Cancers, Vol. 13, Pages 4797: Cardiac Toxicity Associated with Cancer Immunotherapy and Biological Drugs

Cancers, Vol. 13, Pages 4797: Cardiac Toxicity Associated with Cancer Immunotherapy and Biological Drugs Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers13194797 Authors: Andrea Montisci Maria Teresa Vietri Vittorio Palmieri Silvia Sala Francesco Donatelli Claudio Napoli Cancer immunotherapy significantly contributed to an improvement in the prognosis of cancer patients. Immunotherapy, including human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-targeted therapies, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), and chimeric antigen receptor-modified T (CAR-T), share the characteristic to exploit the capabilities of the immune system to kill cancerous cells. Trastuzumab is a monoclonal antibody against HER2 that prevents HER2-mediated signaling; it is administered mainly in HER2-positive cancers, such as breast, colorectal, biliary tract, and non-small-cell lung cancers. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) inhibit the binding of CTLA-4 or PD-1 to PDL-1, allowing T cells to kill cancerous cells. ICI can be used in melanomas, non-small-cell lung cancer, urothelial, and head and neck cancer. There are two main types of T-cell transfer therapy: tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (or TIL) therapy and chimeric antigen receptor-modified T (CAR-T) cell therapy, mainly applied for B-cell lymphoma and leukemia and mantle-cell lymphoma. HER2-targeted therapies, mainly trastuzumab, are associated with left ventricular dysfunction, usually reversible and rarely life-threatening. PD/PDL-1 inhibitors can cause m...
Source: Cancers - Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Tags: Review Source Type: research