Schizophrenia polygenic risk is associated with child mental health problems through early childhood adversity: evidence for a gene –environment correlation

This study was embedded in the population-based Generation R Study, includingN = 1901 participants with genotyping for schizophrenia polygenic risk, maternal reporting of childhood adversity, and Child Behaviour Checklist measurement of mental health problems. Independent replication was attempted in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC;N = 3641). Associations were analysed with Poisson regression and statistical mediation analysis. Higher burden of schizophrenia polygenic risk was associated with greater exposure to childhood adversity (P-value threshold  <  0.5: Generation R Study, OR = 1.08, 95%CI 1.02–1.15,P = 0.01; ALSPAC, OR = 1.02, 95%CI 1.01–1.03,P <  0.01). Childhood adversities partly explained the relationship of schizophrenia polygenic risk with emotional, attention, and thought problems (proportion explained, range 5–23%). Direct effects of schizophrenia polygenic risk and adversity on mental health outcomes were also observed. In summa ry, genetic liability to schizophrenia increased the risk for mental health problems in the general paediatric population through childhood adversity. Although this finding could result from a mediated causal relationship between genotype and mental health, we argue that these observations most like ly reflect a gene–environment correlation, i.e. adversities are a marker for the genetic risk that parents transmit to children. These and similar recent findings raise i...
Source: European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry - Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research