Molecules, Vol. 26, Pages 6294: Lipid A-Mediated Bacterial –Host Chemical Ecology: Synthetic Research of Bacterial Lipid As and Their Development as Adjuvants
Molecules, Vol. 26, Pages 6294: Lipid A-Mediated Bacterial–Host Chemical Ecology: Synthetic Research of Bacterial Lipid As and Their Development as Adjuvants
Molecules doi: 10.3390/molecules26206294
Authors:
Atsushi Shimoyama
Koichi Fukase
Gram-negative bacterial cell surface component lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and its active principle, lipid A, exhibit immunostimulatory effects and have the potential to act as adjuvants. However, canonical LPS acts as an endotoxin by hyperstimulating the immune response. Therefore, LPS and lipid A must be structurally modified to minimize their toxic effects while maintaining their adjuvant effect for application as vaccine adjuvants. In the field of chemical ecology research, various biological phenomena occurring among organisms are considered molecular interactions. Recently, the hypothesis has been proposed that LPS and lipid A mediate bacterial–host chemical ecology to regulate various host biological phenomena, mainly immunity. Parasitic and symbiotic bacteria inhabiting the host are predicted to possess low-toxicity immunomodulators due to the chemical structural changes of their LPS caused by co-evolution with the host. Studies on the chemical synthesis and functional evaluation of their lipid As have been developed to test this hypothesis and to apply them to low-toxicity and safe adjuvants.
Source: Molecules - Category: Chemistry Authors: Atsushi Shimoyama Koichi Fukase Tags: Review Source Type: research
More News: Chemistry | Molecular Biology | Parasitic Diseases | Parasitology | Study | Toxicology | Vaccines