Racemic synephrine found in Citrus aurantium ‐listing pre‐workout supplements suggests a non‐plant‐based origin

The first implementation ofCitrus aurantium standardised reference material (SRM) to compare the ratios of synephrine enantiomers found in plant material with those commercially available pre ‐workout supplements. Out of 12 products, five containedR‐(−)‐synephrine that were suggested to be from a natural plant source. For the remaining supplements, four had racemic synephrine and one had only 5S‐(+)‐synephrine, which questions the origin of the synephrine to a synthetic rather than a plant source. AbstractMulti ‐ingredient pre‐workout supplements (MIPS) containCitrus aurantium as a source of bioactive amines such asp‐synephrine, but concerns regarding the authenticity of ingredients in some supplements as well as adverse effects from consumption have been raised.R‐(−)‐Synephrine is the predominant enantiomer inCitrus aurantium extracts while synthetic preparations are often racemic. The aims of this study were to develop a screening method to determine the ratio of synephrine enantiomers in pre ‐workout supplements listingCitrus aurantium and to assess the ingredient authenticity by directly comparing their ratios to that found inCitrus aurantium standardised reference materials (SRMs). Quantification of enantiomers in the supplements and SRMs was achieved using a validated, high ‐performance liquid chromatography‐single quadrupole mass spectrometry (HPLC‐UV‐QDa) direct enantioseparation method with a cellobiohydrolase (CBH) column (100 ×...
Source: Drug Testing and Analysis - Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Tags: SHORT COMMUNICATION Source Type: research