Dietary n-3 alpha-linolenic and n-6 linoleic acids modestly lower serum lipoprotein(a) concentration but differentially influence other atherogenic lipoprotein traits: a randomized trial
Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is a causal, genetically determined cardiovascular risk factor. Limited evidence suggests that dietary unsaturated fat may increase serum Lp(a) concentration by 10 –15%. Linoleic acid may increase Lp(a) concentration through its endogenous conversion to arachidonic acid, a process regulated by the fatty acid desaturase (FADS) gene cluster. We aimed to compare the Lp(a) and other lipoprotein trait-modulating effects of dietary alpha-linolenic (ALA) and linole ic acids (LA). Additionally, we examined whether FADS1 rs174550 genotype modifies Lp(a) responses. (Source: Atherosclerosis)
Source: Atherosclerosis - April 22, 2024 Category: Cardiology Authors: Petrus Nuotio, Maria A. Lankinen, Topi Meuronen, Vanessa D. de Mello, Taisa Sallinen, Kirsi A. Virtanen, Jussi Pihlajam äki, Markku Laakso, Ursula Schwab Source Type: research
Maize Aspergillus section Flavi isolate diversity may be distinct from that of soil and subsequently the source of aflatoxin contamination
AbstractAspergillus sectionFlavi (Flavi) is a diverse group of fungal species whose common members includeA. flavus andA. parasiticus. These are well-known for the production of aflatoxin (AF) B and G and other toxic metabolites, like cyclopiazonic acid (CPA). They are saprophytic soil dwellers and also become crop opportunistic epiphytes. The consequence is contamination of the crop with mycotoxins, such as carcinogenic AF. We investigated theFlavi community structure of maize and that of their surrounding soil, including their mycotoxigenicity. Furthermore, we investigated the link of the maizeFlavi diversity with prehar...
Source: Mycotoxin Research - April 22, 2024 Category: Toxicology Source Type: research
Association of polymorphism in the promotor area of the caprine BMPR1B gene with litter size and body measurement traits in Damani goats
This study aimed to explore polymorphisms in the promoter region of the caprineBMPR1B (Bone morphogenetic protein receptor 1 beta) gene and its association with body measurement and litter size traits in Damani does. A total of 53 blood samples were collected to analyze the association between theBMPR1B gene polymorphism and 11 phenotypic traits in Damani female goats. The results revealed that three novel SNPs were identified in the promoter region of the caprineBMPR1B gene, including g.67 A  >  C (SNP1), g.170 G >  A(SNP2), and g.501A >  T (SNP3), among which the SNP1 and SNP2 were significantly (pâ€...
Source: Tropical Animal Health and Production - April 22, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Principal component analysis of phenotypic and breeding value data for semen traits in Egyptian buffalo bulls
This study was conducted to assess the relationship between the breeding values as well as the phenotypic values for semen traits (VOL, MM, LS, AS and CONC) of the Egyptian buffalo bulls. A total of 7761 normal semen ejaculates were collected and characterized at ILMTC laboratory from 26 bulls from 2009 to 2019. For VOL, MM, LS, AS, and CONC, the actual means were 3.89 mL, 62.37%, 60.64%, 3.94%, and 0.67  × 109 sperm/mL, respectively. The prediction of breeding values for semen traits was estimated using a Bayesian procedure. The estimated standardized EBVs and phenotypic values were used in the principal component an...
Source: Tropical Animal Health and Production - April 22, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Comparison of Three Viral Nucleic Acid Preamplification Pipelines for Sewage Viral Metagenomics
In this study, we investigated the performance of three different preamplification pipelines (specific to RNA viruses, DNA viruses or both) for viral genome sequencing using spiked-in Phosphate Buffered Saline and sewage samples containing known concentrations of viruses. We found that compared to the pipeline targeting all genome types, the RNA pipeline performed better in detecting RNA viruses in both spiked and unspiked sewage samples, allowing the detection of various mammalian viruses including members from theReoviridae,Picornaviridae,Astroviridae andCaliciviridae. However, the DNA-specific pipeline did not improve t...
