Sensors, Vol. 24, Pages 2725: Development and Application of an IoT-Based System for Soil Water Status Monitoring in a Soil Profile
ppola
Soil water content (θ), matric potential (h) and hydraulic conductivity (K) are key parameters for hydrological and environmental processes. Several sensors have been developed for measuring soil θ–h–K relationships. The cost of such commercially available sensors may vary over several orders of magnitude. In recent years, some sensors have been designed in the framework of Internet of Things (i.e., IoT) systems to make remote real-time soil data acquisition more straightforward, enabling low-cost field-scale monitoring at high spatio-temporal scales. In thi...
Source: Sensors - April 25, 2024 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Alessandro Comegna Shawcat Basel Mostafa Hassan Antonio Coppola Tags: Article Source Type: research
Sensors, Vol. 24, Pages 2726: Button-Type Beam Position Monitor Development for Fourth-Generation Synchrotron Light Sources: Numerical Modeling and Test Bench Measurements
ea Passarelli
This paper addresses the design of beam position monitor (BPM) devices suitable for fourth-generation diffraction-limited X-ray storage rings. Detailed investigations of the electromagnetic (EM) phenomena occurring inside the component under various working conditions are carried out by considering different BPM EM models defined by their geometry and materials. Moving from a theoretical characterization of the common round geometry, rhomboidal structures are studied through a careful numerical analysis relying on advanced computer-aided tools. Several critical elements, such as wakefields, pick-up signal...
Source: Sensors - April 25, 2024 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Stefano Cleva Silvano Bassanese Massimiliano Comisso Moussa El Ajjouri Rudi Sergo Christian Morello Andrea Passarelli Tags: Article Source Type: research
Sensors, Vol. 24, Pages 2724: Hardware Acceleration of Digital Pulse Shape Analysis Using FPGAs
d Villamarin
The BC501A sensor is a liquid scintillator frequently used in nuclear physics for detecting fast neutrons. This paper describes a hardware implementation of digital pulse shape analysis (DPSA) for real-time analysis. DPSA is an algorithm that extracts the physically relevant parameters from the detected BC501A signals. The hardware solution is implemented in a MicroTCA system that provides the physical, mechanical, electrical, and cooling support for an AMC board (NAMC-ZYNQ-FMC) with a Xilinx ZYNQ Ultrascale-MP SoC. The Xilinx FPGA programmable logic implements a JESD204B interface to high-speed ADCs. The ...
Source: Sensors - April 25, 2024 Category: Biotechnology Authors: C ésar González Mariano Ruiz Antonio Carpe ño Alejandro Pi ñas Daniel Cano-Ott Julio Plaza Trino Martinez David Villamarin Tags: Article Source Type: research
Precision Genome Editing with CRISPR-Cas9
Methods Mol Biol. 2024;2788:355-372. doi: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3782-1_21.ABSTRACTThe CRISPR/Cas9 system is a revolutionary technology for genome editing that allows for precise and efficient modifications of DNA sequences. The system is composed of two main components, the Cas9 enzyme and a guide RNA (gRNA). The gRNA is designed to specifically target a desired DNA sequence, while the Cas9 enzyme acts as molecular scissors to cut the DNA at that specific location. The cell then repairs the digested DNA, either through nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) or homology-directed repair (HDR), resulting in either indels or precise mo...
Source: Mol Biol Cell - April 24, 2024 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Shahroz Rahman Abdul Rehman Ikram Farrukh Azeem Muhammad Tahir Ul Qamar Tayyaba Shaheen None Mehboob-Ur-Rahman Source Type: research
The role of ion homeostasis in adaptation and tolerance to acetic acid stress in yeasts
FEMS Yeast Res. 2024 Apr 24:foae016. doi: 10.1093/femsyr/foae016. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTMaintenance of asymmetric ion concentrations across cellular membranes is crucial for proper yeast cellular function. Disruptions of these ionic gradients can significantly impact membrane electrochemical potential and the balance of other ions, particularly under stressful conditions such as exposure to acetic acid. This weak acid, ubiquitous to both yeast metabolism and industrial processes, is a major inhibitor of yeast cell growth in industrial settings and a key determinant of host colonization by pathogenic yeast. Acetic a...
