Lgl reduces endosomal vesicle acidification and Notch signaling by promoting the interaction between Vap33 and the V-ATPase complex
Epithelial cell polarity is linked to the control of tissue growth and tumorigenesis. The tumor suppressor and cell polarity protein lethal-2-giant larvae (Lgl) promotes Hippo signaling and inhibits Notch signaling to restrict tissue growth in Drosophila melanogaster. Notch signaling is greater in lgl mutant tissue than in wild-type tissue because of increased acidification of endosomal vesicles, which promotes the proteolytic processing and activation of Notch by -secretase. We showed that the increased Notch signaling and tissue growth defects of lgl mutant tissue depended on endosomal vesicle acidification mediated by t...
Source: Signal Transduction Knowledge Environment - June 5, 2018 Category: Science Authors: Portela, M., Yang, L., Paul, S., Li, X., Veraksa, A., Parsons, L. M., Richardson, H. E. Tags: STKE Research Articles Source Type: news
Researchers uncover cell types of the human breast epithelium
(University of California - Irvine) Researchers from the University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, in collaboration with scientists at UCSF and Northwestern University, have profiled human breast epithelial cells, identifying three new distinct epithelial cell populations. The discovery of these cell populations could aid in understanding the origins of breast cancer and lead to improved early cancer detection, a slowing of cancer progression and possibly even cancer prevention. (Source: EurekAlert! - Biology)
Source: EurekAlert! - Biology - May 31, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: news
Secondary Surgery Associated With Improved Survival in Ovarian Cancer
A secondary cytoreductive surgery along with chemotherapy following recurrence in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer offered improved outcomes over treatment with chemotherapy alone. (Source: CancerNetwork)
Source: CancerNetwork - May 24, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Dave Levitan Tags: Gynecologic Cancers SiteTerms/www.cannabissciencetech.com/News Ovarian Cancer Source Type: news
Study examines treatment options for women with recurrent ovarian cancer
(Wiley) New research indicates that for women with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer whose cancer has relapsed after surgery, a second surgery is worth considering. (Source: EurekAlert! - Cancer)
Source: EurekAlert! - Cancer - May 23, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: news
Integration of protein phosphorylation, acetylation, and methylation data sets to outline lung cancer signaling networks
Protein posttranslational modifications (PTMs) have typically been studied independently, yet many proteins are modified by more than one PTM type, and cell signaling pathways somehow integrate this information. We coupled immunoprecipitation using PTM-specific antibodies with tandem mass tag (TMT) mass spectrometry to simultaneously examine phosphorylation, methylation, and acetylation in 45 lung cancer cell lines compared to normal lung tissue and to cell lines treated with anticancer drugs. This simultaneous, large-scale, integrative analysis of these PTMs using a cluster-filtered network (CFN) approach revealed that ce...
Source: Signal Transduction Knowledge Environment - May 22, 2018 Category: Science Authors: Grimes, M., Hall, B., Foltz, L., Levy, T., Rikova, K., Gaiser, J., Cook, W., Smirnova, E., Wheeler, T., Clark, N. R., Lachmann, A., Zhang, B., Hornbeck, P., Maayan, A., Comb, M. Tags: STKE Research Resources Source Type: news
Scientific expert reaction to new Cochrane Review on HPV vaccine for cervical cancer prevention in girls and women
This study looks at a collection of studies looking at the benefit of HPV vaccines in reducing pre cervical cancer lesions. HPV also causes many other serious cancers (especially head and neck). In time, as more people have been vaccinated, we will see a reduction in all HPV cancers. The HP V vaccine is one of a number of vaccines using virus like particles (VLPS) which have been shown to be very safe over the last 35 years. “The Cochrane library of reviews has a very rigorous assessment process of all their reviews. “The review only looked at cervical precancer (in women and girls), and does not make any comme...
Source: Cochrane News and Events - May 8, 2018 Category: Information Technology Authors: Muriah Umoquit Source Type: news
FDA Approves Rucaparib for Recurrent Ovarian Cancer Maintenance Therapy
The FDA has granted approval of rucaparib for maintenance therapy in patients with recurrent epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer. (Source: CancerNetwork)
Source: CancerNetwork - April 11, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Dave Levitan Tags: Gynecologic Cancers SiteTerms/www.cannabissciencetech.com/News Ovarian Cancer Source Type: news
Clovis Oncology ovarian cancer drug receives fast-tracked FDA approval
Clovis Oncology won the fast-tracked verdict it hoped for on Friday when the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved marketing the company's ovarian cancer drug rucaparib to an expanded range of patients.
The FDA approved the Boulder-based company (Nasdaq: CLVS) selling rucaparib as a maintenance treatment in women “with recurrent epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer who are platinum sensitive” and regardless of their genetic profile.
That means more women with… (Source: bizjournals.com Health Care:Biotechnology headlines)
Source: bizjournals.com Health Care:Biotechnology headlines - April 6, 2018 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Greg Avery Source Type: news
Clovis Oncology ovarian cancer drug receives fast-tracked FDA approval
Clovis Oncology won the fast-tracked verdict it hoped for on Friday when the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved marketing the company's ovarian cancer drug rucaparib to treat a broader range of patients.
The FDA approved the Boulder-based company (Nasdaq: CLVS) selling rucaparib as a maintenance treatment in women “with recurrent epithelial ovarian, fallopian tu be, or primary peritoneal cancer who are platinum sensitive” and regardless of their genetic profile.
