Immunization with live nonpathogenic H5N3 duck influenza virus protects chickens against highly pathogenic H5N1 virus.
In this study we used a low pathogenic wild aquatic bird virus isolate А/duck/Moscow/4182/2010 (H5N3) (dk/4182) as a live candidate vaccine. We compared this virus with four live 1:7 reassortant anti-H5N1 candidate vaccine viruses with modified hemagglutinin from either A/Vietnam/1203/04 (H5N1) or A/Kurgan/3/05 (H5N1) and the rest of the genes from either H2N2 cold-adapted master strain A/Leningrad/134/17/57 (rVN-Len and rKu-Len) or H6N2 virus A/gull/Moscow/3100/2006 (rVN-gull and rKu-gull). The viruses were tested in parallel for pathogenicity, immunogenicity and protective effectiveness in chickens using aerosol, intran...
Source: Acta Virologica - September 21, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Gambaryan AS, Boravleva EY, Lomakina NF, Kropotkina EA, Gordeychuk IV, Chvala IA, Drygin VV, Klenk HD, Matrosovich MN Tags: Acta Virol Source Type: research
Neutralization and Binding Profile of Monoclonal Antibodies Generated Against Influenza A H1N1 Viruses.
Authors: Shembekar N, Mallajosyula VV, Malik A, Saini A, Varadarajan R, Gupta SK
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) provide scope for the development of better therapeutics and diagnostic tools. Herein, we describe the binding and neutralization profile(s) for a panel of murine MAbs generated against influenza A H1N1 viruses elicited by immunization with pandemic H1 recombinant hemagglutinin (rHA)/whole virus or seasonal H1 rHA. Neutralizing MAbs, MA-2070 and MA-M, were obtained after pandemic A/California/07/2009 (H1N1) virus/rHA immunization(s). Both MAbs reacted specifically with rHA from A/Californi...
Source: Monoclonal Antibodies in Immunodiagnosis and Immunotherapy - July 29, 2016 Category: Microbiology Tags: Monoclon Antib Immunodiagn Immunother Source Type: research
Rapid Detection of Avian Influenza Virus H5N1 in Chicken Tracheal Samples Using an Impedance Aptasensor with Gold Nanoparticles for Signal Amplification.
In this study, an impedance aptasensor was developed for the virus detection using specific H5N1 aptamer and a gold interdigitated microelectrode. Streptavidin was immobilized on the microelectrode surface and biotin labeled H5N1 aptamer was bound to the immobilized streptavidin. The microelectrode was blocked with the polyethylene glycol and the bound aptamer captured the virus. The impedance change caused by the captured virus was measured using an impedance analyzer. To enhance impedance signal, a nanoparticle-based amplifier was designed and implemented by forming a network-like gold nanoparticles/H5N1-aptamer/thiocyan...
Source: Journal of Virological Methods - July 20, 2016 Category: Virology Authors: Karash S, Wang R, Kelso L, Lu H, Huang TJ, Li Y Tags: J Virol Methods Source Type: research
High conservation level of CD8+ T cell immunogenic regions within an unusual H1N2 human influenza variant
This study describes the immunogenic NP peptides of H1N1, H2N2 and H3N2 influenza viruses isolated from humans over the past century, 1918‐2003, by comparing this historical dataset to reference NP peptides from H1N2 that circulated in humans during 2000‐2003. Observed peptides sequences ranged from highly conserved (15%) to highly variable (12%), with variation unrelated to reported immunodominance. No unique NP peptides which were exclusive to the H1N2 viruses were noted. However, the virus had inherited the NP from a recently emerged H3N2 variant containing novel peptides, which may have assisted its persistence. An...
Source: Journal of Medical Virology - March 7, 2016 Category: Virology Authors: Naomi Komadina, Sergio M Quiñones‐Parra, Katherine Kedzierska, James M. McCaw, Anne Kelso, Karin Leder, Jodie McVernon Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Serum Samples From Middle-aged Adults Vaccinated Annually with Seasonal Influenza Vaccines Cross-neutralize Some Potential Pandemic Influenza Viruses
We examined serum samples from adults ages 48–64 who received multiple seasonal influenza vaccines from 2004 to 2009 for cross-neutralizing antibodies to potential pandemic strains. Using pseudoviruses bearing various hemagglutinins (HA-pseudoviruses), we found serum neutralization titers (≥160) in 100% against A/Japan/305/1957 (H2N2), 53% against A/Hong Kong/1073/99 (H9N2), 56% against the H3N2 variant A/Indiana/08/11 (H3N2v), 11% against A/Hong Kong/G9/97 (H9N2), and 36% A/chicken/Hong Kong/SF4/01 (H6N1). None had titers >160 to A/Shanghai/2/13 (H7N9) or A/Netherlands/219/03 (H7N7). Thirty-six percent to 0% h...
