Single- and Multiple-Dose Pharmacokinetics of Gefapixant (MK-7264), a P2X3 Receptor Antagonist, in Healthy Adults
J Clin Pharmacol. 2024 Apr 23. doi: 10.1002/jcph.2442. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTGefapixant (MK-7264, RO4926219, AF-219) is a first-in-class P2X3 antagonists being developed to treat refractory or unexplained chronic cough. The initial single- and multiple-dose safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of gefapixant at doses ranging from 7.5 to 1800 mg were assessed in four clinical trials. Following single-dose administration of 10-450 mg, the pharmacokinetic (PK) profile of gefapixant in plasma and urine demonstrated low inter-subject variability and a dose-proportional exposure. Following administration of multiple...
Source: The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology - April 23, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Jesse C Nussbaum Azher Hussain Peter Butera Anthony P Ford Michael M Kitt Edward A O'Neill Steven Smith Gabriel Vargas Terry O'Reilly Chris Wynne S Aubrey Stoch Marian Iwamoto Source Type: research
Rasch validation of the short form (8 item) PC-QoL questionnaire and applicability of use as a health state classification system for a new preference-based measure
This study included PC-QoL 8-item responses of 653 parents participating in a prospective cohort study about paediatric chronic cough. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and Rasch analysis were used to examine dimensionality and select potential items and level structure.ResultsEFA indicated that the PC-QoL had one underlying domain. Rasch analysis indicated threshold disordering in all items which improved when items were collapsed from seven to four levels. Two demonstrated differential item functioning (DIF) by diagnosis or ethnicity and were excluded from the final scale. This scale satisfied Rasch assumptions of local ...
Source: Quality of Life Research - April 23, 2024 Category: Health Management Source Type: research
Molecular epidemiological and clinical infection characteristics analysis of Ralstonia
ConclusionWe established a sequence typing system with a relatively fine resolution and the PCR assay is a faster and more sensitive method for clinical identification ofRalstonia pickettii. ST9 is the most common sequence types ofRalstonia pickettii. The most common clinical characteristics ofRalstonia pickettii infected patients were cough, sputum, shortness of breath and pulmonary rales. (Source: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases)
Source: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases - April 19, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
50% efficacy dose of intravenous lidocaine in supressing sufentanil-induced cough in children: a randomised controlled trial
Opioids such as sufentanil are used as anaesthetics due to their rapid action and superior analgesic effect. However, sufentanil induces a huge cough in paediatric patients. In contrast, intravenous (IV) lidoc... (Source: BMC Anesthesiology)
Source: BMC Anesthesiology - April 19, 2024 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Yang Hu, Ming-cheng Du, Guo-hong Zhu, Xiang Long, Jing-jing Jiang and Yuan Gong Tags: Research Source Type: research
Profile of Patients with Maxillofacial Space Infections and Associated Risk Factors
CONCLUSION: Our study showed that the age of the patient and evidence of bacterial culture were potential predictors of prolonged hospital stay among patients operated for maxillofacial space infections.PMID:38633105 | PMC:PMC11022519 | DOI:10.1155/2024/9304671 (Source: The Scientific World Journal)
Source: The Scientific World Journal - April 18, 2024 Category: Science Authors: Srikanth Gadicherla Kirti Manglani Kalyana C Pentapati Adarsh Kudva Chithra Aramanadka Rajaji Chandravel Source Type: research
Acoustic biomarkers in asthma: a systematic review
CONCLUSIONS: This systematic review establishes the promising role of acoustic biomarkers, particularly cough and wheeze, in supporting the diagnosis of asthma and monitoring. The evidence suggests the potential for clinical integration of acoustic biomarkers, emphasizing the need for further validation in larger, clinically-diverse populations.PMID:38634718 | DOI:10.1080/02770903.2024.2344156 (Source: Journal of Asthma)
Source: Journal of Asthma - April 18, 2024 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Karolina Wieczorek Sachin Ananth Diana Valazquez-Pimentel Source Type: research
Clinical utilization of airway inflammatory biomarkers in the prediction and monitoring of clinical outcomes in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Expert Rev Mol Diagn. 2024 Apr 18. doi: 10.1080/14737159.2024.2344777. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTINTRODUCTION: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) accounts for 545 million people living with chronic respiratory disorders and is the third leading cause of morbidity and mortality around the world. COPD is a progressive disease, characterized by episodes of acute worsening of symptoms such as cough, dyspnea, and sputum production.AREAS COVERED: Airway inflammation is a prominent feature of COPD. Chronic airway inflammation results in airway structural remodeling and emphysema. Persistent airway inflammation is a ...
