51-Year-Old Woman With Bloody Diarrhea
A 51-year-old woman presented to the emergency department with bloody diarrhea and abdominal cramping. Symptoms began 5 days before presentation with initially nonbloody diarrhea. She had used over-the-counter loperamide with improvement of stool frequency; however, abdominal cramping persisted. Subsequently, diarrhea became more profuse and became bloody 2 days before presentation. She denied fever or rigor. Her medical history was notable for remote deep venous thrombosis, heterozygous factor V Leiden mutation, and class II obesity with distant history of gastric bypass. (Source: Mayo Clinic Proceedings)
Source: Mayo Clinic Proceedings - March 23, 2024 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Samantha E. Mannion, Clifford M. Csizmar, Sean R. Legler Tags: Residents ’ clinic Source Type: research
Italian guidelines for the management of irritable bowel syndrome in children and adolescents
AbstractThe irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder (FGID), whose prevalence has widely increased in pediatric population during the past two decades. The exact pathophysiological mechanism underlying IBS is still uncertain, thus resulting in challenging diagnosis and management. Experts from 4 Italian Societies participated in a Delphi consensus, searching medical literature and voting process on 22 statements on both diagnosis and management of IBS in children. Recommendations and levels of evidence were evaluated according to the grading of recommendations, assessment, development, and e...
Source: Italian Journal of Pediatrics - March 14, 2024 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Impact of loperamide on the pharmacokinetics and tissue disposition of ritonavir-boosted oral docetaxel therapy; a preclinical assessment
ConclusionThese results suggest that delayed loperamide administration can be added to ritonavir-boosted oral docetaxel treatment, without affecting the overall systemic exposure of docetaxel. (Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology)
Source: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology - March 8, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
MiR-26b-3p Promotes Intestinal Motility Disorder by Targeting FZD10 to Inhibit GSK3 β/β-Catenin Signaling and Induce Enteric Glial Cell Apoptosis
In conclusion, this study indicated that miR-26b-3p promotes intestinal motility disorders by targeting FZD10 to block GSK3β/β-catenin signaling and induces apoptosis in EGCs. Our results provide a new research target for the treatment and intervention of intestinal dysmoti lity. (Source: Molecular Neurobiology)
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - March 1, 2024 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Drugs of the future for diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome: an overview of current investigational drugs
Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2024 Feb 17. doi: 10.1080/13543784.2024.2320703. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTINTRODUCTION: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) has a significant impact on society and quality of life. Current treatments are ineffective, and new investigational drugs are necessary.AREAS COVERED: Numerous potential therapies are developing, targeting different areas such as cannabinoid signaling, opioid receptors, tachykinin (NK2) receptors, β3-adrenergic receptors, intestinal microbiota, inflammation, and 5HT receptors. Clinical trial evidence has shown that loperamide, eluxadoline, alosetron, ramosetron, bile acid...
Source: Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs - February 17, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Shilan Mozaffari Shekoufeh Nikfar Mohammad Abdollahi Source Type: research
Diarrhoea of unknown cause: medical treatment in a stepwise mannerManagement of Idiopathic Diarrhoea Based on Experience of Step-Up Medical Treatment
Scand J Gastroenterol. 2024 Feb 11:1-4. doi: 10.1080/00365521.2024.2313061. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe basic principle for the treatment of idiopathic diarrhoea (functional diarrhoea K59.1) is to delay transit through the gut in order to promote the absorption of electrolytes and water. Under mild conditions, bulking agents may suffice. With increasing severity, antidiarrhoeal pharmaceuticals may be added in a stepwise manner. In diarrhoea of unknown aetiology, peripherally-acting opioid receptor agonists, such as loperamide, are first-line treatment and forms the pharmaceutical basis of antidiarrheal treatment. As ...
