A call for guidance on the treatment of patients taking disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs)
Disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug (DMARD) use in patients presenting to oral and maxillofacial departments should be duly noted. DMARDs lead to immunosuppression and have the potential to suppress anti-tumour immunity.1 DMARD is an encompassing term for both conventional DMARDs (for example, methotrexate, hydroxychloroquine, sulfasalazine, and azathioprine), biologic DMARDs (for example, adalimumab and rituximab), and targeted synthetic DMARDs (for example, filgotinib). DMARDs are increasingly used for cancer and autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and Crohn ’s disease. (Source: The British J...
Source: The British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery - February 26, 2024 Category: ENT & OMF Authors: Kirsty Skye Dickson, Alasdair Regan, Callum Wemyss, Martin Paley, Arshad Siddiqui Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research
Betulinic acid induces apoptosis of HeLa cells via ROS-dependent ER stress and autophagy in vitro and in vivo
AbstractBetulinic acid (BA), a naturally occurring lupane-type triterpenoid, possesses a wide range of potential activities against different types of cancer. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in anti-cervical cancer about BA were rarely investigated. Herein, the role of BA in cervical cancer suppression by ROS-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and autophagy was deeply discussed. The findings revealed that BA activated Keap1/Nrf2 pathway and triggered mitochondria-dependent apoptosis due to ROS production. Furthermore, BA increased the intracellular Ca2+ levels, inhibited the expression of Beclin1 and pr...
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - February 25, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
MYC-dependent MiR-7-5p regulated apoptosis and autophagy in diffuse large B cell lymphoma by targeting AMBRA1
This study explored the role of miR-7-5p in the progression of DLBCL and pursued the underlying mechanism. Quantitative real-time PCR and transfection of miRNA mimic and inhibitors were used to assess the effects of miR-7-5p on autophagy and apoptosis in SU-DHL-4 and SU-DHL-10 cells. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to identify target genes of miR-7-5p. Immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, and western blotting (WB) were performed to explore the underlying mechanism and downstream pathways of miR-7-5p and AMBRA1 in DLBCL cells. MiR-7-5p was upregulated in DLBCL cells. Luciferase reporter assays implicated AMBRA1 as a ...
Source: Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry - February 23, 2024 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Cuifen Zhang Ke Wang Jiahao Tao Chuangjie Zheng Linzhu Zhai Source Type: research
Suppression of hypoxia-induced CAV1 autophagic degradation enhances nanoalbumin-paclitaxel transcytosis and improves therapeutic activity in pancreatic cancer
Eur J Pharmacol. 2024 Feb 21:176431. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176431. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTNanoalbumin-paclitaxel (nab-paclitaxel) is a standard chemotherapy for pancreatic cancer but has shown limited efficacy. However, the mechanism through which circulating nab-paclitaxel passes through the tumour vascular endothelium has not been determined. In our study, a new nonradioactive and highly sensitive method for analysing nab-paclitaxel transcytosis was established. Based on these methods, we found that hypoxia significantly enhanced the autophagic degradation of CAV1 and therefore attenuated caveolae-mediated na...
Source: European Journal of Pharmacology - February 23, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Xiangli Bai Jia Xiong Lin Li Chao Yu Chengyi Sun Source Type: research
Target in Sight: A Comprehensive Review of Hydroxychloroquine-Induced Bull ’s Eye Maculopathy
AbstractPurpose of ReviewWe review the latest screening and diagnostic techniques and the most recent recommendations on the management of hydroxychloroquine retinopathy.Recent FindingsHydroxychloroquine (HCQ) has been shown to cause retinal toxicity in a dose-dependent fashion. Early diagnosis is critical as the resultant retinopathy is not reversible. New imaging modalities, such as adaptive optics (AO), microperimetry, and retro-mode imaging, may show promise in the timely diagnosis of HCQ retinopathy.SummaryAutomated visual fields and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) are the primary tests used in r...
Source: Current Ophthalmology Reports - February 23, 2024 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
De Novo Connective Tissue Disorders as Immune-Related Adverse Events
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized cancer treatment through blocking immunoregulatory pathways, resulting in augmented antitumor responses. However, ICIs can cause inflammatory autoimmune toxicities, known as immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Common rheumatic irAEs include inflammatory arthritis, polymyalgia rheumatica-like symptoms, and myositis. Fewer cases of de novo connective tissue disease as irAEs have been described and have mainly presented with cutaneous manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and systemic sclerosis (SSc). Treatments include glucocorticoids and steroid-spari...
Source: Rheumatic Disease Clinics of North America - February 23, 2024 Category: Rheumatology Authors: Lindsay Kristin Cho, Shahin Jamal Source Type: research
Glucocorticoid use and varying doses on the long-term outcomes of offspring born to patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
Conclusion: The use of non-fluorinated glucocorticoids during pregnancy and varying doses did not have a significant impact on the long-term physical, neurological, and social-emotional development outcomes of offspring born to SLE patients. However, the offspring of SLE patients treated with glucocorticoids > 10 mg/day during pregnancy may be necessary to strengthen the monitoring of height (length) and communication skills in the long term.What is Known:• Fetal exposure to glucocorticoids can have implications for the development of multiple systems and may persist after birth, potentially increasing the risk...
Source: European Journal of Pediatrics - February 23, 2024 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Hydroxychloroquine in Lupus Pregnancy and Risk of Preeclampsia
ConclusionUsing a large insurance-based database, we did not observe a decreased risk of preeclampsia associated with HCQ treatment in pregnancy, although we cannot rule out residual and unmeasured confounding and misclassification. Further studies leveraging large population-based data and prospective collection could characterize how HCQ influences preeclampsia risk in pregnant patients with SLE and among persons at greater risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. (Source: Arthritis and Rheumatology)
Source: Arthritis and Rheumatology - February 20, 2024 Category: Rheumatology Authors: Amadeia Rector,
Ivana Mari ć,
Yashaar Chaichian,
Eliza Chakravarty,
Miranda Cantu,
Michael H. Weisman,
Gary M Shaw,
Maurice L. Druzin,
Julia F. Simard Tags: Full Length Source Type: research
Efficacy and Safety of Hydroxychloroquine in Patients with IgA Nephropathy: A Meta-Analysis
CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate HCQ is an efficient, secure treatment for IgAN.PMID:38374008 | DOI:10.56434/j.arch.esp.urol.20247701.2 (Source: Archivos Espanoles de Urologia)
Source: Archivos Espanoles de Urologia - February 19, 2024 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Zhe Zhang Xiaoyi Liu Peiyi Ye Chao Xie Yaozhong Kong Source Type: research
