Corneal acetylcholine regulates sensory nerve activity via nicotinic receptors
CONCLUSIONS: The corneal epithelium can synthesize and release acetylcholine. Corneal acetylcholine can excite sensory nerves via nicotinic receptors containing the α4 subunit. Therefore, corneal acetylcholine may be one of the important regulators of corneal nerve activity arranging ocular surface condition and sensation.PMID:38242319 | DOI:10.1016/j.jtos.2024.01.006 (Source: The Ocular Surface)
Source: The Ocular Surface - January 19, 2024 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Takayoshi Masuoka Takeshi Kiyoi Shijie Zheng Qiang He Li Liu Junsuke Uwada Ikunobu Muramatsu Source Type: research

Augmentation of scleral glycolysis promotes myopia through histone lactylation
Cell Metab. 2024 Jan 9:S1550-4131(23)00474-6. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.12.023. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTMyopia is characterized of maladaptive increases in scleral fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transdifferentiation (FMT). Scleral hypoxia is a significant factor contributing to myopia, but how hypoxia induces myopia is poorly understood. Here, we showed that myopia in mice and guinea pigs was associated with hypoxia-induced increases in key glycolytic enzymes expression and lactate levels in the sclera. Promotion of scleral glycolysis or lactate production induced FMT and myopia; conversely, suppression of glycolysis or ...
Source: Cell Metabolism - January 17, 2024 Category: Cytology Authors: Xiaolei Lin Yi Lei Miaozhen Pan Changxi Hu Bintao Xie Wenjing Wu Jianzhong Su Yating Li Yuhan Tan Xiaohuan Wei Zhengbo Xue Ruiyan Xu Mengqi Di Hanyu Deng Shengcong Liu Xingxing Yang Jia Qu Wei Chen Xiangtian Zhou Fei Zhao Source Type: research

Steroidogenic activity and morphological characterization of prenatal testes and epididymis of guinea pig (Cavia porcellus)
Anim Reprod Sci. 2024 Feb;261:107407. doi: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2023.107407. Epub 2024 Jan 2.ABSTRACTThe present study aims to establish the morphological, morphometric, and immunostaining patterns of the steroidogenic enzymes 17β-HSD and 5α-reductase and androgen receptors (AR) during the prenatal development of the male gonad and epididymis of Cavia porcellus. Fetuses at 22, 25, 30, 40, 45, 50, and 60 days of gestation (DG) were used. Specimens were dissected and subjected to macroscopic, histological, histomorphometric, and immunohistochemical analyses. Genital and scrotal protrusions were identified in 22 DG embryos...
Source: Animal Reproduction Science - January 13, 2024 Category: Zoology Authors: G A A Lemos A C Santos D C C Brito M A S Novaes A C Assis Neto Source Type: research

Pharmacokinetics of monoclonal antibodies locally-applied into the middle ear of guinea pigs
Hear Res. 2024 Feb;442:108950. doi: 10.1016/j.heares.2024.108950. Epub 2024 Jan 8.ABSTRACTCountless therapeutic antibodies are currently available for the treatment of a broad range of diseases. Some target molecules of therapeutic antibodies are involved in the pathogenesis of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), suggesting that SNHL may be a novel target for monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapy. When considering mAb therapy for SNHL, understanding of the pharmacokinetics of mAbs after local application into the middle ear is crucial. To reveal the fundamental characteristics of mAb pharmacokinetics following local application...
Source: Hearing Research - January 13, 2024 Category: Audiology Authors: Tomoko Kita Yoshiyuki Yabe Yuki Maruyama Yuki Tachida Yoshitake Furuta Naotoshi Yamamura Ichiro Furuta Kohei Yamahara Masaaki Ishikawa Koichi Omori Taro Yamaguchi Takayuki Nakagawa Source Type: research

Mannitol and hyponatremia regulate cardiac ventricular conduction in the context of sodium channel loss of function
CONCLUSION: Loss of EpC through either hyponatremia or mannitol alone results in slowed or disrupted conduction in a genetic model of Nav1.5 LOF. However, combination of these interventions attenuates conduction slowing.PMID:38214908 | DOI:10.1152/ajpheart.00211.2023 (Source: American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology)
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology - January 12, 2024 Category: Physiology Authors: Grace A Blair Xiaobo Wu Chandra Bain Mark Warren Gregory S Hoeker Steven Poelzing Source Type: research

