and activates muscle-ba...
Source: Am J Physiol Cell Ph... - February 12, 2024 Category: Cytology Authors: Briana L Hockey Michael S Finch Jessica L Braun Ahmad Mohammad Lucas A Maddalena Rene Vandenboom Jeffrey A Stuart Brian D Roy Rebecca E K MacPherson Val A Fajardo Source Type: research

Depalmitoylation and Cell Physiology: APT1 as a Mediator of Metabolic Signals
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2024 Feb 12. doi: 10.1152/ajpcell.00542.2023. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTMore than half of the global population is obese or overweight, especially in Western countries, and this excess adiposity disrupts normal physiology to cause chronic diseases. Diabetes, an adiposity-associated epidemic disease, affects more than 500 million people and cases are projected to exceed one billion before 2050. Lipid excess can impact physiology through the post-translational modification of proteins, including the reversible process of S-palmitoylation. Dynamic palmitoylation cycling requires the S-acylation ...
Source: Am J Physiol Cell Ph... - February 12, 2024 Category: Cytology Authors: Sarah L Speck Xiaochao Wei Clay F Semenkovich Source Type: research

Caffeine-induced protein kinase A activation restores cognitive deficits induced by sleep deprivation by regulating < em > O < /em > -GlcNAc cycling in adult zebrafish
In this study, intraperitoneal caffeine administration significantly ameliorated the learning and memory (L/M) deficits induced by SD and reduced aggressive behaviors in adult zebrafish. SD led to a reduction in PKA phosphorylation, phosphorylated-cAMP response element-binding protein (p-CREB) and c-Fos expression in zebrafish brain. Notably, these alterations were effectively reversed by caffeine. Additionally, caffeine mitigated neuroinflammation induced by SD, as evident from suppression of the SD-mediated increase in GFAP and NF-κB activation. Caffeine restored normal O-GlcNAcylation and O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) lev...
Source: Am J Physiol Cell Ph... - February 5, 2024 Category: Cytology Authors: Thuy-Duong Thi Tran Jiwon Park Dong Yeol Kim Inn-Oc Han Source Type: research

The mechanosensitive gene < em > Arrestin domain containing 2 < /em > regulates myotube diameter with direct implications for disuse atrophy with aging
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2024 Feb 5. doi: 10.1152/ajpcell.00444.2023. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTArrestin Domain Containing 2 and 3 (Arrdc2/3) are genes whose mRNA contents are decreased in young skeletal muscle following mechanical overload. Arrdc3 is linked to the regulation of signaling pathways in non-muscle cells that could influence skeletal muscle size. Despite a similar amino acid sequence, Arrdc2 function remains undefined. The purpose of this study was to further explore the relationship of Arrdc2/Arrdc3 expression with changes in mechanical load in young and aged muscle and define the effect of Arrdc2/3 exp...
Source: Am J Physiol Cell Ph... - February 5, 2024 Category: Cytology Authors: Grant R Laskin Ana Regina Cabrera Nicholas P Greene Robert J Tomko Cynthia Vied Bradley S Gordon Source Type: research

Everolimus exerts anticancer effects through inhibiting the interaction of matrix metalloproteinase-7 with syndecan-2 in colon cancer cells
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2024 Feb 5. doi: 10.1152/ajpcell.00669.2023. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPrevious work showed that matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7) regulates colon cancer activities through an interaction with syndecan-2 (SDC-2) and SDC-2-derived peptide that disrupts this interaction exhibits anticancer activity in colon cancer. Here, to identify potential anticancer agents, a library of 1379 FDA-approved drugs that interact with the MMP-7 pro-domain were virtually screened by protein-ligand docking score analysis using the GalaxyDock3 program. Among five candidates selected based on their structures and to...
Source: Am J Physiol Cell Ph... - February 5, 2024 Category: Cytology Authors: Seohyeon Lee Bohee Jnag Jisun Hwang Yejin Lee Subin Cho Hyeonju Yang Ji-Hye Yun Dong Hae Shin Weontae Lee Eok-Soo Oh Source Type: research

