Viruses, Vol. 13, Pages 2118: Natural Phytochemicals, Luteolin and Isoginkgetin, Inhibit 3C Protease and Infection of FMDV, In Silico and In Vitro

Viruses, Vol. 13, Pages 2118: Natural Phytochemicals, Luteolin and Isoginkgetin, Inhibit 3C Protease and Infection of FMDV, In Silico and In Vitro Viruses doi: 10.3390/v13112118 Authors: Sirin Theerawatanasirikul Nattarat Thangthamniyom Chih-Jung Kuo Ploypailin Semkum Nantawan Phecharat Penpitcha Chankeeree Porntippa Lekcharoensuk Foot-and-mouth-disease virus (FMDV) is a picornavirus that causes a highly contagious disease of cloven-hoofed animals resulting in economic losses worldwide. The 3C protease (3Cpro) is the main protease essential in the picornavirus life cycle, which is an attractive antiviral target. Here, we used computer-aided virtual screening to filter potential anti-FMDV agents from the natural phytochemical compound libraries. The top 23 filtered compounds were examined for anti-FMDV activities by a cell-based assay, two of which possessed antiviral effects. In the viral and post-viral entry experiments, luteolin and isoginkgetin could significantly block FMDV growth with low 50% effective concentrations (EC50). Moreover, these flavonoids could reduce the viral load as determined by RT-qPCR. However, their prophylactic activities were less effective. Both the cell-based and the fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based protease assays confirmed that isoginkgetin was a potent FMDV 3Cpro inhibitor with a 50% inhibition concentration (IC50) of 39.03 ± 0.05 and 65.3 ± 1.7 μM, respectively, whereas luteolin was less effective. Ana...
Source: Viruses - Category: Virology Authors: Tags: Article Source Type: research