The FDA completed its… (Source: bizjournals.com Health Care:Physician Practices headlines)
Source: bizjournals.com Health Care:Physician Practices headlines - April 6, 2018 Category: American Health Authors: Greg Avery Source Type: news
The microbiome in cancer immunotherapy: Diagnostic tools and therapeutic strategies
The fine line between human health and disease can be driven by the interplay between host and microbial factors. This "metagenome" regulates cancer initiation, progression, and response to therapies. Besides the capacity of distinct microbial species to modulate the pharmacodynamics of chemotherapeutic drugs, symbiosis between epithelial barriers and their microbial ecosystems has a major impact on the local and distant immune system, markedly influencing clinical outcome in cancer patients. Efficacy of cancer immunotherapy with immune checkpoint antibodies can be diminished with administration of antibiotics, and superio...
Source: ScienceNOW - March 22, 2018 Category: Science Authors: Zitvogel, L., Ma, Y., Raoult, D., Kroemer, G., Gajewski, T. F. Tags: Immunology special/review Source Type: news
Blood Test Could Make Monitoring Mesothelioma Easier
A simple blood test may have the potential to replace the more costly and burdensome CT scan for monitoring post-treatment recurrence and progression of pleural mesothelioma.
Researchers at the University of Bristol in the United Kingdom recently found that the changing levels of the protein mesothelin in blood often mirrored CT scan results in patients who already had completed treatment.
BMC Cancer published results of their study — a first of its kind — which included the long-term monitoring of 41 patients with mesothelioma who had either completed chemotherapy or other supportive care.
“With this study alone, we...
Source: Asbestos and Mesothelioma News - March 8, 2018 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Daniel King Source Type: news
Convergence of Wnt, growth factor, and heterotrimeric G protein signals on the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Daple
Cellular proliferation, differentiation, and morphogenesis are shaped by multiple signaling cascades, and their dysregulation plays an integral role in cancer progression. Three cascades that contribute to oncogenic potential are those mediated by Wnt proteins and the receptor Frizzled (FZD), growth factor receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), and heterotrimeric G proteins and associated GPCRs. Daple is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for the G protein Gαi. Daple also binds to FZD and the Wnt/FZD mediator Dishevelled (Dvl), and it enhances β-catenin–independent Wnt signaling in response to Wnt5a-FZD...
Source: Signal Transduction Knowledge Environment - February 27, 2018 Category: Science Authors: Aznar, N., Ear, J., Dunkel, Y., Sun, N., Satterfield, K., He, F., Kalogriopoulos, N. A., Lopez-Sanchez, I., Ghassemian, M., Sahoo, D., Kufareva, I., Ghosh, P. Tags: STKE Research Articles Source Type: news
New Clinical Trial Focuses on Immunotoxins and Mesothelioma
An exciting new mesothelioma clinical trial will study one approach for improving how well immunotoxin drugs work.
The phase I trial is enrolling peritoneal and pleural mesothelioma patients.
Immunotoxins, which are targeted therapies, attach to and destroy cancer cells. This approach already has shown promise in a small clinical trial.
This new clinical trial will give mesothelioma patients an immunotoxin in combination with another substance to suppress the immune system.
The goal of the National Cancer Institute (NCI) clinical trial is to learn how safe and tolerable the combination of the immunotoxin and immune suppre...
Source: Asbestos and Mesothelioma News - February 26, 2018 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Matt Mauney Source Type: news
Abl and Arg mediate cysteine cathepsin secretion to facilitate melanoma invasion and metastasis
The incidence of melanoma is increasing, particularly in young women, and the disease remains incurable for many because of its aggressive, metastatic nature and its high rate of resistance to conventional, targeted, and immunological agents. Cathepsins are proteases that are critical for melanoma progression and therapeutic resistance. Intracellular cathepsins cleave or degrade proteins that restrict cancer progression, whereas extracellular cathepsins directly cleave the extracellular matrix and activate proinvasive proteases in the tumor microenvironment. Cathepsin secretion is markedly increased in cancer cells. We inv...
Source: Signal Transduction Knowledge Environment - February 20, 2018 Category: Science Authors: Tripathi, R., Fiore, L. S., Richards, D. L., Yang, Y., Liu, J., Wang, C., Plattner, R. Tags: STKE Research Articles Source Type: news
Structural basis for the interaction between the cell polarity proteins Par3 and Par6
Polarity is a fundamental property of most cell types. The Par protein complex is a major driving force in generating asymmetrically localized protein networks and consists of atypical protein kinase C (aPKC), Par3, and Par6. Dysfunction of this complex causes developmental abnormalities and diseases such as cancer. We identified a PDZ domain–binding motif in Par6 that was essential for its interaction with Par3 in vitro and for Par3-mediated membrane localization of Par6 in cultured cells. In fly embryos, we observed that the PDZ domain–binding motif was functionally redundant with the PDZ domain in targeting ...
Source: Signal Transduction Knowledge Environment - February 13, 2018 Category: Science Authors: Renschler, F. A., Bruekner, S. R., Salomon, P. L., Mukherjee, A., Kullmann, L., Schütz-Stoffregen, M. C., Henzler, C., Pawson, T., Krahn, M. P., Wiesner, S. Tags: STKE Research Articles Source Type: news
