Rearrangement bursts generate canonical gene fusions in bone and soft tissue tumors
Sarcomas are cancers of the bone and soft tissue often defined by gene fusions. Ewing sarcoma involves fusions between EWSR1, a gene encoding an RNA binding protein, and E26 transformation-specific (ETS) transcription factors. We explored how and when EWSR1-ETS fusions arise by studying the whole genomes of Ewing sarcomas. In 52 of 124 (42%) of tumors, the fusion gene arises by a sudden burst of complex, loop-like rearrangements, a process called chromoplexy, rather than by simple reciprocal translocations. These loops always contained the disease-defining fusion at the center, but they disrupted multiple additional genes....
Source: ScienceNOW - August 30, 2018 Category: Science Authors: Anderson, N. D., de Borja, R., Young, M. D., Fuligni, F., Rosic, A., Roberts, N. D., Hajjar, S., Layeghifard, M., Novokmet, A., Kowalski, P. E., Anaka, M., Davidson, S., Zarrei, M., Id Said, B., Schreiner, L. C., Marchand, R., Sitter, J., Gokgoz, N., Brun Tags: Genetics, Medicine, Diseases, Online Only r-articles Source Type: news
Modern myths about cancer – from ‘chemicals’ in food to wifi
The idea that lifestyle changes have made the disease more common is a gross exaggeration – but increasingly prevalent. We separate fact from fictionCancer is not up there withthe most likely explanations for what caused the mass extinction 66m years ago of the T rex and the triceratops. That said, at leastone species of dinosaur suffered from blood-vessel tumours – anda 1.7m-year-old toe with bone cancer was discovered in 2016 at a South African world heritage site.Cancer may have been more common in ancient times than we will ever know, because fossilisation will have obliterated most evidence of the disease. However...
Source: Guardian Unlimited Science - August 20, 2018 Category: Science Authors: Naomi Elster Tags: Cancer research Health & wellbeing Society Medical research Science Life and style Source Type: news
MGH team defines the mechanisms of action of key genetic abnormality in Ewing sarcoma
(Massachusetts General Hospital) A Massachusetts General Hospital research team has used epigenome editing tools to investigate how the genetic abnormality that drives Ewing sarcoma -- the second most common bone cancer in children and young adults -- unleashes tumor growth. (Source: EurekAlert! - Cancer)
Source: EurekAlert! - Cancer - August 2, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: news
Modeling chemotherapy-induced stress to identify rational combination therapies in the DNA damage response pathway
Cells respond to DNA damage by activating complex signaling networks that decide cell fate, promoting not only DNA damage repair and survival but also cell death. We have developed a multiscale computational model that quantitatively links chemotherapy-induced DNA damage response signaling to cell fate. The computational model was trained and calibrated on extensive data from U2OS osteosarcoma cells, including the cell cycle distribution of the initial cell population, signaling data measured by Western blotting, and cell fate data in response to chemotherapy treatment measured by time-lapse microscopy. The resulting mecha...
Source: Signal Transduction Knowledge Environment - July 24, 2018 Category: Science Authors: Alkan, O., Schoeberl, B., Shah, M., Koshkaryev, A., Heinemann, T., Drummond, D. C., Yaffe, M. B., Raue, A. Tags: STKE Research Articles Source Type: news
Medical News Today: What is osteosarcoma?