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - January 7, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Wang, W., Alvarado-Facundo, E., Chen, Q., Anderson, C. M., Scott, D., Vassell, R., Weiss, C. D. Tags: VIRUSES Source Type: research
Generation and Characterization of Monoclonal Antibodies Specific to Avian Influenza H5N1 Hemagglutinin Protein.
In this study, we describe the preliminary characterization of four murine MAbs developed against recombinant hemagglutinin (rHA) protein of avian H5N1 A/turkey/Turkey/1/2005 virus that are either highly specific or broadly reactive against HA from other H5N1 subtype viruses, such as A/Hong Kong/213/03, A/Common magpie/Hong Kong/2256/2006, and A/Barheaded goose/Quinghai/14/2008. The antibody binding is specific to H5N1 HAs, as none of the antibodies bound H1N1, H2N2, H3N2, or B/Brisbane/60/2008 HAs. Out of the four MAbs, one of them (MA-7) also reacted weakly with the rHA protein of H7N9 A/Anhui/1/2013. All four MAbs bound...
Source: Monoclonal Antibodies in Immunodiagnosis and Immunotherapy - December 24, 2015 Category: Microbiology Tags: Monoclon Antib Immunodiagn Immunother Source Type: research
Prediction of the next highly pathogenic avian influenza pandemic that can cause illness in humans
Conclusion
Some high-virulent strains of avian influenza might emerge in the next two to three years. The H2N2 subtype, once disappeared in humans, may stage a comeback. The current outbreak of H7N9 may become pandemic and cause even more deaths, if one or two bases are substituted in the 5′-UTR sequence of the HA gene. (Source: Infectious Diseases of Poverty)
Source: Infectious Diseases of Poverty - November 27, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Implementation of new approaches for generating conventional reassortants for live attenuated influenza vaccine based on Russian master donor viruses.
Abstract
Cold-adapted influenza strains A/Leningrad/134/17/57 (H2N2) and B/USSR/60/69, originally developed in Russia, have been reliable master donors of attenuation for preparing live attenuated influenza vaccines (LAIV). The classical strategy for generating LAIV reassortants is robust, but has some disadvantages. The generation of reassortants requires at least 3 passages under selective conditions after co-infection; each of these selective passages takes six days. Screening the reassortants for a genomic composition traditionally starts after a second limiting dilution cloning procedure, and the numb...
Source: Journal of Virological Methods - October 28, 2015 Category: Virology Authors: Shcherbik S, Pearce N, Kiseleva I, Larionova N, Rudenko L, Xu X, Wentworth DE, Bousse T Tags: J Virol Methods Source Type: research
The coexistence or replacement of two subtypes of influenza.
Abstract
A pandemic subtype of influenza A sometimes replaces but sometimes coexists with the previous seasonal subtype. For example, the 1957 pandemic subtype H2N2 replaced the seasonal subtype H1N1; whereas after 1977 subtypes H1N1 (from the pandemic) and H3N2 continue to coexist. In an attempt to understand these alternatives, a hybrid model for the dynamics of influenza A is formulated. During an epidemic season the model takes into account cross-immunity of strains depending on the most recent seasonal infection. This cross-immunity reduces susceptibility to related strains of the seasonal subtype, an...
Source: Mathematical Biosciences - October 7, 2015 Category: Statistics Authors: Asaduzzaman SM, Ma J, Driessche PV Tags: Math Biosci Source Type: research
Genetic stability of live attenuated vaccines against potentially pandemic influenza viruses.
CONCLUSIONS: Our clinical trials revealed phenotypic and genetic stability of the LAIV viruses recovered from the immunized volunteers. In addition, no vaccine virus was detected in the placebo groups indicating the lack of person-to-person transmission. LAIV TRIAL REGISTRATION at ClinicalTrials.gov: H7N3-NCT01511419; H5N2-NCT01719783; H2N2-NCT01982331.
