Chameleon TFE3-translocation RCC and How Gene Partners Can Change Morphology: Accurate Diagnosis Using Contemporary Modalities
Translocation renal cell carcinoma (tRCC) with TFE3 gene rearrangements has been born as a distinct entity 20 years ago. These relatively rare tumors were notable among other RCC subtypes because of their disproportionally high incidence among children and young adults. Initial reports were focused on describing unifying morphologic criteria and typical clinical presentation. Follow-up studies of ancillary immunohistochemical and hybridization techniques provided additional diagnostic tools allowing recognition of tRCC tumors in practice. However, a growing body of literature also expanded the clinicomorphologic spectrum o...
Source: Advances in Anatomic Pathology - April 14, 2022 Category: Pathology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
Updates in Grading of Renal Cell Carcinomas Beyond Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma and Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma
The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends grading of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and papillary RCC using the WHO/International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) grade, which is primarily based on nuclear features. As the spectrum of RCC continues to evolve, with more recently described subtypes in the past decade, literature evidence on grading these subtypes is limited or not available for some tumor types. Herein, we outline a pragmatic approach to the topic of grading RCC, dividing the contemporarily described RCC subtypes into 7 categories based on the potential clinical applicability of grading as ...
Source: Advances in Anatomic Pathology - April 14, 2022 Category: Pathology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
Quantum Mechanics and Surgical Pathology: A Brief Introduction
Quantum mechanics (QM) and surgical pathology might seem totally unrelated fields of science. Because QM or particle physics explains the very basic structure and function of nature, there are growing interconnections between the fundamentals and applications of QM and biologic sciences. QM is not only applied to the structure of atoms but also probes the structure of biologic molecules, explains their mutational changes and has provided an insight into the basic mechanisms of many different biologic systems. Many of the current applications in biologic sciences, medicine, and surgical pathology rely on the principles of Q...
Source: Advances in Anatomic Pathology - February 8, 2022 Category: Pathology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
Review of IgG4-related Hashimoto Thyroiditis With Best Practice Recommendations for Diagnosis and Reporting
Found in virtually any organ system, immunoglobulin (Ig) G4–related disease (RD) is a recently recognized immune-mediated, systemic, a fibroinflammatory disease characterized histologically by storiform fibrosis, obliterative phlebitis, and lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate with IgG4-positive plasma cells (PCs). IgG4-related Hashimoto thyroiditis (IgG4-RHT), also called IgG4-related thyroiditis, shares many features with IgG4-RD but is distinct in several ways. A case of IgG4-RHT in a 51-year-old African American female is assembled together with a literature review which uncovered 82 cases of IgG4-RHT. The findings and crite...
Source: Advances in Anatomic Pathology - February 8, 2022 Category: Pathology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
Reforms, Errors, and Dermatopathology Malpractice: Then and Now: A Comprehensive Retrospective
Medical malpractice occurs when a hospital, doctor, or other health care professional, through a negligent act or omission, causes an injury to a patient. The negligence might be the result of errors in diagnosis, treatment, aftercare, or health management. To be considered medical malpractice under the law, the claim must violate the standard of care, the injury must be caused by the negligence and, last but most certainly not least, the injury must result in significant damages. This review is an overview of medicolegal issues specific to the practice of Dermatopathology with the caveat that most are likely pertinent to ...
Source: Advances in Anatomic Pathology - February 8, 2022 Category: Pathology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
Pattern-based Histologic Approach in Very Early Onset IBD: Main Features and Differential Diagnosis
Very early onset inflammatory bowel disease (VEO-IBD) is a clinical umbrella classification composed of IBD-like diseases encompassing both classic IBD (Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis) and monogenic disorder, both arising before 6 years of age. VEO-IBD patients present significant clinical differences from IBD occurring in older children and in adults, including more severe disease, often unresponsive to conventional IBD therapy and a greater proportion of cases featuring an underlying genetic alteration. Histologic findings of gastrointestinal biopsies can show an IBD-like pattern (both Crohn’s disease-like an...
