Time to care and factors influencing appropriate Sudan Virus Disease care among case patients in Uganda, September to November 2022
Both the case-fatality and the transmission of Ebola Disease (EBOD) can be reduced with early isolation of and appropriate care and treatment for EBOD patients at Ebola Treatment Units (ETUs) [1]. This requires active case finding, monitoring of contacts, and rapid isolation of contacts who become ill, [2,3] as well as strong health-seeking behavior of persons with EBOD symptoms [2,4]. As such, communities must be aware of EBOD-related symptoms, both the early non-specific symptoms as well as the late EBOD-related symptoms. (Source: International Journal of Infectious Diseases)
Source: International Journal of Infectious Diseases - April 24, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Rebecca Akunzirwe, Simone Carter, Brenda N. Simbwa, Mercy W. Wanyana, Sherry R. Ahirirwe, Saudah K. Namubiru, Mackline Ninsiima, Allan Komakech, Alex R. Ario, Daniel Kadobera, Benon Kwesiga, Richard Migisha, Lilian Bulage, Helen N. Naiga, Jane F. Zalwango Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 648: Sosuga Virus Detected in Egyptian Rousette Bats (Rousettus aegyptiacus) in Sierra Leone
ustus Osborne
Emmanuel Saidu
Jonathan A. Musa
Doris F. Bangura
Sammuel M. T. Williams
George M. Fefegula
Christian Sumaila
Juliet Jabaty
Fatmata H. James
Amara Jambai
Kate Garnett
Thomas F. Kamara
Jonathan S. Towner
Aiah Lebbie
Sosuga virus (SOSV), a rare human pathogenic paramyxovirus, was first discovered in 2012 when a person became ill after working in South Sudan and Uganda. During an ecological investigation, several species of bats were sampled and tested for SOSV RNA and only one species, the Egyptian rousette bat (ERBs; Rousettus aegyptiacus), tested positive. Since that time, multipl...
Source: Viruses - April 22, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Brian R. Amman Alusine H. Koroma Amy J. Schuh Immah Conteh Tara K. Sealy Ibrahim Foday Jonathan Johnny Ibrahim A. Bakarr Shannon L. M. Whitmer Emily A. Wright Aiah A. Gbakima James Graziano Camilla Bangura Emmanuel Kamanda Augustus Osborne Emmanuel Saidu Tags: Article Source Type: research
Updates to Disaster Management Strategies for CDC Category A Bioterrorism Agents
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe goal of this paper is to provide current suggestions for a system-based response to a bioterrorism attack and discuss treatment options for CDC category A bioterrorism agents.Recent FindingsVaccines for anthrax andY. pestis are being developed, but they are not rapidly available in the USA. Vaccine distribution methodology for the recent M-pox outbreak was used that the smallpox vaccine could utilize. Two antibody therapies and one vaccine are available for Ebola but not for other viral hemorrhagic fever diseases. Recent health system stressors encountered during the COVID-19 pandemic are likel...
Source: Current Emergency and Hospital Medicine Reports - April 22, 2024 Category: Emergency Medicine Source Type: research
Development of a non-infectious control for viral hemorrhagic fever PCR assays
by Matthew A. Knox, Collette Bromhead, David TS Hayman
Assay validation is an essential component of disease surveillance testing, but can be problematic in settings where access to positive control material is limited and a safety risk for handlers. Here we describe a single non-infectious synthetic control that can help develop and validate the PCR based detection of the viral causes of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, Ebola virus disease, Lassa fever, Marburg virus disease and Rift Valley fever. We designed non-infectious synthetic DNA oligonucleotide sequences incorporating primer binding sites suitable for five assay...
Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases - April 22, 2024 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Matthew A. Knox Source Type: research
GSE262041 RNASeq analysis of CC011, CC074, Trimko, and Trim wt female mice on 3dpi and 6dpi after infection with Ebola virus
Contributors : Alexandra Schaefer ; Nicholas Catanzaro ; Cameron NguyenSeries Type : Expression profiling by high throughput sequencingOrganism : Mus musculusGene expression changes in the liver was studied by RNAseq Results: Strong differences in the liver-specific responses between CC011 and CC074 mice (Source: GEO: Gene Expression Omnibus)
Source: GEO: Gene Expression Omnibus - April 17, 2024 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Tags: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing Mus musculus Source Type: research
Helminth exposure and immune response to the two-dose heterologous Ad26.ZEBOV, MVA-BN-Filo Ebola vaccine regimen
In this study, we aimed to assess the association between helminth exposure to the most prevalent parasitic infections, schistosomiasis, soil transmitted helminths infection and filariasis, and the Ebola virus glycoprotein (EBOV GP) antibody concentration in response to vaccination with the Ad26.ZEBOV, MVA-BN-Filo vaccine regimen in African and European participants using samples obtained from three international clinical trials. Methods/Principal findingsWe conducted a study in a subset of participants in the EBL2001, EBL2002 and EBL3001 clinical trials that evaluated the Ad26.ZEBOV, MVA-BN-Filo vaccine regimen against EV...
Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases - April 11, 2024 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Houreratou Barry Source Type: research
Computational and experimental identification of keystone interactions in Ebola virus matrix protein VP40 dimer formation
This study sheds light on the structural origins of VP40 dimer formation and may inform the design of a small molecule that can disrupt VP40 dimer stability. (Source: Protein Science)
Source: Protein Science - April 9, 2024 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Yogesh Narkhede,
Roopashi Saxena,
Tej Sharma,
Jacob P. Conarty,
Valentina Toro Ramirez,
Balindile B. Motsa,
Souad Amiar,
Sheng Li,
Prem P. Chapagain,
Olaf Wiest,
Robert V. Stahelin Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Ebola-specific therapeutic antibodies from lab to clinic: The example of ZMapp
Antiviral Res. 2024 Apr 3:105873. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2024.105873. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTIn the 1990s, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) progressed from scientific tools to advanced therapeutics, particularly for the treatment of cancers and autoimmune and inflammatory disorders. In the arena of infectious disease, the inauguration of mAbs as a post-exposure treatment in humans against Ebola virus (EBOV) occurred in response to the 2013-2016 West Africa outbreak. This review recounts the history of a candidate mAb treatment, ZMapp, beginning with its emergency use in the 2013-2016 outbreak and advancing to randomiz...
Source: Antiviral Research - April 5, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Gary Wong Kathrina Mae Bienes Ara Xiii Hugues Fausther-Bovendo Gary P Kobinger Source Type: research
Ebola-specific therapeutic antibodies from lab to clinic: The example of ZMapp
Antiviral Res. 2024 Apr 3:105873. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2024.105873. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTIn the 1990s, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) progressed from scientific tools to advanced therapeutics, particularly for the treatment of cancers and autoimmune and inflammatory disorders. In the arena of infectious disease, the inauguration of mAbs as a post-exposure treatment in humans against Ebola virus (EBOV) occurred in response to the 2013-2016 West Africa outbreak. This review recounts the history of a candidate mAb treatment, ZMapp, beginning with its emergency use in the 2013-2016 outbreak and advancing to randomiz...
