Viruses, Vol. 13, Pages 2297: Natural History of Aerosol-Induced Ebola Virus Disease in Rhesus Macaques

Viruses, Vol. 13, Pages 2297: Natural History of Aerosol-Induced Ebola Virus Disease in Rhesus Macaques Viruses doi: 10.3390/v13112297 Authors: Isaac Downs Joshua C. Johnson Franco Rossi David Dyer David L. Saunders Nancy A. Twenhafel Heather L. Esham William D. Pratt John Trefry Elizabeth Zumbrun Paul R. Facemire Sara C. Johnston Erin L. Tompkins Nathan K. Jansen Anna Honko Anthony P. Cardile Ebola virus disease (EVD) is a serious global health concern because case fatality rates are approximately 50% due to recent widespread outbreaks in Africa. Well-defined nonhuman primate (NHP) models for different routes of Ebola virus exposure are needed to test the efficacy of candidate countermeasures. In this natural history study, four rhesus macaques were challenged via aerosol with a target titer of 1000 plaque-forming units per milliliter of Ebola virus. The course of disease was split into the following stages for descriptive purposes: subclinical, clinical, and decompensated. During the subclinical stage, high levels of venous partial pressure of carbon dioxide led to respiratory acidemia in three of four of the NHPs, and all developed lymphopenia. During the clinical stage, all animals had fever, viremia, and respiratory alkalosis. The decompensatory stage involved coagulopathy, cytokine storm, and liver and renal injury. These events were followed by hypotension, elevated lactate, metabolic acidemia, shock and mortality similar to histor...
Source: Viruses - Category: Virology Authors: Tags: Article Source Type: research