FDA D.I.S.C.O.: Niraparib in Ovarian Cancer Transcript
FDA medical oncologists discuss the agency ’s March 2017 approval of niraparib for the maintenance treatment of patients with recurrent epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer who are in complete or partial response to platinum-based chemotherapy. (Source: FDA Center for Drug Evaluation and Research - What's New)
Source: FDA Center for Drug Evaluation and Research - What's New - February 28, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: FDA Source Type: news
MicroRNA regulates process vital to placenta growth in early pregnancy
(University of South Florida (USF Health)) A study by University of South Florida Health (USF Health) researchers discovered how a very large human non-protein coding gene regulates epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) -- a process that contributes to placental implantation during early pregnancy, as well as cancer progression and spread. EMT plays a key role in proper placenta growth, critical to the health of the mother and her growing fetus. The USF Health team showed that robustly activating the chromosome 19 microRNA cluster using CRISPR technology inhibited EMT. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)
Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health - February 25, 2020 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: news
Duke Completes Largest Study of Mesothelioma in Women
This study of women included 275 cases of pleural mesothelioma and 79 cases of peritoneal. Papillary mesothelioma and localized mesothelioma cases were excluded.
Previous reports have shown that 22% to 29% of mesothelioma cases involve women, but only 12% in this particular study.
Other Notable Takeaways
The majority of those studied were exposed to asbestos through household contact.
Women who worked in occupations and industries associated with higher asbestos exposure had objective markers of exposure similar to men.
Survival was longer for the epithelial subtype of mesothelioma and magnified with the per...
Source: Asbestos and Mesothelioma News - February 5, 2020 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Matt Mauney Source Type: news
Tumor secreted ANGPTL2 facilitates recruitment of neutrophils to the lung to promote lung pre-metastatic niche formation and targeting ANGPTL2 signaling affects metastatic disease
(Impact Journals LLC) The authors determined that tumor-derived ANGPTL2 stimulates lung epithelial cells, which is essential for primary tumor-induced neutrophil recruitment in lung and subsequent pre-metastatic niche formation. (Source: EurekAlert! - Cancer)
Source: EurekAlert! - Cancer - February 5, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: news
Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin induces claudin-4 to activate YAP in oral squamous cell
(Impact Journals LLC) Oncotarget Volume 11, Issue 4: Treatment of human oral squamous cell carcinoma cell lines HSC3 and HSC4 with Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin, induced CLDN4 nuclear translocation to enhance epithelial-mesenchymal transition, stemness, cell proliferation, and invasive ability. (Source: EurekAlert! - Cancer)
Source: EurekAlert! - Cancer - February 4, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: news
Janssen to Highlight Depth of Solid Tumor Portfolio at ASCO GU
RARITAN, N.J., February 3, 2020 – The Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson announced today multiple data presentations from a robust solid tumor portfolio that will be featured at the American Society of Clinical Oncology Genitourinary (ASCO GU) Cancers Symposium, taking place February 13-15 in San Francisco. Company-sponsored data presentations will include clinical results for ERLEADA® (apalutamide) and niraparib in prostate cancer; and BALVERSA™ (erdafitinib) in bladder cancer. “We are committed to improving outcomes in patients with prostate and bladder cancer where high unmet needs continue...
Source: Johnson and Johnson - February 3, 2020 Category: Pharmaceuticals Tags: Innovation Source Type: news
Weekly Dose-Dense Chemo Not Recommended in First-Line Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Treatment
A study showed that first-line treatment for epithelial ovarian cancer using weekly dose-dense chemotherapy did not improve progression-free survival, compared with 3-weekly chemotherapy, in European women. (Source: CancerNetwork)
Source: CancerNetwork - December 20, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Matthew Fowler Source Type: news
Researchers create accurate model of organ scarring using stem cells in a lab
Every organ in the body is capable, to some extent, of repairing itself after an injury. As part of this process, scar tissue forms and then recedes to make room for normal tissue when healing is complete.However, when healing is disrupted — whether by chronic injury or disease — the cells that make up scar tissue can go rogue, continuously dividing and spreading until the scar eventually strangles the organ it was intended to help heal, which can lead to organ failure.That progressive, out-of-control scarring is called fibrosis, and it can occur in any organ in the body. Fibrosis plays a major role in many diseases an...
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - December 11, 2019 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news
New Cochrane Review assesses different HPV vaccines and vaccine schedules in adolescent girls and boys
New evidence published in the Cochrane Library today provides further information on the benefits and harms of different human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines and vaccine schedules in young women and men.HPV is the most common viral infection of the reproductive tract in both women and men globally (WHO 2017). Most people who have sexual contact will be exposed to HPV at some point in their life. In most people, their own immune system will clear the HPV infection.HPV infection can sometimes persist if the immune system does not clear the virus. Persistent infection with some ‘high-risk’ strains of HPV can lead to the de...