Source: Cell Research - April 24, 2024 Category: Cytology Authors: Miguel Antunes Isabel S á-Correia Source Type: research
An overview of the two-component system GarR/GarS role on antibiotic production in Streptomyces coelicolor
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2024 Apr 24;108(1):306. doi: 10.1007/s00253-024-13136-z.ABSTRACTThe Streptomyces genus comprises Gram-positive bacteria known to produce over two-thirds of the antibiotics used in medical practice. The biosynthesis of these secondary metabolites is highly regulated and influenced by a range of nutrients present in the growth medium. In Streptomyces coelicolor, glucose inhibits the production of actinorhodin (ACT) and undecylprodigiosin (RED) by a process known as carbon catabolite repression (CCR). However, the mechanism mediated by this carbon source still needs to be understood. It has been obs...
Source: Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology - April 24, 2024 Category: Microbiology Authors: Rodrigo Cruz-Bautista Augusto Zelarayan-Ag üero Beatriz Ruiz-Villaf án Adelfo Escalante-Lozada Romina Rodr íguez-Sanoja Sergio S ánchez Source Type: research
Explainable AI for CHO cell culture media optimization and prediction of critical quality attribute
This study aims to offer insights that are pertinent to both innovators seeking to establish a complete pipeline for media development and optimization and biosimilar-based manufacturers who strive to demonstrate the analytical and functional biosimilarity of their products to the innovator. KEY POINTS: • Developed a framework for optimizing media components and prediction of CQA. • SHAP enhances global interpretability, aiding informed decision-making. • Fifteen regression models were employed to predict medium combinations.PMID:38656382 | DOI:10.1007/s00253-024-13147-w (Source: Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology)
Source: Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology - April 24, 2024 Category: Microbiology Authors: Neelesh Gangwar Keerthiveena Balraj Anurag S Rathore Source Type: research
'Gel-Stacks' gently confine or reversibly immobilize arrays of single DNA molecules for manipulation and study
Biotechniques. 2024 Apr 24. doi: 10.2144/btn-2023-0123. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTLarge DNA molecules (>20 kb) are difficult analytes prone to breakage during serial manipulations and cannot be 'rescued' as full-length amplicons. Accordingly, to present, modify and analyze arrays of large, single DNA molecules, we created an easily realizable approach offering gentle confinement conditions or immobilization via spermidine condensation for controlled delivery of reagents that support live imaging by epifluorescence microscopy termed 'Gel-Stacks.' Molecules are locally confined between two hydrogel surfaces without co...
Source: BioTechniques - April 24, 2024 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Susana Calle-Caste ñeda Eamon Winden Alejandro Vasquez-Echeverri Matthew Schickling Evelyn Browning Juan Pablo Hernandez Ortiz David C Schwartz Source Type: research
Sensors, Vol. 24, Pages 2723: Improving the Signal-to-Noise Ratio of Axial Displacement Measurements of Microspheres Based on Compound Digital Holography Microscopy Combined with the Reconstruction Centering Method
Jun Xie
Rui Ma
In 3D microsphere tracking, unlike in-plane motion that can be measured directly by a microscope, axial displacements are resolved by optical interference or a diffraction model. As a result, the axial results are affected by the environmental noise. The immunity to environmental noise increases with measurement accuracy and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). In compound digital holography microscopy (CDHM)-based measurements, precise identification of the tracking marker is critical to ensuring measurement precision. The reconstruction centering method (RCM) was proposed to suppress the drawbacks cause...
Source: Sensors - April 24, 2024 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Yanan Zeng Qihang Guo Xiaodong Hu Junsheng Lu Xiaopan Fan Haiyun Wu Xiao Xu Jun Xie Rui Ma Tags: Article Source Type: research
Sensors, Vol. 24, Pages 2722: Design of A Transformer Oil Viscosity, Density, and Dielectric Constant Simultaneous Measurement System Based on A Quartz Tuning Fork
Ding
Transformer oil, crucial for transformer and power system safety, demands effective monitoring. Aiming to address the problems of expensive and bulky equipment, poor real-time performance, and single parameter detection of traditional measurement methods, this study proposes a quartz tuning fork-based simultaneous measurement system for online monitoring of the density, viscosity, and dielectric constant of transformer oil. Based on the Butterworth–Van Dyke quartz tuning fork equivalent circuit model, a working mechanism of transformer oil density, viscosity, and dielectric constant was analyzed, an...