Source: Food and Environmental Virology - April 22, 2024 Category: Virology Source Type: research
Unveilling genetic profiles and correlations of biofilm-associated genes, quorum sensing, and antibiotic resistance in Staphylococcus aureus isolated from a Malaysian Teaching Hospital
ConclusionsThe high prevalence of biofilm and slime production among MSSA and MRSA isolates correlates well with the detection of a high prevalence of biofilm-associated genes andagr quorum sensing system. A significant association ofagrI gene was found with cefoxitin, oxacillin, and fluoroquinolone resistance. A more focused approach targeting biofilm-associated and quorum sensing genes is important in developing new surveillance and treatment strategies againstS. aureus biofilm infection. (Source: European Journal of Medical Research)
Source: European Journal of Medical Research - April 22, 2024 Category: Research Source Type: research
Mutations in the NUP93, NUP107 and NUP160 genes cause steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome in Chinese children
ConclusionThis report indicates that biallelic variants inNUP93,NUP107 andNUP160 can cause severe early-onset SRNS, which rapidly progresses to ESKD. Moreover, these findings expand the spectrum of phenotypes and genotypes and highlight the importance of next-generation sequencing in elucidating the molecular basis of SRNS and allowing rational treatment for affected individuals. (Source: Italian Journal of Pediatrics)
Source: Italian Journal of Pediatrics - April 22, 2024 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Dozens of genes are linked to post-traumatic stress disorder
Nature, Published online: 22 April 2024; doi:10.1038/d41586-024-01147-9Findings underscore that genetic factors contribute to development of the condition after a traumatic incident. (Source: Nature AOP)
Source: Nature AOP - April 22, 2024 Category: Research Source Type: research
Nanopore Long-Read Sequencing Solves the Conundrum of FLG Genetics
Loss-of-function (LoF) variants resulting in stop codons in FLG are causative for ichthyosis vulgaris (IV) (Smith et  al, 2006). FLG LoF is also a major risk factor for developing atopic dermatitis (AD) (Palmer et al, 2006). However, reports of mild AD in compound heterozygote individuals suggest that these LoF may be in cis (same allele) and the other allele to be normal. To further complicate FLG genetics, eac h FLG allele is comprised of either 10, 11, or 12 repeats, with each additional repeat decreasing the odds of AD (Brown et al, 2012). (Source: Journal of Investigative Dermatology)
Source: Journal of Investigative Dermatology - April 22, 2024 Category: Dermatology Authors: Pedro S. Bonilla, Cristina de Guzman Strong Tags: Commentary Source Type: research
Rare genetic cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis cases (CTX) without cholestanol elevation but with prominent cholesterol-rich tendon xanthomas.
Cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis (CTX) is a rare disease attributed to partial or complete loss of the enzyme sterol-27-hydroxylase leading to chenodeoxycholic acid and cholic acid production deficiency, and accumulation of sterol intermediates, mainly cholestanol, in plasma and in several other tissues. The clinical phenotype of CTX greatly varies among patients and includes tendon xanthomas, gallbladder stones, diarrhea, cataracts, and neurological abnormalities 1. The diagnostic identification typically is characterized by an elevated level of plasma cholestanol and identification of CYP27A1 gene variants. (Source: Journa...
Source: Journal of Clinical Lipidology - April 22, 2024 Category: Lipidology Authors: Renato Jorge Alves, Val éria Sutti Nunes, Ney Carter do Carmo Borges Junior, Edna Regina Nakandakare, Eder Carlos Rocha Quintão Tags: Case Study Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 650: Association of the IFNG +874T/A Polymorphism with Symptomatic COVID-19 Susceptibility
In this study, we investigated the associations of the TNF -308G/A and IFNG +874T/A polymorphisms with COVID-19. We analyzed the frequencies of the two polymorphisms in the control groups (CG: TNF -308G/A, n = 497; IFNG +874T/A, n = 397), a group of patients with COVID-19 (CoV, n = 222) and among the subgroups of patients with nonsevere (n = 150) and severe (n = 72) COVID-19. We found no significant difference between the genotypic and allelic frequencies of TNF -308G/A in the groups analyzed; however, both the frequencies of the high expression genotype (TT) (CoV: 13.51% vs. CG: 6.30%; p = 0.003) and the *T allele (CoV: 3...