PMID: 26432909 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Vaccine)
Source: Vaccine - September 30, 2015 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Kiseleva I, Dubrovina I, Fedorova E, Larionova N, Isakova-Sivak I, Bazhenova E, Pisareva M, Kuznetsova V, Flores J, Rudenko L Tags: Vaccine Source Type: research
Sensors, Vol. 15, Pages 18565-18578: An Impedance Aptasensor with Microfluidic Chips for Specific Detection of H5N1 Avian Influenza Virus
In this research a DNA aptamer, which was selected through SELEX (systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment) to be specific against the H5N1 subtype of the avian influenza virus (AIV), was used as an alternative reagent to monoclonal antibodies in an impedance biosensor utilizing a microfluidics flow cell and an interdigitated microelectrode for the specific detection of H5N1 AIV. The gold surface of the interdigitated microelectrode embedded in a microfluidics flow cell was modified using streptavidin. The biotinylated aptamer against H5N1 was then immobilized on the electrode surface using biotin–strept...
Source: Sensors - July 29, 2015 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Jacob LumRonghui WangBilly HargisSteve TungWalter BottjeHuaguang LuYanbin Li Tags: Article Source Type: research
Low-pH Stability of Influenza A Virus Sialidase Contributing to Virus Replication and Pandemic.
Abstract
The spike glycoprotein neuraminidase (NA) of influenza A virus (IAV) has sialidase activity that cleaves the terminal sialic acids (viral receptors) from oligosaccharide chains of glycoconjugates. A new antigenicity of viral surface glycoproteins for humans has pandemic potential. We found "low-pH stability of sialidase activity" in NA. The low-pH stability can maintain sialidase activity under acidic conditions of pH 4-5. For human IAVs, NAs of all pandemic viruses were low-pH-stable, whereas those of almost all human seasonal viruses were not. The low-pH stability was dependent on amino acid res...
Source: Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin - June 3, 2015 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Takahashi T, Suzuki T Tags: Biol Pharm Bull Source Type: research
Development of a candidate influenza vaccine based on virus-like particles displaying influenza M2e peptide into the immunodominant region of hepatitis B core antigen: Broad protective efficacy of particles carrying four copies of M2e.
Abstract
A long-term objective when designing influenza vaccines is to create one with broad cross-reactivity that will provide effective control over influenza, no matter which strain has caused the disease. Here we summarize the results from an investigation into the immunogenic and protective capacities inherent in variations of a recombinant protein, HBc/4M2e. This protein contains four copies of the ectodomain from the influenza virus protein M2 (M2e) fused within the immunodominant loop of the hepatitis B virus core antigen (HBc). Variations of this basic design include preparations containing M2e fr...
Source: Vaccine - May 11, 2015 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Tsybalova LM, Stepanova LA, Kuprianov VV, Blokhina EA, Potapchuk MV, Korotkov AV, Gorshkov AN, Kasyanenko MA, Ravin NV, Kiselev OI Tags: Vaccine Source Type: research
Serum strain-specific or cross-reactive neuraminidase inhibiting antibodies against pandemic А/California/07/2009(H1N1) influenza in healthy volunteers
Conclusions:
Our study confirmed that contact with seasonal influenza viruses may have contributed to generating the cross-reacting anti-H1N1/2009pdm NI antibodies which were detected in the sera of 18-20 years old people examined before the pandemic virus active circulation. The lowest levels of antibodies to the neuraminidase of N1 subtype were in the group of participants born during the circulation of influenza A/H2N2 or A/H3N2 viruses. The low correlation between HI and NI antibody titers suggests that NI antibody detection can be used as an additional test to evaluate the immune response after influenza infections or...
Source: BMC Research Notes - April 10, 2015 Category: Research Authors: Yulia DeshevaTatiana SmolonoginaSvetlana DoninaLarisa Rudenko Source Type: research
Assessment of transmission, pathogenesis and adaptation of H2 subtype influenza viruses in ferrets.
Abstract
After their disappearance from the human population in 1968, influenza H2 viruses have continued to circulate in the natural avian reservoir. The isolation of this virus subtype from multiple bird species as well as swine highlights the need to better understand the potential of these viruses to spread and cause disease in humans. Here we analyzed the virulence, transmissibility and receptor-binding preference of two avian influenza H2 viruses (H2N2 and H2N3) and compared them to a swine H2N3 (A/swine/Missouri/2124514/2006 [swMO]), and a human H2N2 (A/England/10/1967 [Eng/67]) virus using the ferr...
Source: Virology - February 4, 2015 Category: Virology Authors: Pappas C, Yang H, Carney PJ, Pearce MB, Katz JM, Stevens J, Tumpey TM Tags: Virology Source Type: research
