A Comparative Investigation of Axon-Blood Vessel Growth Interaction in the Regenerating Sciatic and Optic Nerves in Adult Mice
AbstractThe vascular and the nervous systems share similarities in addition to their complex role in providing oxygen and nutrients to all cells. Both are highly branched networks that frequently grow close to one another during development. Vascular patterning and neural wiring share families of guidance cues and receptors. Most recently, this relationship has been investigated in terms of peripheral nervous system (PNS) regeneration, where nerves and blood vessels often run in parallel so endothelial cells guide the formation of the B üngner bands which support axonal regeneration. Here, we characterized the vascular re...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - March 27, 2024 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Inhibition of TLR4/NF- κB pathway and endoplasmic reticulum stress by overexpressed S100A4 ameliorates retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury of mice
This study was aimed to further discuss the neuroprotection and mechanisms of S100A4 in retinal I/R of mice. The rAAV-EF1 α-s100a4-EGFP-WPRE or rAAV-EF1α-EGFP-WPRE-Pa was injected intravitreally 4 weeks before I/R. S100A4, molecules in TLR4 signaling pathway and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress branches, inflammatory molecules, and surviving RGCs and cholinergic amacrine (ChAT) cells were determined by quantitative PCR, western blot, or immunofluorescent staining. The apoptosis and necrosis of retinal neurons induced by I/R were inhibited by overexpressed S100A4. RGCs, ChAT cells, and the retinal function were preserved...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - March 27, 2024 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

GSE254269 BAI1 localises AMPA receptors at the cochlear afferent postsynaptic density and is
Contributors : Fiorella Grandi ; Adam Carlton ; Jing-Yi Jeng ; Walter MarcottiSeries Type : Expression profiling by high throughput sequencingOrganism : Mus musculusType I spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) convey sound information to the central auditory pathway by forming axo-somatic synapses with inner hair cells (IHCs), the primary sensory receptors of the mammalian cochlea. Although IHC ribbon synapses have been extensively studied, the molecular mechanisms regulating the structure and function of the post-synaptic density (PSD) at the SGN afferent terminals are largely unknown. Using functional, morphological, and tr...
Source: GEO: Gene Expression Omnibus - March 27, 2024 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Tags: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing Mus musculus Source Type: research

Potential ocular indicators to distinguish posterior cortical atrophy and typical Alzheimer's disease: a cross-section study using optical coherence tomography angiography
CONCLUSIONS: PCA patients exhibited similar impairment patterns to AD patients in the fundus structure and microvascular network. OCTA may aid in the non-invasive detection of AD and PCA, but still remains to be substantiated.PMID:38528626 | PMC:PMC10962115 | DOI:10.1186/s13195-024-01431-w (Source: Cell Research)
Source: Cell Research - March 26, 2024 Category: Cytology Authors: Yan Sun Lumi Zhang Hui Ye Lumin Leng Yi Chen Yujie Su Peifang Ren Hong Lu Guoping Peng Source Type: research

A next generation peripherally restricted Cav α2δ-1 ligand with inhibitory action on Cav2.2 channels and utility in neuropathic pain
Biomed Pharmacother. 2024 Mar 25;174:116472. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116472. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe Voltage-Gated Calcium Channel (VGCC) auxiliary subunit Cavα2δ-1 (CACNA2D1) is the target/receptor of gabapentinoids which are known therapeutics in epilepsy and neuropathic pain. Following damage to the peripheral sensory nervous system, Cavα2δ-1 is upregulated in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons in several animal models of chronic neuropathic pain. Gabapentinoids, such as gabapentin and pregabalin, engage with Cavα2δ-1 via binding an arginine residue (R241) within an RRR motif located at the N-terminus...
Source: Biomedicine and pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine and pharmacotherapie - March 26, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Franz Kricek Christine Ruf Premji Meghani Ivana A Souza Maria A Gandini Gerald W Zamponi George Skouteris Source Type: research

Inflammatory mechanisms contributing to retinal alterations in HIV infection and long-term ART
People living with HIV (PLWH) may face an increased risk of eye complications associated with ageing, chronic inflammation, and the toxicity arising from long-term antiretroviral therapy (ART). This review aims to understand how inflammatory pathways contribute to retinal alterations observed in PLWH on long-term ART. This review was conducted using four electronic database searches, namely Scopus, Hinari, Google Scholar, and PubMed; from 1996 (when ART became available) until January 2022, without language restriction. Sources from clinical trials, meta-analyses, randomised controlled trials, and systematic reviews were u...
Source: Southern African Journal of HIV Medicine - March 26, 2024 Category: African Health Authors: Lungile M. Buthelezi Source Type: research

The association of islet autoantibodies with the neural retinal thickness and microcirculation in type 1 diabetes mellitus with no clinical evidence of diabetic retinopathy
ConclusionsIAbs are associated with neural retinal thinning and microcirculation reduction in T1DM patients before the clinical onset of diabetic retinopathy. (Source: Acta Diabetologica)
Source: Acta Diabetologica - March 26, 2024 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of the retina under acute high intraocular pressure
This study is the first to reveal molecular changes and intercellular interactions in the retina under high intraocular pressure. These data contribute to understanding of the molecular mechanism of retinal injury induced by high intraocular pressure and will benefit the development of novel therapies.PMID:38526288 | DOI:10.4103/1673-5374.389363 (Source: Cell Research)
Source: Cell Research - March 25, 2024 Category: Cytology Authors: Shaojun Wang Siti Tong Xin Jin Na Li Pingxiu Dang Yang Sui Ying Liu Dajiang Wang Source Type: research