Source: Viruses - April 22, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Kevin Matheus Lima de Sarges Fl ávia Póvoa da Costa Erika Ferreira dos Santos Marcos Henrique Damasceno Cantanhede Rosilene da Silva Adriana de Oliveira Lameira Ver Ãssimo Maria de Nazar é do Socorro de Almeida Viana Fab Ãola Brasil Barbosa Rodrigues Tags: Communication Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 652: Heterologous Exchanges of Glycoprotein and Non-Virion Protein in Novirhabdoviruses: Assessment of Virulence in Yellow Perch (Perca flavescens) and Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
el Kurath
Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) and viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) are rhabdoviruses in two different species belonging to the Novirhabdovirus genus. IHNV has a narrow host range restricted to trout and salmon species, and viruses in the M genogroup of IHNV have high virulence in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). In contrast, the VHSV genotype IVb that invaded the Great Lakes in the United States has a broad host range, with high virulence in yellow perch (Perca flavescens), but not in rainbow trout. By using reverse-genetic systems of IHNV-M and VHSV-IVb strains, we generated six...
Source: Viruses - April 22, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Vikram N. Vakharia Arun Ammayappan Shamila Yusuff Tarin M. Tesfaye Gael Kurath Tags: Article Source Type: research
Molecular investigation and genetic characterization of feline leukemia virus (FeLV) in cats referred to a veterinary teaching hospital in Northern Italy
In this study, a quantitative SYBR Green Real-Time PCR (qPCR) assay was used to detect FeLV proviral DNA in blood samples from antigen positive cats referred to a veterinary teaching hospital in Northern Italy in 2018 –2021. To genetically characterize the identified viruses, a portion of the viral envelope (env) gene was amplified using six different end-point PCRs and sequenced. Twenty-two of 26 (84.6%) cats included in the study tested positive by qPCR assay. This suggests a high performance of the qPCR adopted but further studies are required to investigate the cause of discordant results between the antigen test and...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - April 22, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Assessing the causal associations of different types of statins use and knee/hip osteoarthritis: A Mendelian randomization study
This study comprehensively evaluated the causal relationship between different types of statins use and knee/hip osteoarthritis (OA) using a two-sample and multivariate Mendelian randomization (MR) method. MethodsMR analysis was conducted using publicly available summary statistics data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to assess the causal associations between total statins use (including specific types) and knee/hip OA. The primary analysis utilized the inverse variance-weighted (IVW) method, with sensitivity analysis conducted to assess robustness. Multivariable MR (MVMR) analysis adjusted for low-density lipo...
Source: PLoS One - April 22, 2024 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Xin Chen Source Type: research
The association between < i > Dioscorea sansibarensis < /i > and < i > Orrella dioscoreae < /i > as a model for hereditary leaf symbiosis
by Tessa Acar, Sandra Moreau, Marie-Fran çoise Jardinaud, Gabriella Houdinet, Felicia Maviane-Macia, Frédéric De Meyer, Bart Hoste, Olivier Leroux, Olivier Coen, Aurélie Le Ru, Nemo Peeters, Aurelien Carlier
Hereditary, or vertically-transmitted, symbioses affect a large number of animal species and some plants. The precise mechanisms underlying transmission of functions of these associations are often difficult to describe, due to the difficulty in separating the symbiotic partners. This is especiall y the case for plant-bacteria hereditary symbioses, which lack experimentally tractable model systems. Here, we demons...
Source: PLoS One - April 22, 2024 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Tessa Acar Source Type: research
