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Advances in discovery of novel investigational agents for functional cure of chronic hepatitis B: A comprehensive review of phases II and III therapeutic agents
World J Hepatol. 2024 Mar 27;16(3):331-343. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v16.i3.331.ABSTRACTChronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection affects over 295 million people globally and an estimated 1.6 million people in the United States. It is associated with significant morbidity and mortality due to cirrhosis, liver failure, and liver cancer. Antiviral therapy with oral nucleos(t)ide analogues is associated with high rates of virologic suppression, which in turn has been associated with a decreased risk of liver complications. However, current antiviral regimens are limited by concerns with adverse effects, adherence, resistance, long-te...
Source: World Journal of Hepatology - April 5, 2024 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Robert Lam Joseph K Lim Source Type: research

Palliative long-term abdominal drains < em > vs < /em > large volume paracenteses for the management of refractory ascites in end-stage liver disease
CONCLUSION: The use of LTAD in the management of refractory ascites in palliated end-stage liver disease is effective, safe, and may reduce hospital admissions and utilisation of healthcare resources compared to LVP.PMID:38577536 | PMC:PMC10989306 | DOI:10.4254/wjh.v16.i3.428 (Source: World Journal of Hepatology)
Source: World Journal of Hepatology - April 5, 2024 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Senamjit Kaur Rodrigo V Motta Bryony Chapman Victoria Wharton Jane D Collier Francesca Saffioti Source Type: research

Retrospective study of the incidence, risk factors, treatment outcomes of bacterial infections at uncommon sites in cirrhotic patients
CONCLUSION: Atypical BIs in cirrhosis patients exhibit a distinct spectrum and are associated with more advanced stages of the disease. Hence, the work-up of cirrhosis patients with suspected BI requires detailed work-up to elucidate whether typical BI can be identified.PMID:38577541 | PMC:PMC10989312 | DOI:10.4254/wjh.v16.i3.418 (Source: World Journal of Hepatology)
Source: World Journal of Hepatology - April 5, 2024 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Sophie Schneitler Christina Schneider Markus Casper Frank Lammert Marcin Krawczyk S ören L Becker Matthias Christian Reichert Source Type: research

Prognostic value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in end-stage liver disease: A meta-analysis
CONCLUSION: Increased NLR in patients with ESLD is associated with a higher risk of mortality, particularly in Asian patients. NLR is a useful prognostic biomarker in patients with ESLD.PMID:38577540 | PMC:PMC10989309 | DOI:10.4254/wjh.v16.i3.477 (Source: World Journal of Hepatology)
Source: World Journal of Hepatology - April 5, 2024 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Xiang-Hao Cai Yun-Ming Tang Shu-Ru Chen Jia-Hui Pang Yu-Tian Chong Hong Cao Xin-Hua Li Source Type: research

Outcome of individuals with alcoholic cirrhosis hospitalized with first decompensation and their predictors
CONCLUSIONS: There is significant heterogeneity in the type of decompensation in individuals with alcoholic cirrhosis. We observed significantly high mortality rate among alcoholic participants hospitalized with initial decompensation; deaths occurring in more than one-third of study participants within 90 days.PMID:38577860 | DOI:10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_1690_22 (Source: Indian J Med Res)
Source: Indian J Med Res - April 5, 2024 Category: Research Authors: Suprabhat Giri Sushrut Ingawale Sidharth Harindanath Mohit Jain Pranav Garg Harish Darak Sanjay Kumar Aditya Kale Akash Shukla Source Type: research

Lean body mass index is a marker of advanced tumor features in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
CONCLUSION: Lean patients with cirrhosis and HCC present with larger tumors and are more often outside Milan criteria, reflecting cancer related cachexia from delayed diagnosis. Access to care for hepatitis C virus therapy and liver transplantation confer a survival benefit, but not overweight or obese BMI classifications.PMID:38577534 | PMC:PMC10989303 | DOI:10.4254/wjh.v16.i3.393 (Source: World Journal of Hepatology)
Source: World Journal of Hepatology - April 5, 2024 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Andrew Scott deLemos Jing Zhao Milin Patel Banks Kooken Karan Mathur Hieu Minh Nguyen Areej Mazhar Maggie McCarter Heather Burney Carla Kettler Naga Chalasani Samer Gawrieh Source Type: research

Outcome of individuals with alcoholic cirrhosis hospitalized with first decompensation and their predictors
CONCLUSIONS: There is significant heterogeneity in the type of decompensation in individuals with alcoholic cirrhosis. We observed significantly high mortality rate among alcoholic participants hospitalized with initial decompensation; deaths occurring in more than one-third of study participants within 90 days.PMID:38577860 | DOI:10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_1690_22 (Source: The Indian Journal of Medical Research)
Source: The Indian Journal of Medical Research - April 5, 2024 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Suprabhat Giri Sushrut Ingawale Sidharth Harindanath Mohit Jain Pranav Garg Harish Darak Sanjay Kumar Aditya Kale Akash Shukla Source Type: research

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and risk of major adverse liver outcomes in patients with chronic liver disease and type 2 diabetes
Conclusion In patients with chronic liver disease and type 2 diabetes who adhered to therapy over time, GLP1 agonists may result in lower risk of MALO. This suggests that GLP1 agonists are promising agents to reduce risk of chronic liver disease progression in patients with concurrent type 2 diabetes, although this needs to be corroborated in randomised trials. (Source: Gut)
Source: Gut - April 5, 2024 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Wester, A., Shang, Y., Toresson Grip, E., Matthews, A. A., Hagström, H. Tags: Open access, Gut Hepatology Source Type: research

Histone methyltransferase Suv39h1 regulates hepatic stellate cell activation and is targetable in liver fibrosis
Conclusions Our data demonstrate a previously unrecognised role for Suv39h1 in liver fibrosis and offer proof-of-concept of its targetability in the intervention of cirrhosis. (Source: Gut)
Source: Gut - April 5, 2024 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Kong, M., Zhou, J., Kang, A., Kuai, Y., Xu, H., Li, M., Miao, X., Guo, Y., Fan, Z., Xu, Y., Li, Z. Tags: Gut Hepatology Source Type: research

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists to treat chronic liver disease: real-world evidence or ambiguity?
Chronic liver diseases are prevalent, particularly among patients with type 2 diabetes, who have a higher incidence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and are subject to other liver diseases.1 With no pharmacotherapy for these liver conditions, recent attention was given to glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP1a) for their effectiveness in treating type 2 diabetes and obesity and in reducing liver enzyme levels and liver fat levels.2 A 72-week, phase II, placebo-controlled randomised trial in patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and liver fibrosis found that the GLP1...
Source: Gut - April 5, 2024 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Suissa, S., Hernaez, R. Tags: Gut Commentary Source Type: research