Source: Antiviral Research - April 5, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Gary Wong Kathrina Mae Bienes Ara Xiii Hugues Fausther-Bovendo Gary P Kobinger Source Type: research
Public health surveillance through community health workers: a scoping review of evidence from 25 low-income and middle-income countries
Conclusion
CHWs are important stakeholders in surveillance because they are closer to communities than other healthcare workers. Further integration and training of CHWs in public health surveillance would improve public health surveillance because CHWs can provide health data on ‘hard-to-reach’ populations. CHWs’ work in public health surveillance would also be greatly enhanced by infrastructural investments. (Source: BMJ Open)
Source: BMJ Open - April 5, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Alhassan, J. A. K., Wills, O. Tags: Open access, Global health Source Type: research
Perceptions, attitudes, and willingness of healthcare and frontline workers to participate in an Ebola vaccine trial in Uganda
CONCLUSIONS: Overall, information sharing leads to a better understanding and acceptance of vaccine trials and a positive vaccination experience can be a deciding factor in the acceptance of others. Particular attention should be paid to involving the community in addressing misconceptions and fears, while ensuring that participants have access to vaccination sites in terms of transport, and that they are properly accommodated at the study site including staying for a reasonable period of time.PMID:38565464 | DOI:10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.03.053 (Source: Vaccine)
Source: Vaccine - April 2, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Geofrey Kimbugwe Renaud Vatrinet Juliet A Mwanga Ronald Kakuru Doreen Mpeirwe Suzan Logoose Kimton Opio Mateus Kambale Janet Seeley Rebecca F Grais Caroline Marquer Pontiano Kaleebu Agnes Ssali Source Type: research
Perceptions, attitudes, and willingness of healthcare and frontline workers to participate in an Ebola vaccine trial in Uganda
CONCLUSIONS: Overall, information sharing leads to a better understanding and acceptance of vaccine trials and a positive vaccination experience can be a deciding factor in the acceptance of others. Particular attention should be paid to involving the community in addressing misconceptions and fears, while ensuring that participants have access to vaccination sites in terms of transport, and that they are properly accommodated at the study site including staying for a reasonable period of time.PMID:38565464 | DOI:10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.03.053 (Source: Vaccine)
Source: Vaccine - April 2, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Geofrey Kimbugwe Renaud Vatrinet Juliet A Mwanga Ronald Kakuru Doreen Mpeirwe Suzan Logoose Kimton Opio Mateus Kambale Janet Seeley Rebecca F Grais Caroline Marquer Pontiano Kaleebu Agnes Ssali Source Type: research
Scalable gradients enable Hamiltonian Monte Carlo sampling for phylodynamic inference under episodic birth-death-sampling models
We present here a linear-time algorithm to compute the gradient of the birth-death model sampling density with respect to all time-varying parameters, and we implement this algorithm within a gradient-based Hamiltonian Monte Carlo (HMC) sampler to alleviate the computational burden of conducting inference under a wide variety of structures of, as well as priors for, EBDS processes. We assess this approach using three different real world data examples, including the HIV epidemic in Odesa, Ukraine, seasonal influenza A/H3N2 virus dynamics in New York state, America, and Ebola outbreak in West Africa. HMC sampling exhibits a...
Source: PLoS Computational Biology - March 29, 2024 Category: Biology Authors: Yucai Shao Source Type: research
Effects of Shock and Vibration on Product Quality during Last-Mile Transportation of Ebola Vaccine under Refrigerated Conditions < sup > 1 < /sup >
Emerg Infect Dis. 2024 Apr;30(4):757-760. doi: 10.3201/eid3004.231060.ABSTRACTAnalyzing vaccine stability under different storage and transportation conditions is critical to ensure that effectiveness and safety are not affected by distribution. In a simulation of the last mile in the supply chain, we found that shock and vibration had no effect on Ad26.ZEBOV/MVA-BN-Filo Ebola vaccine regimen quality under refrigerated conditions.PMID:38526137 | DOI:10.3201/eid3004.231060 (Source: Emerging Infectious Diseases)
Source: Emerging Infectious Diseases - March 25, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Linda Bus-Jacobs Rute Lau Marjolein Soethoudt Lisa Gebbia Edwin Janssens Tjeerd Hermans Source Type: research
Geographic Disparities in Domestic Pig Population Exposure to Ebola Viruses, Guinea, 2017-2019
Emerg Infect Dis. 2024 Apr;30(4):681-690. doi: 10.3201/eid3004.231034.ABSTRACTAlthough pigs are naturally susceptible to Reston virus and experimentally to Ebola virus (EBOV), their role in Orthoebolavirus ecology remains unknown. We tested 888 serum samples collected from pigs in Guinea during 2017-2019 (between the 2013-16 epidemic and its resurgence in 2021) by indirect ELISA against the EBOV nucleoprotein. We identified 2 hotspots of possible pig exposure by IgG titer levels: the northern coast had 48.7% of positive serum samples (37/76), and Forest Guinea, bordering Sierra Leone and Liberia, where the virus emerged an...
Source: Emerging Infectious Diseases - March 25, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Sol ène Grayo Alimou Camara Bakary Doukour é Isabelle Ellis C écile Troupin Kerstin Fischer Jessica Vanhomwegen Michael White Martin H Groschup Sandra Diederich No ël Tordo Source Type: research