Source: Sensors - April 24, 2024 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Hao Yang Shijie Chen Jiafeng Ding Tags: Article Source Type: research
Sensors, Vol. 24, Pages 2721: A Continuous Non-Invasive Blood Pressure Prediction Method Based on Deep Sparse Residual U-Net Combined with Improved Squeeze and Excitation Skip Connections
This study proposes a novel continuous non-invasive blood pressure prediction model, DSRUnet, based on deep sparse residual U-net combined with improved SE skip connections, which aim to enhance the accuracy of using photoplethysmography (PPG) signals for continuous blood pressure prediction. The model first introduces a sparse residual connection approach for path contraction and expansion, facilitating richer information fusion and feature expansion to better capture subtle variations in the original PPG signals, thereby enhancing the network’s representational capacity and predictive performance and mitiga...
Source: Sensors - April 24, 2024 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Kaixuan Lai Xusheng Wang Congjun Cao Tags: Article Source Type: research
Sensors, Vol. 24, Pages 2719: Signal Processing Using a Circular Sensor Array to Measure the Torsional Angle of a Bolted Joint
This study presents a new approach to determining the preload force of bolted joints. The concept involves measuring the torsional angle without contact. For this purpose, we present a circular magnetic sensor array integrated into the torque wrench. The torsional angle in bolted joints depends on the dimensions of the screw and the materials used and is typically less than four degrees. For this reason, one requirement is a high angular resolution so that a continuous recording of the torsion angle is feasible during the assembly process. This can be achieved using the circular sensor array and adapted signal processing m...
Source: Sensors - April 24, 2024 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Thorben Sch üthe Karl-Ragmar Riemschneider Andreas Meyer-Eschenbach Tags: Article Source Type: research
Sensors, Vol. 24, Pages 2718: Adaptation of Postural Sway in a Standing Position during Tilted Video Viewing Using Virtual Reality: A Comparison between Younger and Older Adults
This study aimed to investigate the effects of wearing virtual reality (VR) with a head-mounted display (HMD) on body sway in younger and older adults. A standing posture with eyes open without an HMD constituted the control condition. Wearing an HMD and viewing a 30°-tilt image and a 60°-tilt image in a resting standing position were the experimental conditions. Measurements were made using a force plate. All conditions were performed three times each and included the X-axis trajectory length (mm), Y-axis trajectory length (mm), total trajectory length (mm), trajectory length per unit time (mm/s), ...
Source: Sensors - April 24, 2024 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Tsubasa Tashiro Noriaki Maeda Takeru Abekura Rami Mizuta Yui Terao Satoshi Arima Satoshi Onoue Yukio Urabe Tags: Article Source Type: research
Sensors, Vol. 24, Pages 2720: A Robust Interacting Multi-Model Multi-Bernoulli Mixture Filter for Maneuvering Multitarget Tracking under Glint Noise
in Su
In practical radar systems, changes in the target aspect toward the radar will result in glint noise disturbances in the measurement data. The glint noise has heavy-tailed characteristics and cannot be perfectly modeled by the Gaussian distribution widely used in conventional tracking algorithms. In this article, we investigate the challenging problem of tracking a time-varying number of maneuvering targets in the context of glint noise with unknown statistics. By assuming a set of models for the possible motion modes of each single-target hypothesis and leveraging the multivariate Laplace distribution to model m...
Source: Sensors - April 24, 2024 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Benru Yu Hong Gu Weimin Su Tags: Article Source Type: research
Genetic diversity of KPC-2-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae complex from aquatic ecosystems
In this study,blaKPC-2-positiveKlebsiella pneumoniae complex strains were isolated from different anthropogenically affected aquatic ecosystems and characterized using phenotypic, molecular, and genomic methods.K. pneumoniae complex strains exhibited multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant profiles, spotlighting the resistance to carbapenems, ceftazidime-avibactam, colistin, and tigecycline, which are recognized as last-line antimicrobial treatment options. Molecular analysis showed the presence of several antimicrobial resistance, virulence, and metal tolerance genes. In-depth analysis showed that theblaKPC-2 g...
Source: World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology - April 24, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