Source: Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology - February 12, 2024 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Ann-Sofie Jansson-Rehnberg Asbj ørn Mohr Drewes Jon Sponheim Christer Borgfelt Andreas M ünch Wilhelm Graf Magnus Simr én Greger Lindberg Per M Hellstr öm Source Type: research
Repurposing of Antidiarrheal Loperamide for Treating Melanoma by Inducing Cell Apoptosis and Cell Metastasis Suppression In Vitro and In Vivo
CONCLUSION: These findings suggested that repurposing of loperamide might have great potential as a novel and safe alternative strategy to cure melanoma via inhibiting proliferation, inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, and suppressing migration and invasion.PMID:38303527 | DOI:10.2174/0115680096283086240116093400 (Source: Current Cancer Drug Targets)
Source: Current Cancer Drug Targets - February 2, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Shuping Yang Zhi Li Mingyue Pan Jing Ma Zeyu Pan Peng Zhang Weiling Cao Source Type: research
Colonic Resection in an 8-Year-Old Girl with Intractable Functional Constipation and Diffuse Colonic Dysmotility and Failed Antegrade Flushes
We present a patient with such a history, who ultimately achieved successful surgical management of constipation through a stepwise approach. An 8-year-old female presents with longstanding constipation and diffuse colonic dysmotility demonstrated with colonic manometry. She initially underwent sigmoid resection and cecostomy which failed and required diverting ileostomy. We initially proceeded with an extended resection, colonic derotation (Deloyers procedure), and neo-appendicostomy (neo-Malone) which resulted in successful spontaneous stooling for 1 year. Her constipation recurred and she subsequently underwent completi...
Source: European Journal of Pediatric Surgery Reports - January 31, 2024 Category: Surgery Authors: Danziger, Gabriella Xu, Thomas O. Russell, Teresa Lynn Tiusaba, Laura Yun, Jennie Levitt, Marc A. Badillo, Andrea Tags: Case Report Source Type: research
Diagnosis and Pharmacological Management of Microscopic Colitis in Geriatric Care
AbstractMicroscopic colitis, a diagnosis under the umbrella term of inflammatory bowel disease, is a prevalent cause of watery diarrhea, often with symptoms of urgency and bloating, typically observed in older adults aged ≥ 60 years. Its incidence has been reported to exceed those of ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease in some geographical areas. Although nonpathognomonic endoscopic abnormalities, including changes of the vascular mucosal pattern; mucosal erythema; edema; nodularity; or mucosal defects, e.g. , “cat scratches” have been reported, a colonoscopy is typically macroscopically normal. As reliable bi...
Source: Drugs and Aging - January 17, 2024 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Tongbian decoction restores intestinal microbiota and activates 5-hydroxytryptamine signaling: implication in slow transit constipation
ConclusionOur study showed that TBD alleviated constipation in STC rats by modulating the structure of the intestinal microbiota. (Source: Frontiers in Microbiology)
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - January 15, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Anti-diarrheal effect of piperine possibly through the interaction with inflammation inducing enzymes: In vivo and in silico studies
In conclusion, piperine showed a potent anti-diarrheal effect in castor oil-induced diarrheal chicks by suppressing the inflammation and calcium ion influx induced by castor oil.PMID:38158111 | DOI:10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176289 (Source: European Journal of Pharmacology)
Source: European Journal of Pharmacology - December 29, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Meher Afroz Md Shimul Bhuia Md Anisur Rahman Rubel Hasan Tawhida Islam Md Rakibul Islam Raihan Chowdhury Md Ali Khan Davi Antas E Silva Henrique Douglas Melo Coutinho Muhammad Torequl Islam Source Type: research
Torreya grandis Kernel Oil Alleviates Loperamide ‐Induced Slow Transit Constipation via Up‐Regulating the Colonic Expressions of Occludin/Claudin‐1/ZO‐1 and 5‐HT3R/5‐HT4R in BALB/c Mice
ConclusionConsumption of TKO is beneficial to STC recovery, and it can alleviate LOP-induced STC by up-regulating the colonic expressions of Occludin/Claudin-1/ZO-1 and 5-HT3R/5-HT4R. (Source: Molecular Nutrition and Food Research)
Source: Molecular Nutrition and Food Research - December 29, 2023 Category: Food Science Authors: Xuezhu Wang,
Rui Guo,
Zhuoli Yu,
Lalai Zikela,
Jiaomei Li,
Songtao Li,
Qiang Han Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