Nitrate fertilization enhances manganese phytoextraction in Tanzania guinea grass: a novel hyperaccumulator plant?
The objective was to evaluate the Mn hyperaccumulator potential of Tanzania guinea grass grown as affected by proportions of nitrate/ammonium (NO3-/NH4+). An experiment in a growth chamber with nutrient solution, combining NO3-/NH4+ proportions (100/0 and 70/30) and Mn rates (10, 500, 1500, and 3000 μmol L-1), was carried out. The highest Mn concentration was verified in plants grown with 100/0 NO3-/NH4+ and Mn at 3000 μmol L-1, reaching up to 5500 and 21,187 mg kg-1 in shoots and roots, respectively, an overall concentration of 13,345 mg kg-1. These numbers are typically seen in hyperaccumulators. At that combination, M...
Source: Environmental Science and Pollution Research International - January 9, 2024 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Jo ão Cardoso de Souza Junior Francisco Antonio Monteiro Source Type: research

Hemorrhagic Activity of Cationic Starch Conjugates with Sterically Hindered Phenol after Intravenous Administration to Guinea Pigs
Intravenous injection of cationic starch conjugated with sterically hindered phenol (terpenophenol) to guinea pigs did not increase hemorrhagic activity (in doses of 2 and 4 mg/kg) and plasma clotting time in activated partial thromboplastin time and prothrombin time tests (in a dose of 4 mg/kg) in comparison with administration of physiological saline. Intravenous injection of the cationic starch conjugate with the highest content of terpenophenol fragments (4.1%wt) in a dose of 2 mg/kg to guinea pigs leads to a decrease in hemorrhagic activity by 4 times in comparison with the control. (Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine)
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - January 9, 2024 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Retracted: The Effect and Mechanism of Burnet Gels on Steroid-Dependent Dermatitis in Guinea Pig Model
Biomed Res Int. 2023 Dec 29;2023:9804056. doi: 10.1155/2023/9804056. eCollection 2023.ABSTRACT[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1155/2022/5866824.].PMID:38188801 | PMC:PMC10769733 | DOI:10.1155/2023/9804056 (Source: Biomed Res)
Source: Biomed Res - January 8, 2024 Category: Research Authors: BioMed Research International Source Type: research

Flavones isolated from < em > Pseudognaphalium liebmannii < /em > with tracheal smooth muscle relaxant properties
Nat Prod Res. 2024 Jan 8:1-6. doi: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2300402. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe inflorescences of Pseudognaphalium liebmannii are used as folk medicine to treat various respiratory diseases. In this work, we report the isolation of seven known flavones: 5-hydroxy-3,7-dimethoxyflavone 1, 5,8-dihydroxy-3,7-dimethoxyflavone 2, 5,7-dihydroxy-3,8-dimethoxyflavone 3 (gnaphaliin A), 3,5-dihydroxy-7,8-dimethoxyflavone 4 (gnaphaliin B), 3,5-dihydroxy-6,7,8-trimethoxyflavone 5, 3,5,7-trimethoxyflavone 6 and 3-O-methylquercetin 7. All these flavones except 1 and 6 showed a relaxant effect on guinea pig tracheal pr...
Source: Natural Product Research - January 8, 2024 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Andr és Navarrete Jos é Luis Balderas-López Jos é Guadalupe Rosas-Canales Gabriela Rub í Tapia-Álvarez Alejandro Alfaro-Romero V íctor Hugo Aviles-Rosas Fernando Rodr íguez-Ramos Bharathi Avula Ikhlas A Khan Source Type: research