Source: Cochrane News and Events - November 20, 2019 Category: Information Technology Authors: Katie Abbotts Source Type: news
Article proposes important mucin link between microbial infections and many cancers
(University of North Carolina at Charlotte) In a review article, cancer biologists Pinku Mukherjee and Mukulika Bose argue that recent research suggests a mechanism that may implicate bacterial infections as important factors in epithelial cell cancers. The article points to microbial interactions that may alter the glycoprotein known as MUC1, triggering signaling pathways that cause cancer, including cancers of the colon, lungs, stomach, liver and pancreas. (Source: EurekAlert! - Cancer)
Source: EurekAlert! - Cancer - November 18, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: news
Adult fly intestine could help understand intestinal regeneration
Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) are exposed to diverse types of environmental stresses such as bacteria and toxins, but the mechanisms by which epithelial cells sense stress are not well understood. New research by the universities of Bristol, Heidelberg and the German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) have found that Nox-ROS-ASK1-MKK3-p38 signaling in IECs integrates various stresses to facilitate intestinal regeneration. (Source: University of Bristol news)
Source: University of Bristol news - September 25, 2019 Category: Universities & Medical Training Tags: Health, International, Research; Faculty of Life Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Institutes, Institutes, Elizabeth Blackwell; Press Release Source Type: news
Reverse signaling by semaphorin 4C elicits SMAD1/5- and ID1/3-dependent invasive reprogramming in cancer cells
Semaphorins are a family of molecular signals that guide cell migration and are implicated in the regulation of cancer cells. In particular, transmembrane semaphorins are postulated to act as both ligands ("forward" mode) and signaling receptors ("reverse" mode); however, reverse semaphorin signaling in cancer is relatively less understood. Here, we identified a previously unknown function of transmembrane semaphorin 4C (Sema4C), acting in reverse mode, to elicit nonconventional TGF-β/BMP receptor activation and selective SMAD1/5 phosphorylation. Sema4C coimmunoprecipitated with TGFBRII and BMPR1, supporting its role ...
Source: Signal Transduction Knowledge Environment - August 19, 2019 Category: Science Authors: Gurrapu, S., Franzolin, G., Fard, D., Accardo, M., Medico, E., Sarotto, I., Sapino, A., Isella, C., Tamagnone, L. Tags: STKE Research Articles Source Type: news
Mesothelioma Treatment in Toronto Moves from SMART to SMARTER
The Princess Margaret Cancer Center in Toronto has moved from SMART to SMARTER with the recent launch of its latest clinical trial for pleural mesothelioma patients.
SMARTER is the acronym for Surgery for Mesothelioma After Radiation Therapy using Extensive pleural Resection, which also describes the latest clinical trial.
The phase I clinical trial is an unconventional approach to treatment of mesothelioma: Find the maximum tolerated dosage of hypofractionated radiation to stimulate the immune system before aggressive surgery.
It comes on the heels of the SMART protocol, which stands for Surgery for Mesothelioma After Rad...
Source: Asbestos and Mesothelioma News - July 31, 2019 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Walter Pacheco Source Type: news
Galectin-3 initiates epithelial-stromal paracrine signaling to shape the proteolytic microenvironment during corneal repair
Paracrine interactions between epithelial cells and stromal fibroblasts occur during tissue repair, development, and cancer. Crucial to these processes is the production of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) that modify the microenvironment. Here, we demonstrated that the carbohydrate-binding protein galectin-3 stimulated microenvironment remodeling in the cornea by promoting the paracrine action of secreted interleukin-1β (IL-1β). Through live cell imaging in vitro, we observed rapid activation of the MMP9 promoter in clusters of cultured human epithelial cells after direct heterotypic contact with single primary ...
Source: Signal Transduction Knowledge Environment - July 15, 2019 Category: Science Authors: AbuSamra, D. B., Mauris, J., Argüeso, P. Tags: STKE Research Articles Source Type: news
Similarities of small cell cancers to blood cancers could lead to better treatments
An interdisciplinary team of UCLA scientists has found that small cell neuroendocrine cancers from a range of tissues have a common molecular signature and share drug sensitivities with blood cancers. The discoveries could improve the diagnoses of these aggressive cancers and lead to the development of new treatments that build upon the lessons learned from successful blood cancer therapies.The study, led by senior authors Thomas Graeber and Dr. Owen Witte, both of the UCLA Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, waspublished in Cance...
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - July 8, 2019 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news