A Method for Isolating Contractile Smooth Muscle Cells from Cryopreserved Tissue
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2024 Feb 5. doi: 10.1152/ajpcell.00442.2023. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTMultiple techniques have been developed to isolate contractile smooth muscle cells (SMCs) from tissues with varying degrees of success. However, most of these approaches rely on obtaining fresh tissue, which poses logistical challenges. In the present study, we introduce a novel protocol for isolating contractile SMCs from cryopreserved smooth muscle (SM) tissue, thereby enhancing experimental efficiency. This protocol yields abundant viable, spindle-shaped, contractile SMCs that closely resemble those obtained from fresh ...
Source: Am J Physiol Cell Ph... - February 5, 2024 Category: Cytology Authors: Matheus L C Schultz Pranjal Seth Linda Kachmar Gijs Ijpma Anne-Marie Lauzon Source Type: research

Effect of exogenous and endogenous ketones on respiratory exchange ratio and glucose metabolism in healthy subjects
In conclusion, at energy balance exogenous ketone salts decreased respiratory exchange ratio without affecting glucose tolerance.PMID:38314726 | DOI:10.1152/ajpcell.00429.2023 (Source: Am J Physiol Cell Ph...)
Source: Am J Physiol Cell Ph... - February 5, 2024 Category: Cytology Authors: Rebecca D örner Franziska Anna H ägele Manfred James M üller Ulrike Seidel Gerald Rimbach Anja Bosy-Westphal Source Type: research

S100b Treatment Overcomes RAGE Signaling Deficits in Myoblasts on Advanced Glycation End-product Cross-linked Collagen and Promotes Myogenic Differentiation
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2024 Feb 5. doi: 10.1152/ajpcell.00502.2023. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAdvanced glycation end products (AGEs) stochastically accrue in skeletal muscle and on collagen over an individual's lifespan, stiffening the muscle and modifying the stem cell (MuSC) microenvironment while promoting proinflammatory, anti-regenerative signaling via the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE). In the present study, a novel in vitro model was developed of this phenomenon by cross-linking a 3D collagen scaffold with AGEs and investigating how myoblasts responded to such an environment. Briefly, co...
Source: Am J Physiol Cell Ph... - February 5, 2024 Category: Cytology Authors: Lucas C Olson Tri Nguyen Eleanor L Sabalewski Jennifer L Puetzer Zvi Schwartz Michael J McClure Source Type: research

HIF-1 contributes to autophagy activation < em > via < /em > BNIP3 to facilitate renal fibrosis in hypoxia in vitro and UUO in vivo
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2024 Jan 29. doi: 10.1152/ajpcell.00458.2023. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe molecular basis of renal interstitial fibrosis, a major pathological feature of progressive kidney diseases, remains poorly understood. Autophagy has been implicated in renal fibrosis, but whether it promotes or inhibits fibrosis remains controversial. Moreover, it is unclear how autophagy is activated and sustained in renal fibrosis. The present study was designed to address these questions using the in vivo mouse model of unilateral ureteral obstruction model and the in vitro model of hypoxia in renal tubular cells....
Source: Am J Physiol Cell Ph... - January 29, 2024 Category: Cytology Authors: Jing Liu Man J Livingston Guie Dong Qingqing Wei Ming Zhang Shuqin Mei Jiefu Zhu Chun Zhang Zheng Dong Source Type: research

Maintenance of the Branched-Chain Amino Acid transporter LAT1 Counteracts Myotube Atrophy following Chemotherapy
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2024 Jan 29. doi: 10.1152/ajpcell.00537.2023. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPrevention/management of cachexia remains a critical issue in muscle wasting conditions. The branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) have anabolic properties in skeletal muscle, but their use in treating cachexia has minimal benefits. This may be related to altered BCAA metabolism consequent to the use of chemotherapy, a main cancer treatment. Since this topic is minimally studied, we investigated the effect of chemotherapy on BCAA concentrations, transporter expression and their metabolism. L6 myotubes were treated with vehicl...
Source: Am J Physiol Cell Ph... - January 29, 2024 Category: Cytology Authors: Stephen Mora Olasunkanmi A J Adegoke Source Type: research