Source: Advances in Anatomic Pathology - February 8, 2022 Category: Pathology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
The Genitourinary Pathology Society Update on Classification of Variant Histologies, T1 Substaging, Molecular Taxonomy, and Immunotherapy and PD-L1 Testing Implications of Urothelial Cancers: Erratum
No abstract available (Source: Advances in Anatomic Pathology)
Source: Advances in Anatomic Pathology - December 17, 2021 Category: Pathology Tags: Erratum Source Type: research
A Pattern-based Pathology Approach to Very Early-onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Thinking Beyond Crohn Disease and Ulcerative Colitis
Very early-onset inflammatory bowel disease (VEO-IBD), IBD diagnosed in children younger than 6 years old, is phenotypically and genetically distinct from older onset IBD. Monogenic and digenic causative defects, particularly in primary immunodeficiency and intestinal epithelial barrier genes, have been identified in a subset of patients with VEO-IBD allowing for targeted therapies and improved outcomes. However, these findings are the minority, thus strategies to correctly diagnose patients, including identification of specific histopathologic findings with correlating clinical and laboratory features may provide critical...
Source: Advances in Anatomic Pathology - December 17, 2021 Category: Pathology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
Histologic Diagnosis of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Inflammatory bowel disease, including ulcerative colitis and Crohn disease, is an idiopathic chronic inflammatory condition of the gastrointestinal tract. Since neither the clinical manifestations nor the morphologic features of inflammatory bowel disease are pathognomonic alone, the differential diagnosis to consider is relatively broad, and it relies on the synthesis of clinical, endoscopic, and microscopic features. Long-held histologic diagnostic principles include recognizing structural and inflammatory features of chronicity, that is, architectural distortion, basal plasmacytosis, and expansion of the lamina propria ...
Source: Advances in Anatomic Pathology - December 17, 2021 Category: Pathology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
Measuring Histologic Activity in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Why and How
Histology is used to confirm the diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease, exclude superimposed infections, and to evaluate for dysplasia. Histology has rarely been used to measure disease activity and guide therapy despite evidence that histologic measurements have value in predicting important clinical outcomes. More recently, there have been numerous studies supporting a role for histologic disease activity measurements in predicting a variety of outcomes including relapse, hospitalizations, steroid use, and dysplasia. The histologic assessment was superior to endoscopic measurements in many of these studies. This review...
Source: Advances in Anatomic Pathology - December 17, 2021 Category: Pathology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
Sampling and Reporting of Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Pathologists have an important and expanding role in the diagnosis and management of inflammatory bowel disease. This role includes the initial diagnosis of the disease, assessment of the response to treatment and the identification of short-term complications such as cytomegalovirus infection and long-term complications such as dysplasia. Furthermore, the assessment of resection specimens for complication of disease is important to determining the risk of subsequent disease or inflammation within an ileal pouch. Adequate sampling of the disease at endoscopy and from the surgical resection specimen is vital to determining ...
Source: Advances in Anatomic Pathology - December 17, 2021 Category: Pathology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
The Significance of Flat/Invisible Dysplasia and Nonconventional Dysplastic Subtypes in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Review of Their Morphologic, Clinicopathologic, and Molecular Characteristics
Patients with inflammatory bowel disease are at significantly increased risk of dysplasia and colorectal cancer (CRC). The early detection, histologic grading, and removal of dysplasia plays a critical role in preventing the development of CRC. With advances in endoscopic visualization and resection techniques, colectomy is no longer recommended to manage dysplasia, unless surveillance colonoscopy detects flat/invisible dysplasia (either high-grade dysplasia or multifocal low-grade dysplasia) or an endoscopically unresectable lesion. Although there are numerous review articles and book chapters on the morphologic criteria ...
Source: Advances in Anatomic Pathology - December 17, 2021 Category: Pathology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Involvement in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Histologic Clues and Pitfalls
This article reviews the most important clinical, endoscopic, and histologic features of IBD-associated esophagitis, gastritis, and duodenitis, as well as the IBD-related manifestations in the biliary tract and the postcolectomy setting. (Source: Advances in Anatomic Pathology)
Source: Advances in Anatomic Pathology - December 17, 2021 Category: Pathology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
Practical Updates in the Pathology of Inflammatory Bowel Disease
No abstract available (Source: Advances in Anatomic Pathology)
Source: Advances in Anatomic Pathology - December 17, 2021 Category: Pathology Tags: Editorial Source Type: research
Grossing, Staging, and Reporting—An Integrated Manual of Modern Surgical Pathology
No abstract available (Source: Advances in Anatomic Pathology)
Source: Advances in Anatomic Pathology - October 14, 2021 Category: Pathology Tags: Book Review Source Type: research