Source: Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics - April 18, 2024 Category: Laboratory Medicine Authors: Dina Yehia Clarus Leung Don D Sin Source Type: research
Bronchiectasis not due to cystic fibrosis
Med Clin (Barc). 2024 Apr 17:S0025-7753(24)00145-3. doi: 10.1016/j.medcli.2024.01.023. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTBronchiectasis is a clinical-radiological condition composed of irreversible bronchial dilation due to inflammation and infection of the airways, which causes respiratory symptoms, usually productive cough and infectious exacerbations. Bronchiectasis can have multiple causes, both pulmonary and extrapulmonary, and its clinical presentation is very heterogenous. Its prevalence is unknown, although up to 35-50% of severe COPD and 25% of severe asthma present them, so their underdiagnosis is evident. Chronic ba...
Source: Medicina Clinica - April 18, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Rosa Gir ón Rafael Golpe Miguel Ángel Martínez-García Source Type: research
Sputum colour as a simplified effective biomarker for clinical assessment of bronchiectasis
Extract
Bronchiectasis is a structural lung disease characterised by chronic airway inflammation due to various aetiologies, with a vicious circle of recurrent infections, chronic inflammation, impaired mucociliary clearance and structural damage that collectively result in clinical progression [1]. The most prominent clinical manifestations of bronchiectasis are chronic cough and mucopurulent sputum production, the consequence of airway mucus hypersecretion and heightened inflammatory responses which could predispose to irreversible airway destruction [2, 3]. Amid this vicious circle of bronchiectasis pathogenesis is chro...
Source: European Respiratory Journal - April 18, 2024 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Tang, R.-d., Yue, J.-q., Guan, W.-j. Tags: Editorials Source Type: research
Early life exposure to pollens and increased risks of childhood asthma: a prospective cohort study in Ontario children
Extract
Asthma is a disease characterised by wheeze, cough and shortness of breath, and constitutes the most prevalent chronic disease among children [1]. Various phenotypes have been specifically identified in the paediatric population, and include early transient wheeze, current wheeze/asthma, and mild or moderate asthma [2]. Lifestyle behaviours, genetics, maternal and paternal factors, and environment exposures have been identified as risk factors in the multifactorial aetiology of childhood asthma [3]. (Source: European Respiratory Journal)
Source: European Respiratory Journal - April 18, 2024 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Stanescu, C., Talarico, R., Weichenthal, S., Villeneuve, P. J., Smargiassi, A., Stieb, D. M., To, T., Hebbern, C., Crighton, E., Lavigne, E. Tags: Research Letters Source Type: research
Efficacy of early administration of sacubitril/valsartan after coronary artery revascularization in patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated by moderate-to-severe mitral regurgitation: a randomized controlled trial
AbstractEffects of angiotensin receptor/neprilysin inhibitors (ARNI) on ventricular remodeling in patients with heart failure, especially heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), are better than those of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI). Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) complicated by mitral regurgitation exacerbates ventricular remodeling and increases the risk of heart failure. There is limited evidence on the effects of early administration of ARNI in patients with AMI complicated by mitral regurgitation. The aim of this trial was to examine the effectiveness and the safety of early administ...
Source: Heart and Vessels - April 18, 2024 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Positive effect of deep diaphragmatic breathing training on gastroesophageal reflux-induced chronic cough: a clinical randomized controlled study
To explore the efficacy of deep diaphragmatic breathing training (DEP) in patients with gastroesophageal reflux-induced chronic cough (GERC). (Source: Respiratory Research)
Source: Respiratory Research - April 18, 2024 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Shanshan Niu, Tongyangzi Zhang, Wanzhen Li, Siwan Wen, Lei Dong, Shengyuan Wang, Wenbo Shi, Cuiqin Shi, Yuqin Shen, Qianchun Huang, Yaling Tan, Xianghuai Xu and Li Yu Tags: Research Source Type: research
Hepatopulmonary syndrome: Case report of the evidence of intrapulmonary shunt on < sup > 99m < /sup > Tc-MAA scintigraphy and contrast transthoracic echocardiography
We report a 57-year-old woman with a history of liver cirrhosis presented with progressive cyanosis, exertional dyspnea and a dry cough. Oxyhemoglobin saturation was 88.5% on room air. Contrast transthoracic echocardiography (cTTE) and technetium-99m-macroaggregated albumin (99mTc-MAA) scintigraphy showed an intrapulmonary shunting and confirmed HPS.PMID:38629817 | DOI:10.1967/s002449912704 (Source: Hellenic Journal of Nuclear Medicine)
Source: Hellenic Journal of Nuclear Medicine - April 17, 2024 Category: Nuclear Medicine Authors: Pingping Zhou Jun Yang Source Type: research