Osteosarcoma is a type of bone cancer that often affects the shinbone, thighbone, or upper arm. Doctors are currently unsure of the causes, but genetics may play a role. Treatment includes chemotherapy and surgery. The outlook depends on if and how far cancerous cells have spread. Learn more about osteosarcoma here. (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)
Source: Health News from Medical News Today - July 23, 2018 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Cancer / Oncology Source Type: news
Emma Neagu had her foot fitted backwards after having bone cancer
Emma Neagu, now 14, from Toronto, was diagnosed with a form of bone cancer known as osteosarcoma in 2016. The teen endured nine months of grueling chemotherapy. (Source: the Mail online | Health)
Source: the Mail online | Health - July 23, 2018 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news
Gymnast, 14, chose to have her foot removed and refitted backwards after developing bone cancer
Emma Neagu, now 14, from Toronto, was diagnosed with a form of bone cancer known as osteosarcoma in 2016. The teen endured nine months of grueling chemotherapy. (Source: the Mail online | Health)
Source: the Mail online | Health - July 23, 2018 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news
Products of omega-3 fatty acid metabolism may have anticancer effects, study shows
(University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign) A class of molecules formed when the body metabolizes omega-3 fatty acids could inhibit cancer's growth and spread, University of Illinois researchers report in a new study in mice. In mice with tumors of osteosarcoma - a bone cancer that is notoriously painful and difficult to treat -- endocannabinoids slowed the growth of tumors and blood vessels, inhibited the cancer cells from migrating and caused cancer cell death. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)
Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health - July 13, 2018 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: news
Olathe biotech moves dog cancer treatment closer to market
A Kansas City-area animal health company is ramping up its efforts to take its cancer immunotherapy treatment to market.
Elias Animal Health, a subsidiary of Olathe-based TVAX Biomedical Inc., applied for a conditional licensure of its treatment for dogs with bone cancer through the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Center for Veterinary Biologics.
Elias recently completed preliminary studies of its osteosarcoma treatment and will enroll for a pivotal study as the next step. On Thursday, the… (Source: bizjournals.com Health Care:Physician Practices headlines)
Source: bizjournals.com Health Care:Physician Practices headlines - June 14, 2018 Category: American Health Authors: Elise Reuter Source Type: news
Genetic discovery will help clinicians identify aggressive versus benign bone tumors
(Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute) The first genetic marker for the bone tumor, osteoblastoma, has been discovered by scientists at the Wellcome Sanger Institute and their collaborators. Whole-genome and transcriptome sequencing of human bone tumors revealed that a genetic change that affects the transcription factor, FOS, is a hallmark mutation of osteoblastoma. The results, published in Nature Communications, will help clinicians correctly distinguish benign osteoblastoma tumors from aggressive osteosarcoma tumors and direct the correct treatment. (Source: EurekAlert! - Cancer)
Source: EurekAlert! - Cancer - June 12, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: news
Bone cancer symptoms: Watch out for these less common arthritis-like symptoms
BONE cancer symptoms include aching within the bones, which can be mistaken for arthritis. However, there are also three other symptoms, according to the NHS. (Source: Daily Express - Health)
Source: Daily Express - Health - May 26, 2018 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news
Medical News Today: What could cause bone pain?
People may feel aches or pains in their bones for a variety of reasons. Many people worry when they experience bone pain because it can be a sign of bone cancer. For this reason, prompt diagnosis is essential. Learn more about bone pain symptoms, the signs of cancer, and when to see a doctor. (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)
Source: Health News from Medical News Today - May 17, 2018 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Bones / Orthopedics Source Type: news
Innovative vaccine offers canine cancer patients a shot at a longer, happier life
(University of Pennsylvania) Nicola Mason of the School of Veterinary Medicine is leading a multi-institutional clinical trial evaluating an immunotherapy approach to treat dogs with osteosarcoma, a cancer of the bone. A new $775,000 grant from the Morris Animal Foundation will help her build on her past successes. (Source: EurekAlert! - Cancer)
Source: EurekAlert! - Cancer - May 1, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: news
Girl has leg reattached backwards after cancer surgery
Amelia Eldred who lost her limb to bone cancer has rare procedure which could allow her to dance again. (Source: BBC News | Health | UK Edition)
Source: BBC News | Health | UK Edition - April 25, 2018 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news
New connections: Ewings sarcomas driver is its Achilles heel
Several studies identify drug combinations that target or exploit the EWS-FLI1 fusion protein to kill Ewing’s sarcoma cells. (Source: Signal Transduction Knowledge Environment)
Source: Signal Transduction Knowledge Environment - April 24, 2018 Category: Science Authors: Ferrarelli, L. K. Tags: STKE Editors ' Choice Source Type: news