Addressing neurodegeneration in glaucoma: Mechanisms, challenges, and treatments
Prog Retin Eye Res. 2024 Mar 23:101261. doi: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2024.101261. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTGlaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness globally. The disease causes vision loss due to neurodegeneration of the retinal ganglion cell (RGC) projection to the brain through the optic nerve. Glaucoma is associated with sensitivity to intraocular pressure (IOP). Thus, mainstay treatments seek to manage IOP, though many patients continue to lose vision. To address neurodegeneration directly, numerous preclinical studies seek to develop protective or reparative therapies that act independently of IOP. Th...
Source: Cell Research - March 25, 2024 Category: Cytology Authors: Ghazi O Bou Ghanem Lauren K Wareham David J Calkins Source Type: research

Viral Anterior Uveitis: Differences in Retinal Vessel Area Density between the Affected and Non-Affected Eye Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography
CONCLUSION: We observed vascular dysfunction characterized by decreased macular and peripapillary VAD in the superficial plexus on OCTA in eyes with HSV- and VZV-positive VAU compared to non-affected fellow eyes. These changes might be an early sign of glaucomatous damage or may be a direct consequence of the herpes viruses themselves.PMID:38517389 | DOI:10.1080/09273948.2024.2329318 (Source: Ocular Immunology and Inflammation)
Source: Ocular Immunology and Inflammation - March 22, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Anna-Karina B Maier Daniel Mandrossa Emanuel Reitemeyer Sibylle Winterhalter Anne R übsam Uwe Pleyer Source Type: research

Apoptosis in glaucoma: A new direction for the treatment of glaucoma (Review)
Mol Med Rep. 2024 May;29(5):82. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2024.13207. Epub 2024 Mar 22.ABSTRACTGlaucoma is a group of progressive optic nerve disorders characterized by the loss of retinal ganglion cells, a thinner retinal nerve fibre layer and cupping of the optic disk. Apoptosis is a physiological cell death process regulated by genes and plays a crucial role in maintaining tissue homeostasis, ensuring the natural development and immune defence of organisms. Apoptosis has been associated with glaucoma and inhibiting apoptosis by activating phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase‑protein kinase B or other medicines can rescue pathological...
Source: Molecular Medicine Reports - March 22, 2024 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Qiongrong Xia Dingding Zhang Source Type: research

Apoptosis in glaucoma: A new direction for the treatment of glaucoma (Review)
Mol Med Rep. 2024 May;29(5):82. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2024.13207. Epub 2024 Mar 22.ABSTRACTGlaucoma is a group of progressive optic nerve disorders characterized by the loss of retinal ganglion cells, a thinner retinal nerve fibre layer and cupping of the optic disk. Apoptosis is a physiological cell death process regulated by genes and plays a crucial role in maintaining tissue homeostasis, ensuring the natural development and immune defence of organisms. Apoptosis has been associated with glaucoma and inhibiting apoptosis by activating phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase‑protein kinase B or other medicines can rescue pathological...
Source: Molecular Medicine - March 22, 2024 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Qiongrong Xia Dingding Zhang Source Type: research

The Effectiveness of Low-dose Esmketamine Versus Remifentanil Adjunct to Propofol for Sedation in Patients Undergoing Radiofrequency Thermocoagulation for Trigeminal Neuralgia
CONCLUSIONS: Low-dose esketamine reduces the total amount of propofol necessary for sedation and incidence of respiratory depression during RFT of gasserian ganglion in American Society of Anesthesiologists I to III patients without affecting recovery time, satisfaction of surgeons and patients, cardiovascular adverse events, when compared with remifentanil.PMID:38518157 (Source: Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine)
Source: Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine - March 22, 2024 Category: Complementary Medicine Authors: An Xie Jia Han Feng Ju Yukai Zhou Dan Wu Xianjie Zhang Source Type: research

Viral Anterior Uveitis: Differences in Retinal Vessel Area Density between the Affected and Non-Affected Eye Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography
CONCLUSION: We observed vascular dysfunction characterized by decreased macular and peripapillary VAD in the superficial plexus on OCTA in eyes with HSV- and VZV-positive VAU compared to non-affected fellow eyes. These changes might be an early sign of glaucomatous damage or may be a direct consequence of the herpes viruses themselves.PMID:38517389 | DOI:10.1080/09273948.2024.2329318 (Source: Herpes)
Source: Herpes - March 22, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Anna-Karina B Maier Daniel Mandrossa Emanuel Reitemeyer Sibylle Winterhalter Anne R übsam Uwe Pleyer Source Type: research

Viral Anterior Uveitis: Differences in Retinal Vessel Area Density between the Affected and Non-Affected Eye Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography
CONCLUSION: We observed vascular dysfunction characterized by decreased macular and peripapillary VAD in the superficial plexus on OCTA in eyes with HSV- and VZV-positive VAU compared to non-affected fellow eyes. These changes might be an early sign of glaucomatous damage or may be a direct consequence of the herpes viruses themselves.PMID:38517389 | DOI:10.1080/09273948.2024.2329318 (Source: Ocular Immunology and Inflammation)
Source: Ocular Immunology and Inflammation - March 22, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Anna-Karina B Maier Daniel Mandrossa Emanuel Reitemeyer Sibylle Winterhalter Anne R übsam Uwe Pleyer Source Type: research