Flavones isolated from < em > Pseudognaphalium liebmannii < /em > with tracheal smooth muscle relaxant properties
Nat Prod Res. 2024 Jan 8:1-6. doi: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2300402. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe inflorescences of Pseudognaphalium liebmannii are used as folk medicine to treat various respiratory diseases. In this work, we report the isolation of seven known flavones: 5-hydroxy-3,7-dimethoxyflavone 1, 5,8-dihydroxy-3,7-dimethoxyflavone 2, 5,7-dihydroxy-3,8-dimethoxyflavone 3 (gnaphaliin A), 3,5-dihydroxy-7,8-dimethoxyflavone 4 (gnaphaliin B), 3,5-dihydroxy-6,7,8-trimethoxyflavone 5, 3,5,7-trimethoxyflavone 6 and 3-O-methylquercetin 7. All these flavones except 1 and 6 showed a relaxant effect on guinea pig tracheal pr...
Source: Natural Product Research - January 8, 2024 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Andr és Navarrete Jos é Luis Balderas-López Jos é Guadalupe Rosas-Canales Gabriela Rub í Tapia-Álvarez Alejandro Alfaro-Romero V íctor Hugo Aviles-Rosas Fernando Rodr íguez-Ramos Bharathi Avula Ikhlas A Khan Source Type: research

The spread of Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) in the islands of S ão Tomé and Príncipe
We report the presence of the species in Príncipe for the first time, suggesting that the range of Ae. albopictus is larger than previously thought. Finally, we use bioclimatic niche modeling to infer the potential range of Ae. albopictus and infer that the species has the potential to spread across a large portion of São Tomé and Príncipe. Our results suggest that Ae. albopictus has established itself as a resident species of the islands of the Gulf of Guinea and should be incorporated into the list of potential vectors that need to be surveyed and controlled.PMID:38185188 | DOI:10.1016/j.actatropica.2023.107106 (Source: Acta Tropica)
Source: Acta Tropica - January 7, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Jonathan A Rader Antonio Serrato-Capuchina Tayte Anspach Daniel R Matute Source Type: research

The spread of Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) in the islands of S ão Tomé and Príncipe
We report the presence of the species in Príncipe for the first time, suggesting that the range of Ae. albopictus is larger than previously thought. Finally, we use bioclimatic niche modeling to infer the potential range of Ae. albopictus and infer that the species has the potential to spread across a large portion of São Tomé and Príncipe. Our results suggest that Ae. albopictus has established itself as a resident species of the islands of the Gulf of Guinea and should be incorporated into the list of potential vectors that need to be surveyed and controlled.PMID:38185188 | DOI:10.1016/j.actatropica.2023.107106 (Source: Acta Tropica)
Source: Acta Tropica - January 7, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Jonathan A Rader Antonio Serrato-Capuchina Tayte Anspach Daniel R Matute Source Type: research

Thymus atlanticus (Ball) Roussine Aqueous Extract Exerts Lipid-lowering and Anti-atherosclerotic Effects in Hyperlipidemic Guinea Pigs
(Source: Cardiovascular and Haematological Disorders - Drug Targets)
Source: Cardiovascular and Haematological Disorders - Drug Targets - January 6, 2024 Category: Cardiology Authors: Elbouny, Hamza Ouahzizi, Brahim Bekkouch, Oussama Bennani, Amal Amrani, Souliman Ramchoun, Mhamed Sellam, Khalid Alem, Chakib Tags: Research article Source Type: research

Compulsory treatment in Portuguese-speaking countries: An analysis and comparison of the legal framework
CONCLUSIONS: The significant disparities in compulsory treatment policies among Portuguese-speaking countries, with only Brazil, Cape Verde, and Portugal having specific legislation, underscore the need for a collective effort to establish more consistent procedures and safeguard individual rights.PMID:38181487 | DOI:10.1016/j.ijlp.2023.101950 (Source: International Journal of Law and Psychiatry)
Source: International Journal of Law and Psychiatry - January 5, 2024 Category: Medical Law Authors: J éssica Schmeling Jo ão Martins-Correia Mariana Pinto da Costa Source Type: research

Compulsory treatment in Portuguese-speaking countries: An analysis and comparison of the legal framework
CONCLUSIONS: The significant disparities in compulsory treatment policies among Portuguese-speaking countries, with only Brazil, Cape Verde, and Portugal having specific legislation, underscore the need for a collective effort to establish more consistent procedures and safeguard individual rights.PMID:38181487 | DOI:10.1016/j.ijlp.2023.101950 (Source: International Journal of Law and Psychiatry)
Source: International Journal of Law and Psychiatry - January 5, 2024 Category: Medical Law Authors: J éssica Schmeling Jo ão Martins-Correia Mariana Pinto da Costa Source Type: research