Effective DNA damage response after acute but not chronic immune challenge: SARS-CoV-2 vaccine versus Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Clin Immunol. 2021 Jun 2:108765. doi: 10.1016/j.clim.2021.108765. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTWhether and how an acute immune challenge may affect DNA Damage Response (DDR) is unknown. By studying vaccinations against Influenza and SARS-CoV-2 (mRNA-based) we found acute increases of type-I interferon-inducible gene expression, oxidative stress and DNA damage accumulation in blood mononuclear cells of 9 healthy controls, coupled with effective anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody production in all. Increased DNA damage after SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, partly due to increased oxidative stress, was transient, whereas the inherent DNA repair capacity was found intact. In contrast, in 26 patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, who served as controls in the context of chronic immune activation, we validated increased DNA damage accumulation, increased type-I interferon-inducible gene expression and induction of oxidative stress, however aberrant DDR was associated with deficiencies in nucleotide excision repair pathways. These results indicate that acute immune challenge can indeed activate DDR pathways, whereas, contrary to chronic immune challenge, successful repair of DNA lesions occurs.PMID:34089859 | PMC:PMC8171000 | DOI:10.1016/j.clim.2021.108765

Source: Clinical Immunology - June 5, 2021 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Panagiotis A Ntouros Nikolaos I Vlachogiannis Maria Pappa Adrianos Nezos Clio P Mavragani Maria G Tektonidou Vassilis L Souliotis Petros P Sfikakis Source Type: research